Alterations in HbA1c following minimal or enhanced non-surgical, non-antibiotic treatment of gingivitis or mild periodontitis in type 2 diabetic patients: a pilot trial.

Aim: The purpose of this pilot study was to determine and compare the effects of two protocols aimed at reducing periodontal inflammation, upon the metabolic control of the diabetic condition in subjects with elevated baseline glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Methods And Materials: Forty-two non-smoking type 2 diabetes subjects with mildly elevated HbA1c (>7 but < 9%) and severely elevated (>9%) were randomized to one of two non-surgical periodontal therapy protocols. Patients in the "minimal therapy" (MT) group received scaling, root planning, and oral hygiene instructions on two occasions six months apart.

A qualitative study of institutional review board members' experience reviewing research proposals using emergency exception from informed consent.

Background: Emergency exception to informed consent regulation was introduced to provide a venue to perform research on subjects in emergency situations before obtaining informed consent. For a study to proceed, institutional review boards (IRBs) need to determine if the regulations have been met.

Aim: To determine IRB members' experience reviewing research protocols using emergency exception to informed consent.

Impact of intensified dental care on outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus infection.

This study evaluated the health effects of routine and intensified dental care and disease prevention in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We recruited 376 HIV-infected persons ages 19 to 61 with CD4 counts between 100 and 750 into a year-long two-arm randomized controlled trial. Control group subjects (n = 185) received professional dental protective treatment and checkups at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year, plus dental care.