Prognostic significance of histopathological factors in survival and recurrence of atypical carcinoid tumours.

Objectives: Atypical carcinoids are neuroendocrine neoplasms of intermediate degree and low frequency. The aim of this study is to analyse their clinical characteristics and the importance of different histopathological factors in their prognosis.

Methods: Multicentre cooperative group EMETNE prospectively reviewed 153 patients operated on between 1998 and 2016 with diagnosis of atypical carcinoids.

Anatomical resections are superior to wedge resections for overall survival in patients with Stage 1 typical carcinoids.

Objectives: Typical carcinoids (TCs) are rare, slow-growing neoplasms, usually characterized by satisfactory surgical outcomes. Due to the rarity of TCs, international guidelines for the management of particular clinical presentations currently do not exist. In particular, non-anatomical resections (wedges) are sometimes advocated for Stage 1 TCs because of their indolent behaviour.

Surgical treatment of low and intermediate grade lung net.

Background: Carcinoids now constitute complex tumours which require a multidisciplinary approach and long-term follow-up. Surgical intervention is nowadays confirmed as the mainstay of treatment.

Methods: From 1980 to 2015, EMETNE-SEPAR collected 1,339 patients treated surgically for bronchial carcinoid (1,154 typical and 185 atypical carcinoids).

Management of bronchial carcinoids: international practice survey among the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons.

Objective: This study aims to assess the international practice of management of bronchial carcinoids.

Materials & Methods: A survey designed by the Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Lung Working Group, was conducted among the members of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons.

Results: A total of 172 centers worldwide replied to the questionnaire.

Pulmonary neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumors: European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society expert consensus and recommendations for best practice for typical and atypical pulmonary carcinoids.

Background: Pulmonary carcinoids (PCs) are rare tumors. As there is a paucity of randomized studies, this expert consensus document represents an initiative by the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society to provide guidance on their management.

Patients And Methods: Bibliographical searches were carried out in PubMed for the terms 'pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors', 'bronchial neuroendocrine tumors', 'bronchial carcinoid tumors', 'pulmonary carcinoid', 'pulmonary typical/atypical carcinoid', and 'pulmonary carcinoid and diagnosis/treatment/epidemiology/prognosis'.

The significance of histology: typical and atypical bronchial carcinoids.

The aim of this study is to assess in bronchial carcinoid tumors, the prognostic factors in relation to the histology that would determine their most appropriate therapy. The histologic aggressiveness is a determining factor in tumor size and nodal involvement in these tumors. The knowledge of the histologic limits of typical and atypical carcinoid contributes to the recognition of a better valuation of the proportional significance that nodal involvement and histologic grade have in a tumor's prognosis.

Atypical carcinoid tumours of the lung: prognostic factors and patterns of recurrence.

Background: Atypical carcinoids (AC) of the lung are rare intermediate-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms. Prognostic factors for these tumours are undefined.

Methods: Our cooperative group retrieved data on 127 patients operated between 1980 and 2009 because of an AC.

Endovascular treatment of posttraumatic pseudoaneurysm of the internal mammary artery.

Pseudoaneurysm of the internal mammary artery is an unusual complication of wounds to the chest. We report a case of a 41-year-old man who sustained a stab chest wound and posttraumatic pseudoaneurysm of the internal mammary artery, resulting in hemomediastinum and hemothorax. The patient was successfully treated using emergency endovascular coil embolization.

[Co-infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Actinomyces naeslundii].

Objective: To report a case of co-infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Actinomyces naeslundii in a woman with an intrauterine device.

Case Report: A 36-year-old woman with IUD, who entered to the hospital because of suprapubic abdominal pain, fever and foul-smelling vaginal discharge.

Results: We identified Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Actinomyces naeslundii and despite antibiotic treatment, ultrasound allowed objectify pelvic inflammatory disease and appendiceal involvement, which led to its surgical removal and bilateral salpingectomy.

[Respiratory disease registries in Spain: fundamentals and organization].

This present paper describes the general characteristics, objectives and organizational aspects of the respiratory disease registries in Spain with the aim to report their activities and increase their diffusion. The document compiles information on the following registries: the Spanish Registry of Patients with Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency, Spanish Registry of Bronchiectasis, International Registry of Thromboembolic Disease, Spanish Registry of Occupational Diseases, Spanish Registry of Pulmonary Artery Hypertension, Registry of Pleural Mesothelioma, Spanish Registry of Tuberculosis and Spanish Multi-center Study of Neuroendocrine Pulmonary Tumors. Our paper provides information on each of the registries cited.

[Treatment of lung cancer with chest wall invasion].

The aim of this study was to analyze chest wall invasion, the indication and multidisciplinary nature of treatment, the methods used for parietal reconstruction and the technical problems posed by this procedure in patients with lung cancer and chest wall invasion. Chest wall invasion from adjacent malignancies affects 5% of patients with a bronchogenic carcinoma. Preoperative determination of parietal invasion aids the planning of an appropriate therapeutic approach.

Pulmonary metastasectomy in breast cancer.

Metastatic breast cancer has been defined as a systemic disease. Although resection of pulmonary metastases is a common treatment in other primary malignancies, the role of breast cancer metastasectomy is more contentious. Solitary or fewer numbers of pulmonary metastases and longer disease-free interval are, as in other cancers where pulmonary metastasectomy is performed, significant prognostic factors.

Thoracic lymphatic involvement in patients having pulmonary metastasectomy: incidence and the effect on prognosis.

Mediastinal and hilar lymph node involvement are rarely reported in the literature concerning pulmonary metastasectomy. The first problem is to determine with accuracy the incidence and location of thoracic lymph node involvement in patients with lung metastases. Determination of the impact on survival of this type of lymphatic spread may contribute to assessing whether metastatic nodal disease identified preoperatively is an absolute contraindication to metastasectomy.

The number of pulmonary metastases: influence on practice and outcome.

From 1940 to the mid-1960s, pulmonary metastasectomy was performed infrequently and only in selected cases. Although the number of nodules was not considered a contraindication to resection, patients with bilateral disease were believed to have a poor prognosis and, thus, were not considered for operation. Later in 1970, metastasectomy was being undertaken with more liberal indications with respect to numbers being removed.

[Detection of lymph node involvement and surgical treatment of pulmonary neoplastic processes. Current state of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures].

An analysis is made of different publications associated with the surgical staging and treatment of primary and metastasic pulmonary neoplastic processes. A suitable treatment program is essential to determine lymph node involvement in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. The indication and sequence of the procedure to use (CT-PET, transbronchial puncture, videomediastinoscopic ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration) is evaluated in accordance to the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value of the different methods.

Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this article is to answering different questions related to the treatment and prognosis of neuroendocrine lung tumors.

Recent Findings: In neuroendocrine lung tumors, regardless of the grade of tumoral malignancy, the general growth during the past years of the nodal involvement percentage detected in lung neuroendocrine tumors might be explained by accepting surgical treatment as the norm and a complete mediastinal nodal dissection. Among non-small-cell carcinomas, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is the tumor with the worst prognosis.

[Trends in prognostic factors for neuroendocrine lung tumors].

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze trends in a variety of prognostic factors for neuroendocrine lung carcinomas through analysis of 2 groups of surgically treated patients.

Patients And Methods: Group A contained the first 361 patients, treated between 1980 and 1997. That group was analyzed retrospectively and contained 261 patients with typical carcinoid tumors, 43 with atypical carcinoid tumors, 22 with large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and 35 with small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.

[Interleukin-8 expression in lung tissue during ischemia-reperfusion].

Objective: Local cytokine production is a pathogenic factor in ischemia-reperfusion injury in early graft dysfunction. This study analyzed interleukin 8 (IL-8) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in lung tissue and the association between IL-8 mRNA levels and interstitial lung changes in an experimental model of warm lung ischemia-reperfusion.

Material And Methods: We studied 16 New Zealand rabbits divided into 3 groups: control, ischemia (tissue taken from right lower lobe after 1, 2, or 3 hours of ischemia), and reperfusion (tissue taken from right upper and middle lobes after 1 hour of ischemia and 1, 2, or 3 hours of reperfusion).

Prognostic significance of synaptophysin in stage I of squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Background: The prognostic significance of the presence of a neuroendocrine marker (synaptophysin, SY) was analyzed in stage I of squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Methods: A multicentric retrospective study was conducted with immunohistochemical staining in a single center of 318 patients resected for squamous carcinoma or adenocarcinoma in pathologic stage I.

Results: In all, 162 cases of squamous carcinoma and 156 cases of adenocarcinoma were identified, which included 105 patients in stage IA (50 patients with squamous carcinoma and 55 patients with adenocarcinoma) and 213 in stage IB (112 with squamous carcinoma and 101 with adenocarcinoma).

Tumor size and lymph node status in multifocal breast cancer.

Tumor size correlates with lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. In multifocal lesions there is controversy about considering the summation of the largest diameter of each tumor. A total of 122 patients with multifocal breast cancer were compared in a retrospective study with 177 patients with unifocal tumors, correlating tumor size with lymph node metastasis.

Typical and atypical carcinoid tumours: analysis of the experience of the Spanish Multi-centric Study of Neuroendocrine Tumours of the Lung.

Background: This study examines the experience of the Spanish Multi-centric Study of Neuroendocrine Tumours of the Lung with patients treated surgically for typical and atypical carcinoid tumours.

Methods: From 1980 to 2002, 661 patients were treated surgically for 569 typical carcinoid tumours and 92 atypical carcinoid tumours. Three hundred and four cases were studied retrospectively from 1980 to 1997 (261 typical carcinoid and 43 atypical carcinoid tumours); the other 357 new cases (308 typical carcinoid and 49 atypical carcinoid tumours) were collected prospectively from 1998 to 2002.

Hydatid cyst of the lung: diagnosis and treatment.

Hydatid infestation of the lung can be primary or secondary. In three of four cases the cyst is a single one. Hydatidosis of a different location, particularly the liver, may be associated.

[Assessment of mediastinal tumor involvement (T factor) in lung cancer with transesophageal ultrasonography].

Unlabelled: Transesophageal sonography was originally used to assess esophageal-gastric neoplasm. The technique may also be useful in the evaluation of pulmonary neoplasms for possible mediastinal involvement, with regard to both T and N factors.

Objective: To consider the validity of this minimally-invasive technique for assessing possible mediastinal involvement by direct tumoral invasion (T4) and to help obtain the most accurate staging of lung cancer.