The challenge of selecting an appropriate soil organic carbon simulation model: A comprehensive global review and validation assessment.

Promotion of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration as a potential solution to support climate change mitigation as well as more sustainable farming systems is rising steeply. As a result, voluntary carbon markets are rapidly expanding in which farmers get paid per tons of carbon dioxide sequestered. This market relies on protocols using simulation models to certify that increases in SOC stocks do indeed occur and generate tradable carbon credits.

[Properties of NAD-dependent brain enzymes under the conditions of hypoxia and ischemia].

The catalytic properties of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic isoenzymes of NAD-dependent brain malate dehydrogenase (MDH) were studied under hypoxic or ischemic conditions. Hypoxia was modeled in animals in pressure chamber, while ischemia was achieved via bilateral ligation of common carotic arteries. The properties of MDH in mitochondria of rat brain were studied; they were significantly different from those of MDH purified from bovine brain.

A positivity result in the theory of Macdonald polynomials.

We outline here a proof that a certain rational function C(n)(q, t), which has come to be known as the "q, t-Catalan," is in fact a polynomial with positive integer coefficients. This has been an open problem since 1994. Because C(n)(q, t) evaluates to the Catalan number at t = q = 1, it has also been an open problem to find a pair of statistics a, b on the collection (n) of Dyck paths Pi of length 2n yielding C(n)(q, t) = summation operator(pi) t(a(Pi))q(b(Pi)).

A graded representation model for Macdonald's polynomials.

We define doubly graded Sn modules Rmu for which we conjecture that the multiplicities of irreducible representations in various bi-degrees are given by the Macdonald coefficients Klambdamu. Assuming one fundamental conjecture, the modules Rmu can be given several equivalent definitions, which we discuss. We prove the conjectures in various special cases.

[Complete amino acid sequence of neurotoxin Os-1 from the venom of the Central Asian black scorpion Orthochirus scrobiculosus].

The neurotoxin Os-1 from the venom of the Central Asian scorpion Orthochirus scrobiculosus possesses a high paralytic activity against mice. This neurotoxin was subjected to tryptic, chymotryptic and BrCN cleavages and its total amino acid sequence was established. It was shown that neurotoxin Os-1 consists of 66 amino acid residues an contains four disulfide bonds.

[Neurotoxins from the venom of the Central Asian scorpion Buthus eupeus].

Three main polypeptide neurotoxins M9, M10, M14, possessing paralytic activity in mice, have been isolated from the venom of the Central Asian scorpion Buthus eupeus. The amino acid composition of these toxins was determined. Toxins M9 and M14 were digested with trypsin, chymotrypsin, Staphylococcus aureus proteinase and cleaved with BNPS-skatole.

[Amino acid sequence of 2 neurotoxins from the scorpion Buthus eupeus venom].

Three polypeptides, M10, M14 and M9, toxic to mammals were isolated from the venom of the Central Asian scorpion Buthus eupeus. All the toxins were shown to be homogeneous according to disc-electrophoresis and N-terminal group analyses. The toxin M9 was digested with trypsin, Staphylococcus aureus proteinase and cleaved with BNPS-skatole.

Method for constructing bijections for classical partition identities.

We sketch the construction of a bijection between the partitions of n with parts congruent to 1 or 4 (mod 5) and the partitions of n with parts differing by at least 2. This bijection is obtained by a cut-and-paste procedure that starts with a partition in one class and ends with a partition in the other class. The whole construction is a combination of a bijection discovered quite early by Schur and two bijections of our own.