Usefulness of the FDG PET/CT in the management of cystic echinococcosis: A pilot study.

Objectives: Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus. The activity of the cysts is assessed through the WHO-IWGE standardized classification based on ultrasound features. However, viability of the cysts is not always concordant with the activity assessed by ultrasound.

F-FDG PET/CT in ovarian cancer recurrence: Clinical impact, correlation with ceCT and CA-125, and prognostic value.

Aim: To evaluate F-FDG-PET/CT for suspected ovarian cancer relapse with negative/inconclusive conventional imaging, or restaging potentially resectable ovarian cancer relapse.

Material And Methods: Thirty-six cases and 140 locations were studied. PET/CT, ceCT and serum CA-125 was conducted in all cases.

FDG PET/CT in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent cancer worldwide. Although its incidence is increasing, mainly in those aged under50, mortality has decreased by 50% in the more developed countries, principally due to the adoption of new practices in prevention, diagnosis and treatment. In particular, the various diagnostic imaging modalities allow improved therapeutic decision-making, evaluation of the response and early detection of recurrence.

18F-FDG PET/CT of Lung Adenocarcinoma With Ovarian Metastases.

Patient was a 52-year-old woman with medical history of lung adenocarcinoma operated in 2009 (stage I, T2 N0 M0), showing increasing levels of tumor markers and a doubtful retrocrural adenopathy by means of CT scan with intravenous contrast. An F-FDG PET/CT was performed, which showed 2 hypermetabolic foci in both annexes. The anatomopathological study detected bilateral ovarian adenocarcinoma compatible with metastases of pulmonary origin.

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung with atypical evolution and a remarkable response to lutetium Lu 177 dotatate.

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung (LCNEC) is a high-grade, poorly differentiated tumor that typically does not express somatostatin receptors. Thus, it does not benefit from treatment with somatostatin analogs and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). The current study objective was to demonstrate that treatment with PRRT may be a valid option in neuroendocrine carcinomas with high expression of somatostatin receptors.

F-FDG PET/CT in the clinical management of patients with lymphoma.

The aim of this work was to review the current recommendations for staging and response assessment of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in routine clinical practice after chemotherapy and/or stem cell transplantation. A five-point scale (5-PS) from the First International Workshop on PET in Lymphoma in Deauville, France, in 2009, was recommended as the standard tool to score imaging to assess treatment response in patients with lymphoma using F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT. Following the recommendations of the 11th and 12th International Conferences on Malignant Lymphoma held in Lugano (Switzerland), in 2011 and 2013, respectively, a consensus (the so-called Lugano Classification) was reached regarding the use of PET/CT for staging and response assessment in FDG-avid lymphomas.

Contribution of early SPECT/CT to Tc-MIBI double phase scintigraphy in primary hyperparathyroidism: Diagnostic value and correlation between uptake and biological parameters.

Aim: To evaluate the value of Tc-MIBI double-phase scintigraphy (DPS) and early SPECT/CT in the pre-surgical assessment of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Also, to calculate the correlation between uptake and some biological parameters.

Material And Methods: Forty patients with PHPT were included: 37 solitary adenomas, 1 hyperplasia, and 2 double adenomas.

HaNDL syndrome: Correlation between focal deficits topography and EEG or SPECT abnormalities in a series of 5 new cases.

Introduction: Transient headache and neurological deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL) is characterised by migraine-like headache episodes accompanied by neurological deficits consisting of motor, sensory, or aphasic symptoms. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) may show focal abnormalities that correspond to the neurological deficits. We aim to evaluate the correlation between focal deficit topography and EEG or SPECT abnormalities in 5 new cases.

Contribution of ¹¹¹In-pentetreotide SPECT/CT imaging to conventional somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the detection of neuroendocrine tumours.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the contribution of 111In-pentetreotide single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging to conventional somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) in terms of lesion characterization and localization in the detection of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs).

Materials And Methods: A total of 107 patients with suspected or confirmed NET underwent SRS and SPECT/CT after the injection of 148-222 MBq of 111In-pentetreotide. SRS and SPECT/CT images were interpreted independently.

[Radioguided surgery in neuroendocrine tumors. A review of the literature].

Radioguided surgery can be a useful technique in the localization of neuroendocrine tumors. It detects more and smaller lesions compared to pre-surgical imaging and intraoperative digital palpation by the surgeon. It detects residual lesions and also indicates the shortest access route to the lesion.

The value of early SPECT/CT and hand-held γ-camera in radio-guided surgery: a case of a hard-to-locate parathyroid adenoma.

A patient with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent radio-guided surgery by means of a γ-probe and a hand-held γ-camera. Before surgery, a parathyroid double-phase planar scintigraphy and an early SPECT/CT with 99mTc-MIBI were performed and suggested an ectopic parathyroid adenoma with early washout. The hand-held γ-camera was very useful for the localization of a parathyroid adenoma, which could not be found with the probe probably due to its faint uptake and to a high blood pool activity because it was localized next to the great vessels.

Recurrent pneumonia due to bronchial carcinoid tumour in a young patient: the role of (111)in-pentetreotide in imaging studies.

Bronchial carcinoid tumours are an uncommon cause of recurrent pneumonia in young patients. Diagnosis is determined from imaging studies, bronchoscopy, and histological confirmation, and treatment is generally surgical. Two cases are reviewed in order to examine the value of (111)In-DTPA-Phe-octreotide ((111)In-pentetreotide) scintigraphy in the pre-surgical evaluation of these patients.

111In-pentetreotide uptake in an ovarian teratoma and impact of SPECT/CT imaging.

We present a 19-year-old woman with a neuroendocrine tumor of the appendix diagnosed during an acute appendicitis. An 111In-pentetreotide scan was performed to establish the extension of the disease. Scintigraphy showed an abnormal focal uptake in the right side of the pelvis.

[Familial paraganglioma syndrome: phenotype and relevance of a new SDHB mutation].

Background And Objective: Advances in molecular biology have discovered new genes involved in the development of familial paraganglioma syndrome (PGL) including those encoding mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase complex (SDH). We describe the diagnosis, clinical expression and genetic counselling in a family diagnosed of PGL due to a new SDHB mutation.

Patients And Method: Genetic study by PCR-direct sequencing SDHB gene and biochemical determination in blood/urine fractionated catecholamine 24h, metanephrines and conventional (computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging) and functional imaging ((123)I-MIBG) in all members of a family diagnosed of PGL.

Evaluation by SPECT-CT of an incidental finding of a thymoma and breast cancer in a myocardial perfusion SPECT with 99mTc-MIBI.

We present a case of a 78-year-old female with effort angina. A myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) showed increased tracer uptake in two synchronic tumor lesions, a thymoma and a breast cancer. This case highlights the contribution of SPECT-CT in the characterization of these findings and its essential role in rapid decision-making.

SPECT-CT in the localization of an ectopic retropharyngeal parathyroid adenoma as a cause for persistent primary hyperparathyroidism.

A common cause for surgical failure of primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is the non-detection of an ectopic adenoma during the intervention. We present a case of a patient with pHPT in whom an ectopic gland was found in the right retropharyngeal space by means of a double phase (99m)Tc-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile ((99m)Tc-MIBI) scintigraphy and early SPECT-CT after several surgeries and imaging tests. The addition of a tomography to the planar scintigraphy increases its sensitivity and improves pathological parathyroid glands localization.

Combination of liquid scintillation counting and passive sampling strategy for the determination of ¹³¹I in air and application to estimate the inhalation dose to the staff of a nuclear medicine service.

(131)I, commonly used in nuclear medicine, can be incorporated into the human body in a variety of chemical and physical forms. This study describes a sensitive method for the determination of (131)I concentration and its application to the estimation of the amount of airborne (131)I inhaled by staff workers of a Nuclear Medicine Department. Our method uses passive sampling with charcoal canisters followed by liquid scintillation counting, a very sensitive technique for the determination of low concentrations of airborne (131)I.

Efficacy of in-vivo counting in parathyroid radioguided surgery and usefulness of its association with scintigraphy and intraoperative PTHi.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of the γ probe, alone and in combination with other techniques, in primary hyperparathyroidism surgery, as well as its ability to distinguish between single-gland and multiple-gland diseases.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-three patients with primary hyperparathyroidism submitted to radioguided parathyroidectomy, with a minimum follow-up of 1 year, were included. A preoperatory scintigraphy with technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile was performed in all cases and the excised specimens were histopathologically examined.

Radioguided surgery of primary hyperparathyroidism in a population with a high prevalence of thyroid pathology.

Purpose: Patients with concomitant thyroid pathology are usually excluded from minimally invasive radioguided parathyroidectomy (MIRP). We assessed the value in these patients of the gamma probe, alone or in combination with other techniques, in MIRP and unilateral or bilateral approaches. We evaluated its performance in association with intraoperative determination of intact parathyroid hormone (ioPTHi) and preoperative (99m)Tc-MIBI dual phase scintigraphy.