Pneumopericardium, Epidural Pneumatosis, and Muscular Emphysema: Rare Complications of Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum Due to Refractory Hyperemesis Gravidarum.

Various complications of hyperemesis gravidarum and pneumomediastinum have been documented in the literature. Commonly, these cases resolve spontaneously or with the use of antiemetics and supportive care. In rare instances, these symptoms persist into the second trimester and are associated with an increased risk of complications.