The Decline of Basic Ophthalmology in General Medical Education: A Scoping Review and Recommended Potential Solutions.

Objective: This literature review aims to explore research and conceptual pieces on the state of ophthalmology education and suggest potential ways to address current challenges.

Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed, ERIC, Web of Science, and Google Scholar with combinations of the following search terms: "ophthalmology education," "undergraduate medical education," "medical student," "United States," and "Canada." Eliminating irrelevant articles yielded 47 articles.

Sex Differences in Academic Rank, Scholarly Productivity, National Institutes of Health Funding, and Industry Ties Among Academic Cornea Specialists in the United States.

Purpose: This study analyzed sex differences among cornea specialists with regards to academic rank, scholarly productivity, National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding, and industry partnerships.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: This was a study of faculty at 113 US academic programs.

Analysis of Melanin Structure and Biochemical Composition in Conjunctival Melanocytic Lesions Using Pump-Probe Microscopy.

Purpose: We analyze melanin structure and biochemical composition in conjunctival melanocytic lesions using pump-probe microscopy to assess the potential for this method to assist in melanoma diagnosis.

Methods: Pump-probe microscopy interrogates transient excited-state photodynamic properties of absorbing molecules, which yields highly specific molecular information with subcellular spatial resolution. This method is applied to analyze melanin in 39 unstained, thin biopsy specimens of melanocytic conjunctival lesions.

Minimally Invasive Corneal Neurotization With Acellular Nerve Allograft: Surgical Technique and Clinical Outcomes.

Purpose: To describe a minimally invasive surgical technique and its clinical outcomes with the use of acellular nerve allograft to re-establish corneal sensibility in patients with neurotrophic keratopathy.

Methods: Acellular nerve allograft was coapted to an intact supraorbital, supratrochlear, or infraorbital nerve and transferred to the affected eye. Donor nerve pedicles were isolated through a transpalpebral or transconjunctival approach.

Pediatric conjunctival melanoma arising from a compound nevus.

We present a rare case of conjunctival melanoma in a 9-year-old girl who presented with a conjunctival lesion of the left eye, growth of which was documented by patient photographs. Examination showed a raised pigmented lesion at the temporal limbus, with fine surrounding vessels. Enhanced depth imaging-optical coherence tomography showed no invasion into the sclera.

Ocular Surface Epithelial Atypia Mimicking Squamous Neoplasia in Association With Ulcerative Colitis.

Purpose: Inflammatory bowel disease may be associated with extraintestinal manifestations. We report a case of severe reactive epithelial atypia resembling ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in a patient with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Case report.

Anterior Segment Imaging in Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia.

Recent advances in anterior segment imaging have transformed the way ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is diagnosed and monitored. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) has been reported to be useful primarily in the assessment of intraocular invasion and metastasis. confocal microscopy (IVCM) shows enlarged and irregular nuclei with hyperreflective cells in OSSN lesions and this has been found to correlate with histopathology findings.

Outcomes of intense pulsed light therapy for treatment of evaporative dry eye disease.

Objective: To determine the clinical outcomes of intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease (DED).

Design: Multicentre cohort study.

Participants: Patients with a diagnosis of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye presenting to the ophthalmology clinic at either the Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, or Matossian Eye Associates' private practice in Pennington, NJ, and Doylestown, PA.

Advances in the management of conjunctival melanoma.

Malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva is a rare but serious condition. Over the last several years, there have been important advances in the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition. Recent cytogenetic and immunohistochemical studies are increasing understanding of its tumorigenesis.

Fibrin adhesive in conjunction with epithelial ingrowth removal after laser in situ keratomileusis: long-term results.

Purpose: To describe the long-term results of fibrin adhesive use in the management of epithelial ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Setting: Private practice, Minneapolis, Minnesota, and an academic medical center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Intense pulsed light therapy for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease.

Purpose Of Review: Evaporative dry eye disease is one of the most common types of dry eye. It is often the result of chronic meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and associated ocular rosacea. Evaporative dry eye and MGD significantly reduce patient's quality of life.

Textural interface opacity after Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty.

Purpose: To describe cases of interface haze, also known as textural interface opacity, after Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK).

Setting: Department of Cornea, External Disease, and Refractive Surgery Service, Duke Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Corneal allograft reaction associated with nonocular inflammation.

Corneal allograft rejection is known to have many risk factors, including ocular infection and inflammation. Although not reported in the literature, local nonocular inflammation may also have the ability to incite a graft reaction. We report 2 cases, one with dental inflammation and the other with a facial abscess, with simultaneous corneal transplant rejection.