Microalgae and cyanobacteria as microbial substrate and their influence on the potential postbiotic capability of a bacterial probiotic.

Postbiotics are metabolic by-products from microorganisms that provide health benefits to the host. Their secretion can be influenced by various conditions affecting bacterial metabolism. This study presents a novel approach for producing potential postbiotics, specifically extracellular products (ECPs), from the probiotic strain Shewanella putrefaciens SpPdp11, grown under different culture conditions.

Microalgal and Cyanobacterial Biomasses Modified the Activity of Extracellular Products from Bacillus pumilus: An In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment.

This study investigates the postbiotic potential of extracellular products (ECPs) from Bacillus pumilus strains cultivated on microalgae-supplemented media. We assessed enzymatic and antimicrobial activities to select ECPs that enhance the digestive processes in gilthead seabream. Additionally, we explored the in vitro enzymatic capacity of the chosen postbiotics to hydrolyze macromolecules in microalgae.

Fractioned-pattern radiation mapping, Part II: assessment.

In Part I, the authors proposed a theoretical background for predicting the radiation distribution in any optical system based on decomposing the emitting source power. Here, we describe the validity of this decomposition through a practical example that uses a radiating source and a single surface optical system. This source is calibrated in a metrology testbed that guarantees its traceability to the candela (cd), the International System (SI) base unit for luminous intensity .

Fractioned-pattern radiation mapping, Part I: modeling.

Here, we present a technique that predicts the radiation's distribution in any optical system. It is based on decomposing the emitting source power by assigning a fraction of the total power to each emitted ray. All kinds of power losses in the rays' optical paths are considered.

Combined Dietary Administration of and Ethanol-Inactivated Modulates Intestinal Microbiota and Gene Expression in .

The use of functional feeds in aquaculture is currently increasing. This study aimed to assess the combined impact of dietary green microalgae and ethanol-inactivated DCF12.2 (CVP diet) on thick-lipped grey mullet () juvenile fish.

Freeform concentrator design for IR wireless-to-fiber link communications.

Airplanes use heavy wired harnesses to provide multimedia services to the seats. Optical wireless communications (OWC) are a natural choice to reduce the amount of weight, reduce the wiring complexity, and avoid possible spurious electromagnetic radiation that risks affecting the airplane's navigation systems. The light's dual use as lighting and optical communications functionalities allows for providing light and multimedia content through the reading lamp.

The recovery of European freshwater biodiversity has come to a halt.

Owing to a long history of anthropogenic pressures, freshwater ecosystems are among the most vulnerable to biodiversity loss. Mitigation measures, including wastewater treatment and hydromorphological restoration, have aimed to improve environmental quality and foster the recovery of freshwater biodiversity. Here, using 1,816 time series of freshwater invertebrate communities collected across 22 European countries between 1968 and 2020, we quantified temporal trends in taxonomic and functional diversity and their responses to environmental pressures and gradients.

In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Ulvan Polysaccharides from .

One of the main bioactive compounds of interest from the species is the sulfated polysaccharide ulvan, which has recently attracted attention for its anticancer properties. This study investigated the cytotoxic activity of ulvan polysaccharides obtained from in the following scenarios: (i) in vitro against healthy and carcinogenic cell lines (1064sk (human fibroblasts), HACAT (immortalized human keratinocytes), U-937 (a human leukemia cell line), G-361 (a human malignant melanoma), and HCT-116 (a colon cancer cell line)) and (ii) in vivo against zebrafish embryos. Ulvan exhibited cytotoxic effects on the three human cancer cell lines tested.

Dietary Effects of a Short-Term Administration of Microalgae Blend on Growth Performance, Tissue Fatty Acids, and Predominant Intestinal Microbiota in .

Given the potential of microalgae as new aquafeed ingredients, this study focuses on using a blend of microalgae, , , and , as a dietary ingredient for feeding juveniles. The growth performance, carcass composition, tissue fatty acid profile, and intestinal microbiota were evaluated after a 30 day-feeding period. A microalgae-free diet was used as control, and three experimental diets were formulated containing 5%, 15%, and 25% of the microalgae blend (MB-5%, MB-15%, and MB-25%, respectively).

Evaluation of the Combined Administration of and in Diets for : Effects on Growth, Metabolism, and Digestive Functionality.

This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of dietary and ethanol-inactivated DCF12.2 (C + V diet) in juveniles, highlighting their nutritional, physiological, and morphological effects. The results showed that the combined dietary inclusion of and significantly enhanced growth performance and feed utilization compared to the control group.

Molecular Diversity and Biochemical Content in Two Invasive Alien Species: Looking for Chemical Similarities and Bioactivities.

The biochemical composition, molecular diversity, and two different bioactivities of and (two alien species with different invasive patterns in the southern Iberian Peninsula) were analyzed through spectrophotometric methods and Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectroscopy (FT-ICR-MS). A total of 3042 molecular formulas were identified from the different extracts. The HO extracts were the most molecularly different.

β-Endorphins are not responsible for delayed gastric emptying of digestible solids after exercise in professional cyclists. A preliminary study.

Objective: It has been reported that professional cyclists had an accelerated solid gastric emptying which decreased by increasing the exercise intensity. That could be explained by a predominance of stress-dependent motility inhibitors such gastrointestinal hormones, neurotransmitters and or the predominance of the gastric inhibitory vagal motor circuit. The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the role of β-endorphins, inhibitors of gastric motility, in these findings.

Therapeutic approach of esophageal bezoar due to enteral feed.

Enteral feed bezoars are a rare and difficult to treat complication of enteral feeding. In our case, we report the case of a young man with prolonged admission at the intensive care unit; who requires enteral nutrition. This doesn't run properly after a week; which is why we performed an endoscopy with the finding of an esophageal bezoar that didn't respond to endoscopic treatment at first; being finallay resolved with a second endoscopic therapy after treatment with solvent substances.

On-axis diffraction-limited bi-conical lenses.

A diffraction-limited lens having both surfaces conic is shown. The analytical and numerical calculation for all possible solutions of the conical front and back surfaces is presented. Object and image distances, lens thickness, and refractive index are prescribed.

Microbiota composition and intestinal integrity remain unaltered after the inclusion of hydrolysed Nannochloropsis gaditana in Sparus aurata diet.

The use of lysed microalgae in the diet of carnivorous fish can increase the bioavailability of proteins and bioactive compounds, such as unsaturated fatty acids or vitamins in the digestive tract. These are essential molecules for the proper physiological development of fish in aquaculture. However, some antinutritional components and other undesirable molecules can be released from an excess of microalgae supplied, compromising the integrity of the intestine.

Cultivated and Wild Juvenile Thick-Lipped Grey Mullet, : A Comparison from a Nutritional Point of View.

The thick-lipped grey mullet () is a nominee fish species for aquaculture diversification in Spain because it is an omnivore and euryhaline species, but limited knowledge about the nutritional attributes of this species is available. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of wild and cultured fish. The muscle proximate composition, and fatty acid and amino acid profiles were assessed.

Is gastroparesis that is often detected in patients with alcoholic chronic liver disease a manifestation of an autonomic dysfunction syndrome? A preliminary study.

Background: the autonomic dysfunction defines the neuropathy of the autonomic nervous system. The prevalence of the gastric dysmotility and its relationship with the autonomic dysfunction in patients with alcohol chronic liver disease is not well known.

Methods: thirty-six patients with alcohol chronic liver disease and 25 healthy controls were evaluated, in order to detect an autonomic dysfunction through different cardiovascular reflexes and gastric emptying tests.

Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects on Tumor Cells of Exopolysaccharides From (Kylin) Butcher Grown Under Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Conditions.

Marine microalgae produce extracellular metabolites such as exopolysaccharides (EPS) with potentially beneficial biological applications to human health, especially antioxidant and antitumor properties, which can be increased with changes in crop trophic conditions. This study aimed to develop the autotrophic and heterotrophic culture of (Kylin) Butcher in order to increase EPS production and to characterize its antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effects on tumor cells. The adaptation of autotrophic to heterotrophic culture was carried out by progressively reducing the photoperiod and adding glucose.

Biodiversity policy beyond economic growth.

Increasing evidence-synthesized in this paper-shows that economic growth contributes to biodiversity loss via greater resource consumption and higher emissions. Nonetheless, a review of international biodiversity and sustainability policies shows that the majority advocate economic growth. Since improvements in resource use efficiency have so far not allowed for absolute global reductions in resource use and pollution, we question the support for economic growth in these policies, where inadequate attention is paid to the question of how growth can be decoupled from biodiversity loss.

General formula to design a freeform singlet free of spherical aberration and astigmatism: comment.

In their paper [Appl. Opt.58, 1010 (2019)APOPAI0003-693510.