Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients Hospitalized With Decompensated Chronic Heart Failure.

Aim    To study the incidence and effect of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on clinical outcomes in patients with decompensated chronic heart failure (DCHF).Material and methods    The study included 338 patients with NYHA functional class III-IV DCHF (51.2% men, mean age 72.

Clinical Outcome and Risk Assessment in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Elevated Transaminases and Acute Kidney Injury: A Single Center Study.

Objectives: Initial reports indicate a high incidence of abnormal aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in patients with COVID-19 and possible association with acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to investigate clinical features of elevated transaminases on admission, its association with AKI, and outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the registered data of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and assessment of the AST and ALT was performed.

Meta-Analysis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Electromechanical Reconstruction of Myocardium.

In developed countries, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which results from obesity, has become endemic and kills many adults annually. Health research centers in most countries are looking to examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic biomarkers. A bleeding-prone standard liver biopsy or costly magnetic resonance imaging scan is used to diagnose NAFLD.

PNPLA3 rs738409 associates with alcoholic liver cirrhosis but not with serum levels of IL6, IL10, IL8 or CCL2 in the Russian population.

Introduction And Aim: Polymorphic variant rs738409 within the PNPLA3 gene associates with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) in heavy drinkers of various ancestry but has not yet been established in the Russian population characterized by high incidence of ALC. PNPLA3 rs738409 involvement in the inflammatory process has been proposed as one of the mechanisms of liver dysfunction. Relationship between the PNPLA3 polymorphism and the biochemical markers of inflammation in patients with ALC remains unclear.

Relationship of Liver Stiffness With Congestion in Patients Presenting With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure.

Objective: The significance of liver stiffness (LS) in the setting of cardiovascular congestion during the course of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is under investigation. The aim of this study was to assess LS with the use of transient elastography (TE) and its associations with volume overload as determined by means of bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) in ADHF.

Methods And Results: TE (Fibroscan 502; Echosens) and BIVA (ABC-01, Medass) were performed in the first 48 hours of admission and on the day of discharge in 149 ADHF patients without known primary chronic liver disease or acute hepatitis.

[Prognostic value of liver stiffness in decompensated heart failure: results of prospective observational transient elastography-based study].

Objective: There is growing evidence that liver stiffness (LS) in decompensated heart failure (DHF) is related to congestion, however data about its impact on outcomes are limited. The aim of the study was to evaluate associations and long-term prognostic significance of LS measured by transient elastography (TE) in DHF.

Methods: Single-center prospective observational study of 194 patients hospitalized with DHF, of whom 71 % were male, 68 ± 11 years (mean ± SD), had a left ventricular ejection fraction of 39±14%.

Inhibition of IRE1 modifies hypoxic regulation of G6PD, GPI, TKT, TALDO1, PGLS and RPIA genes expression in U87 glioma cells.

We have studied the effect of hypoxia on the expression level of mRNA of the basic enzymes of pentose-phosphate cycle (G6PD, TKT, TALDO1, PGLS and RPIA) and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) in U87 glioma cells in relation to inhibition of IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme 1). It was shown that hypoxia leads to up-regulation of the expression of GPI and PGLS genes and to down-regulation of TALDO1 and RPIA genes in control glioma cells. Changes for GPI gene were more significant than for other genes.

[Serum markers of fibrosis and endothelial dysfunction in patients with alcoholism, with varying degrees of liver fibrosis].

In the serum of patients with alcoholism with varying degrees of severity of liver fibrosis were studied the content markers of fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction and proinflammatory cytokines. Concentration in blood indicators of fibrogenesis--collagen type 4, hyaluronic acid, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, YKL-40 and MMP-2 is considerably increased at the 4 degree of fibrosis and moderately increased at low and zero degrees of liver fibrosis. Similar results were obtained in respect of proinflammatory cytokines Il-6, IL-8, IL-12/p70 and IL-12/p40.

Expression of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase genes in U87 glioma cells with ERN1 knockdown: effect of hypoxia and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Activation of pentose phosphate pathway is an important factor of enhanced cell proliferation and tumor growth. Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS) is a key enzyme of this pathway and plays a central role in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines. Hypoxia as well as ERN1 (from endoplasmic reticulum to nuclei-1) mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress response-signalling pathway is linked to the proliferation because the blockade of ERN1 suppresses tumor growth, including glioma.

[Clinico-morphological characteristics of pulmonary mycobacteriosis].

According to the criteria of the American Thoracal Societypulmonary mycobacteriosis has been diagnosed at 40patients without clinically important immunosupression (MAC--35%, Mkansasii--25%, M. xenopi--20%, M. fortuitum--12.

[Molecular mechanisms of circadian clock functioning].

Most physiological processes of all organisms are rhythmic with a period of about 24 h and are generated by an endogenous biological CLOCK present in all cells. However, there is also a central CLOCK--the primary circadian pacemaker which is localized in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the mammalian hypothalamus. Factors of groups Period (PER1, PER2 and PER3), BMAL (BMAL1 and BMAL2), CRYptochromes (CRY1 and CRY2) as well as some other factors are the components of this circadian CLOCK system.

[Use of molecular-biological microchip TB-BIOCHIP-2 for detecting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with multidrug resistance to fluoroquinolones in patients with new detected and chronic tuberculosis].

At present the left-handed "respiratory" quinolones such as moxifloxacin and levofloxacin are the most promising drugs for therapy of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR). Fast and specific diagnostics of sensitivity of M. tuberculosis (MBT) with MDR to this group of drugs is required for timely prescription of adequate chemotherapy and its correction in case of MBT resistance to fluoroquinolones.

[Polymorphism of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) in the populations of Russia and neighboring countries].

Allele and genotype frequencies for the locus encoding apolipoprotein E, involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism (APOE), were evaluated in 16 populations representing 12 ethnic groups (a total of 1103 subjects) from Russia and neighboring countries. In the populations examined, the frequencies of allele epsilon4, which is the risk factor of Alzheimer's disease and coronary heart disease, varied from less than 5 to more than 20%, while the variation of the major epsilon3 allele in these populations ranged from less than 75 to 95%. The frequencies of alleles epsilon3 and epsilon4 were 0.

[Types of skin lesions in pulmonary sarcoidosis and their prognostic value].

When sarcoidosis is suspected, a patient should be meticulously examined for dermal changes, the favorite sites of which are the skin of the face, ears, upper and lower extremities, and trunk. Elements may vary in number from solitary to multiple. When dermal changes are suspected of sarcoidosis, a dermatologist should examine the patient and, if there are some doubts about the nature of dermal elements, biopsy and histological study should be made since the morphological verification of the diagnosis primarily requires the use of extrapulmonary sites of the process, namely superficial peripheral lymph nodes, as well as the skin.

[Side effects of corticosteroidal therapy in patients with chronic forms of sarcoidosis].

The biological activity of glucocorticosteroids (GCS) is that there is always a risk of complications during repeated long courses of therapy in patients with recurrent sarcoidosis even if treatment is correctly organized. The clinical side effects of GCS were studied in 99 patients identified in 1995 to 2002, who had a chronic process and had been continuously treated with GCS for 2 years or more. The altered adrenal function by tile type of hypercorticism was observed in 73 (73.

[A role of social and occupational factors in the development of chronic forms of respiratory sarcoidoisis and its relapses].

The social status and the presence of occupational and household hazards were analyzed in 134 patients with torpid chronic and undulating course of sarcoidosis lasting 3 years or more to estimate the significance of the above factors when the course of sarcoidosis was poor. The fact that 162 cases of hazards (metals, building materials, wood, textile, and paper dust, smoking, chemical substances, contact with patients with tuberculosis) occurred in 113 patients and 49 of the 134 patients with chronic forms of the disease were exposed to psychoemotional factors suggests that dust substances and chemical elements of different kinds, frequent stressful situations, and the X-ray signs of fibrosis of sarcoidosis-induced changes due to the absence of timely examinations should be regarded as a risk factors of the torpid chronic course of respiratory sarcoidosis (just at the stage of its primary detection).

[Alcohol-induced arterial hypertension and genetic polymorphism of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes].

Aim: To study arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) in patients suffering from alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) with relation to genetic polymorphism of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (ADG2) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (AlDG2).

Material And Methods: AP and HR were analysed for 36 alcoholics (83 hospitalizations, including repeated ones) with genotypes ADG2 and AIDG2 at admission to and discharge from narcological hospital.

Results: ADG2 genotypes distribution was the following: ADG2-1/1--61.

Alcohol dehydrogenase ADH2-1 and ADH2-2 allelic isoforms in the Russian population correlate with type of alcoholic disease.

The frequency ADH2-2 allele in the Moscow urban population and a correlation between the ADH2-2 allele, alcoholic dependence without cirrhosis, symptomatic alcoholic cirrhosis and status on hepatitis B and C infection have been studied. One hundred and twenty-three inhabitants of Moscow (50 healthy donors, 36 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (subdivided into infected and uninfected by HBV and/or HCV) and 37 patients with alcoholic dependence) of a similar age/sex and drinking pattern have been analysed. The frequency of 41% for ADH2-2 allele is characteristic for an urban Moscow population.