[Neurocryptococcosis waiting to be diagnosed].

Neurocryptococcosis is a severe neurological complication of Cryptococcus neoformans infections, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. This report describes the case of a 53-year-old man with no known medical history who experienced severe headaches and vomiting while on a business trip to Pakistan. He was given preventive antibiotic therapy, followed by a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim for suspected toxoplasmosis.

Epilepsy in Patients With Primary CNS Lymphoma: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Prognostic Significance.

Background And Objectives: Epilepsy is a common comorbidity of brain tumors; however, little is known about the prevalence, onset time, semiology, and risk factors of seizures in primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of epilepsy in PCNSL, to identify factors associated with epilepsy, and to investigate the prognostic significance of seizures in PCNSL.

Methods: We performed an observational, retrospective single-center study at a tertiary neuro-oncology center (2011-2023) including immunocompetent patients with PCNSL and no history of seizures.

Prognostic Value of CSF IL-10 at Early Assessment of Induction Chemotherapy in Primary CNS Lymphomas: A LOC Network Study.

Objectives: Despite a high response rate at the first evaluation during induction chemotherapy, the risk of early relapse remains high and unpredictable in primary CNS lymphomas (PCSNLs). We aimed to assess the prognostic value of early IL-10 levels in CSF (e-IL-10) after 2 months of induction chemotherapy.

Methods: We retrospectively selected from the LOC (Lymphomes Oculo-Cérébraux) network database patients with PCSNLs who had complete or partial response at the 2-month evaluation of a high-dose methotrexate-based first-line chemotherapy for whom e-IL-10 was available.

CAR T-cell therapy induces a high rate of prolonged remission in relapsed primary CNS lymphoma: Real-life results of the LOC network.

The prognosis of relapsed primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) remains dismal. CAR T-cells are a major contributor to systemic lymphomas, but their use in PCNSL is limited. From the LOC network database, we retrospectively selected PCNSL who had leukapheresis for CAR-T cells from the third line of treatment, and, as controls, PCNSL treated with any treatment, at least in the third line and considered not eligible for ASCT.

[Flow cytometry in chronic lymphproliferative disorders: report of a survey on practices on behalf of CytHem].

Flow cytometric immunophenotyping is nowadays an essential tool for diagnosis, classification and monitoring of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLPD). Several recommendations on multicolor panels have been proposed in the literature but little is known about their application in routine laboratories. The CytHem group (Cytométrie Hématologique francophone), created in 2018, is organized in multiple thematic groups: among them one is dedicated to CLPD, "Cythem-SLP".

A fixed-duration immunochemotherapy approach in CLL: 5.5-year results from the phase 2 ICLL-07 FILO trial.

In previously untreated, medically fit patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), research is focused on developing fixed-duration strategies to improve long-term outcomes while sparing patients from serious toxicities. The ICLL-07 trial evaluated a fixed-duration (15-month) immunochemotherapy approach in which after obinutuzumab-ibrutinib induction for 9 months, patients (n = 10) in complete remission (CR) with bone marrow (BM) measurable residual disease (MRD) <0.01% continued only ibrutinib 420 mg/day for 6 additional months (I arm), whereas the majority (n = 115) received up to 4 cycles of fludarabine/cyclophosphamide-obinutuzumab 1000 mg alongside the ibrutinib (I-FCG arm).

Combining MYD88 L265P mutation detection and clonality determination on CSF cellular and cell-free DNA improves diagnosis of primary CNS lymphoma.

Diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is challenging, and although brain biopsy remains the gold standard, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) constitutes a less invasive source of lymphomatous biomarkers. In a retrospective cohort of 54 PCNSL cases tested at diagnosis or relapse, we evaluated the contribution of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene clonality and MYD88 L265P detection on both CSF cell pellets and supernatants, in comparison with cytology, flow cytometry, interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6 quantification. Clonality assessment included a new assay to detect partial IGH-DJ rearrangements.

CSF biomarkers in primary CNS lymphoma.

PCNSL is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) affecting brain, spinal cord, eyes and leptomeninges. In the past two decades, its prognosis significantly improved due to therapeutic advances but it remains a highly aggressive tumor and early diagnosis is necessary for optimal management. Diagnosis relies on the identification of lymphoma cells in brain tissue obtained by stereotactic biopsy.

Chemotherapy is an efficient treatment in primary CNS MALT lymphoma.

Background: Mucosae-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are a rare and poorly understood form of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). The aim of this study was to better describe these tumors, their management and their long-term prognosis.

Methods: Patients with primary CNS MALT lymphoma (PCNSML) were retrospectively selected from the database on PCNSL of the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital.

Neurolymphomatosis related to direct epineural invasion of the superficial peroneal nerve from subcutaneous B-cell lymphoma.

Neurolymphomatosis is a rare complication of systemic lymphomas, and is classically related to hematogenous spread or intraneural spread of tumor cells from the leptomeninges. Here we report a case of neurolymphomatosis related to direct epineural invasion of the superficial peroneal nerve from subcutaneous localization of B-cell lymphoma. Nerve biopsy revealed striking histological features suggestive of contiguous infiltration of the superficial peroneal nerve by subcutaneous lymphoma.

Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: short review of the literature, results of a European survey and French guidelines of the LOC network for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this study was to highlight the diagnostic and management challenges of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) through a review of the literature and a European survey on real-life practices for PVRL.

Recent Findings: The care of PVRL patients is heterogeneous between specialists and countries. Upfront systemic treatment based on high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy, with or without local treatment, might reduce or delay the risk of brain relapse.

CSF interleukin 6 is a useful marker to distinguish pseudotumoral CNS inflammatory diseases from primary CNS lymphoma.

Background: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pleomorphic cytokine that can be found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a wide spectrum of inflammatory pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS).

Objective: Our aim was to characterize the diagnostic significance of CSF IL-6 among various CNS inflammatory diseases with pseudotumoral lesions (CNSID) and primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the CSF IL-6 concentrations in 43 consecutive patients with suspected PCNSL.