Biomarkers.

Background: A decline in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) indicates cognitive impairment, a marker of early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Obtaining hand information within the assessment of IADLs may be an innovative approach to predicting cognitive decline. Hands play a vital role while performing IADL and can be used in assessing human visuomotor skills.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: The World Health Organization forecasts a population of 2,000 million people over 60 years by the year 2050, with 7% of this population suffering from dementia. Making a constant clinical-technological evaluation of older adults allows early detection of the disease and provides a better quality of life for the patient. In this sense, the research and development of innovative technological systems for the early detection of the disease, its monitoring and management of the growing number of patients with cognitive diseases has increased in recent years, integrating data collection and its automatic processing based on geriatric metrics into these systems using artificial intelligence (AI) methods.

The Potential of Automated Assessment of Cognitive Function Using Non-Neuroimaging Data: A Systematic Review.

The growing incidence of cognitive impairment among older adults has a significant impact on individuals, family members, caregivers, and society. Current conventional cognitive assessment tools are faced with some limitations. Recent evidence suggests that automating cognitive assessment holds promise, potentially resulting in earlier diagnosis, timely intervention, improved patient outcomes, and higher chances of response to treatment.

Avelumab to treat Merkel cell carcinoma: real-life experience in a dedicated oncology center.

The arrival of immunotherapy has revolutioned the management of patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). We conducted an observational, retrospective study of 14 cases treated with avelumab. The response rate was 57%: complete response was reached in 29% of patients, and partial responses in 29%.

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2: A test-negative design study based on Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) sentinel surveillance in Spain.

Background: With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, influenza surveillance systems in Spain were transformed into a new syndromic sentinel surveillance system. The Acute Respiratory Infection Surveillance System (SiVIRA in Spanish) is based on a sentinel network for acute respiratory infection (ARI) surveillance in primary care and a network of sentinel hospitals for severe ARI (SARI) surveillance in hospitals.

Methods: Using a test-negative design and data from SARI admissions notified to SiVIRA between January 1 and October 3, 2021, we estimated COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against hospitalization, by age group, vaccine type, time since vaccination, and SARS-CoV-2 variant.

A proposal for the management of COVID-19-induced coagulopathy in adults.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has a high case fatality rate. Most severely ill patients develop a special type of coagulopathy that had not been described before and that is now considered the main cause of death. For this reason, anticoagulant treatment has become one of the cornerstones of the treatment of this infection.

Do perioperative antibiotics reduce complications of mandibular third molar removal? A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different antibiotic prophylaxis regimens versus placebo in relation to possible postoperative complications derived from the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars.

Study Design: The final study sample of this double-blind randomized controlled trial comprised 92 Caucasian volunteers. Patients were assigned to 3 groups by using a randomization table.

[Odontología en entorno COVID-19. Adaptación de las Unidades de Salud Bucodental en los centros de salud de la Comunidad de Madrid.].

The COVID-19 respiratory manifestations go from mild symptoms similar to those of a common cold to severe pneumonia with respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock and multiorgan failure. The disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, whose transmission mechanism most relevant to dentistry is through respiratory droplets and possibly also aerosols, as well as direct contact with mucous membranes of the nose, mouth or eye via contaminated hands or objects. The professionals of the dental health units have a high risk exposure since they work at short distances (less than 1 m from the head of the patient) in the oral cavity, where a maximal expression of possible cell receptors for the virus has been reported.

Clostridium Septicum Endogenous Endophthalmitis as the Initial Manifestation of Colorectal Carcinoma: Clinical Case Report and Literature Review.

Purpose: To describe the presentation and clinical course of a case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by , an anaerobic and gram positive bacteria.

Methods: Observational report of a clinical case presented in Spain.

Clinical Case: A 61-year-old male patient was referred to our hospital with a diagnosis of endophthalmitis of his left eye since ten days prior to presentation, and a history of poor response to medical treatment.

Serum markers improve current prediction of metastasis development in early-stage melanoma patients: a machine learning-based study.

Metastasis development represents an important threat for melanoma patients, even when diagnosed at early stages and upon removal of the primary tumor. In this scenario, determination of prognostic biomarkers would be of great interest. Serum contains information about the general status of the organism and therefore represents a valuable source for biomarkers.

Analysis of Biological Properties of Human Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Effect on Mouse Hind Limb Ischemia.

Background: Due to their self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis-inducing capacity, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AMSC) have potential clinical applications in the treatment of limb ischemia. AMSC from healthy donors have been shown to induce neovascularization in animal models. However, when cells were obtained from donors suffering from any pathology, their autologous application showed limited effectiveness.

Computational Techniques for Eye Movements Analysis towards Supporting Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.

An opportune early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) would help to overcome symptoms and improve the quality of life for AD patients. Research studies have identified early manifestations of AD that occur years before the diagnosis. For instance, eye movements of people with AD in different tasks differ from eye movements of control subjects.

Vitronectin and dermcidin serum levels predict the metastatic progression of AJCC I-II early-stage melanoma.

Like many cancers, an early diagnosis of melanoma is fundamental to ensure a good prognosis, although an important proportion of stage I-II patients may still develop metastasis during follow-up. The aim of this work was to discover serum biomarkers in patients diagnosed with primary melanoma that identify those at a high risk of developing metastasis during the follow-up period. Proteomic and mass spectrophotometry analysis was performed on serum obtained from patients who developed metastasis during the first years after surgery for primary tumors and compared with that from patients who remained disease-free for more than 10 years after surgery.

Postpartum contraceptive acceptance in León, Mexico: a multivariate analysis.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to identify the reasons for the acceptance or rejection of contraceptive methods among postpartum women at the Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology in León, Mexico.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of 1025 postpartum women was undertaken. Reasons for acceptance or refusal of contraceptives were registered in a written survey.

[Superior vena cava syndrome and insular thyroid carcinoma: the stent as a palliative therapeutic alternative].

The superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a uncommon complication of thyroid cancers. It is produced as consequence of the mediastinal spread of the tumor or by intravascular invasion with thrombosis. We describe a case of insular thyroid carcinoma with an SVCS solved by putting an intravenous stent.

Effect of IL-2 and IL-6 on parameters related to metastatic activity in a murine melanoma.

Previous results have shown that the metastatic colonization with B16F10 melanoma in vivo increased after in vitro treatment of the cells with IL-2 or IL-6. To further investigate the mechanisms underlying this effect, we have studied adhesion, invasion, and proliferation properties of B16 melanoma, using two sublines with different metastatic ability. Adhesion of tumor cells to Matrigel coats increased using IL-6, which also induced upregulation of VLA-4 expression in both sublines.

Interleukin-2 enhances the growth of human melanoma cells derived form primary but not from metastatic tumours.

Previously, we demonstrated that in vitro treatment of B16F10 murine melanoma cells with interleukin-2 (IL-2) enhances proliferation and metastasis. To further investigate the role played by IL-2 in human melanomas, we studied the expression of IL-2/IL-2 receptor and the effect of IL-2 on the proliferation of melanoma cell lines derived from primary (A375 and RMS cell lines) and metastatic (Hs294T cell line) tumours. We found a constitutive expression of cytoplasmic IL-2 and alpha, beta and gamma-subunits of the IL-2R on the surface of the three melanoma cell lines.

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and interleukin-10 serum levels in patients with melanoma.

Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) have each been reported as useful markers for melanoma progression. To evaluate the clinical relevance of these three markers, we simultaneously analysed their serum levels in patients with melanoma. A longitudinal study with a 3-year follow-up was performed and different stages of the disease were considered.

Cyclosporin A upmodulates the alpha-subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor and the metastatic ability of murine B16F10 melanoma cells.

In the present study, the effect of in vitro cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment on IL-2R expression and the metastatic behavior of B16F10 melanoma cells has been reported. CsA treatment was found to increase the percentage of B16F10 cells expressing the alpha-subunit of IL-2R on the cell surface and also at the mRNA level. Moreover, CsA treated B16F10 cells also express the beta-subunit of IL-2.

Serum-soluble IL-2 receptor and IL-6 levels in patients with melanoma.

Elevated soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and IL-6 serum concentrations have been reported as adverse prognostic factors in several types of cancer. In order to determine whether these factors are predictive of metastatic progression in melanoma, sIL-2R and IL-6 levels were measured in sera from 172 patients with melanoma and 60 in healthy controls. Mean sIL-2R values were significantly higher in the patients than in normal controls and the highest values were observed in those that developed metastasis during follow-up.