GOECP/SEOR radiotheraphy guidelines for non-small-cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease accounting for approximately 85% of all lung cancers. Only 17% of patients are diagnosed at an early stage. Treatment is multidisciplinary and radiotherapy plays a key role in all stages of the disease.

Novel Regioselective Synthesis of Urolithin Glucuronides─Human Gut Microbiota Cometabolites of Ellagitannins and Ellagic Acid.

Urolithins (dibenzo-pyran-[,]-6 one derivatives) are human gut microbiota metabolites produced from the natural food antioxidant ellagic acid. Urolithins are better absorbed than ellagic acid and demonstrate biological activities that suggest that they are responsible for the health effects observed after consuming ellagitannin- and ellagic acid-containing foods. Urolithins occur in the systemic circulation as glucuronide conjugates following phase II metabolism.

Quantitative assessment of macular and circumpapillary retinal vessel density across all stages of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Purpose: To investigate the macular and circumpapillary retinal microvasculature across all stages of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional, observational study analysed a total of 119 eyes of 60 patients with molecularly confirmed LHON across all stages and 120 eyes of 60 control subjects. Optical coherence tomography angiography maps centred on the fovea and optic disc were obtained to measure vessel densities (VDs) in the macular superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses, and the radial peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP) respectively.

Application of the Intraoral Scanner in the Diagnosis of Dental Wear: An In Vivo Study of Tooth Wear Analysis.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of dental wear; thus, an early diagnosis is important. Conventional methods of diagnosis are based primarily on the visual abilities of the dentist, and therefore the use of new technologies for the detection of dental wear may be very useful. The aim of the study was to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of the intraoral scanner for measuring dental wear, as well as to evaluate patients' satisfaction with the use of the scanner.

Use of Cocktail of Bacteriophage for Typhimurium Control in Chicken Meat.

Foodborne diseases are extremely relevant and constitute an area of alert for public health authorities due to the high impact and number of people affected each year. The food industry has implemented microbiological control plans that ensure the quality and safety of its products; however, due to the high prevalence of foodborne diseases, the industry requires new microbiological control systems. One of the main causative agents of diseases transmitted by poultry meat is the bacterium .

A Structural Perspective on Calprotectin as a Ligand of Receptors Mediating Inflammation and Potential Drug Target.

Calprotectin, a heterodimer of S100A8 and S100A9 EF-hand calcium-binding proteins, is an integral part of the innate immune response. Calprotectin (CP) serves as a ligand for several pattern recognition cell surface receptors including the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33). The receptors initiate kinase signaling cascades that activate inflammation through the NF-kB pathway.

Assessing Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) for Evaluation of Population Age Structure.

Given that older (L.) mosquitoes typically pose the greatest risk of pathogen transmission, the capacity to age grade wild mosquito populations would be a valuable tool in monitoring the potential risk of arboviral transmission. Here, we compared the effectiveness of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to age grade field-collected with two alternative techniques-parity analysis and transcript abundance of the age-associated gene .

Metformin Treatment Regulates the Expression of Molecules Involved in Adiponectin and Insulin Signaling Pathways in Endometria from Women with Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance and PCOS.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine/metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance (IR) and obesity. Endometria from women with PCOS present failures in insulin action, glucose uptake and signaling of insulin-sensitizing molecules, such as adiponectin, with consequences for reproduction. Metformin (MTF) treatment improves insulin signaling in endometrial tissues, but its mechanism is not fully understood.

Per-Anal Endoscopic Myotomy as Rescue Therapy for Hirschsprung Disease After Unsuccessful Surgical Myectomy.

Hirschsprung disease (HD) may affect short, ultrashort, or long segments of the rectum. Invasive endoscopy has gained popularity in its treatment. We report a case of a 9-year-old girl diagnosed with HD at 4-year-old, at which time she underwent a myectomy.

Prospective associations between a priori dietary patterns adherence and kidney function in an elderly Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.

Purpose: To assess the association between three different a priori dietary patterns adherence (17-item energy reduced-Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), Trichopoulou-MedDiet and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH)), as well as the Protein Diet Score and kidney function decline after one year of follow-up in elderly individuals with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: We prospectively analyzed 5675 participants (55-75 years) from the PREDIMED-Plus study. At baseline and at one year, we evaluated the creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and food-frequency questionnaires-derived dietary scores.

Circulating Monocyte-Like Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells and CD16 Positive Monocytes Correlate With Immunological Responsiveness of Tuberculosis Patients.

Alterations of myeloid cell populations have been reported in patients with tuberculosis (TB). In this work, we studied the relationship between myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and monocytes subsets with the immunological responsiveness of TB patients. Individuals with active TB were classified as low responders (LR-TB) or high responders (HR-TB) according to their T cell responses against a cell lysate of (-Ag).

Colorectal cancer screening and surveillance in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in 2021.

The detection of dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to be important given the increased risk of colorectal cancer in this population. Therefore, in 2017, we performed a review and update of the recommendations for the management and follow-up of patients with IBD based on the clinical practice guidelines of various scientific societies. The present manuscript focuses on new aspects of the detection, follow-up, and management of dysplasia according to the latest studies and recommendations.

Engineered nanoparticles enable deep proteomics studies at scale by leveraging tunable nano-bio interactions.

SignificanceDeep profiling of the plasma proteome at scale has been a challenge for traditional approaches. We achieve superior performance across the dimensions of precision, depth, and throughput using a panel of surface-functionalized superparamagnetic nanoparticles in comparison to conventional workflows for deep proteomics interrogation. Our automated workflow leverages competitive nanoparticle-protein binding equilibria that quantitatively compress the large dynamic range of proteomes to an accessible scale.

Salmonella Salamae and S. Waycross isolated from Nile perch in Lake Victoria show limited human pathogenic potential.

Non-enterica subspecies of Salmonella enterica are rarely associated with human infections. Paradoxically, food safety legislations consider the entire genus Salmonella as pathogenic to humans. Globally, large amounts of seafoods are rejected and wasted due to findings of Salmonella.

"Omics" Technologies - What Have They Told Us About Uropathogenic Fitness and Virulence During Urinary Tract Infection?

Uropathogenic (UPEC) is the main etiological agent of urinary tract infection (UTI), a widespread infectious disease of great impact on human health. This is further emphasized by the rapidly increase in antimicrobial resistance in UPEC, which compromises UTI treatment. UPEC biology is highly complex since uropathogens must adopt extracellular and intracellular lifestyles and adapt to different niches in the host.

Seizure activity triggers tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloidogenic pathways.

Objective: Although epilepsies and neurodegenerative disorders show pathophysiological similarities, their direct functional associations are unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that experimental seizures can induce tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloidogenic modifications over time, with intersections with neuroinflammation.

Methods: We used a model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) where unilateral intrahippocampal injection of kainic acid (KA) in C57BL/6 mice elicits epileptogenesis and spontaneous focal seizures.

Glycemic Control and Clinical Outcomes in U.S. Patients With COVID-19: Data From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) Database.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the relationship between HbA1c and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with acute COVID-19 infection.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using observational data from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), a longitudinal, multicenter U.S.

Comparing body mass index and obesity-related comorbidities as predictors in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

The association between body mass index (BMI) and poor COVID-19 outcomes in patients has been demonstrated across numerous studies. However, obesity-related comorbidities have also been shown to be associated with poor outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether BMI or obesity-associated comorbidities contribute to elevated COVID-19 severity in non-elderly, hospitalized patients with elevated BMI (≥25 kg/m ).

Small extracellular vesicle-mediated siRNA delivery downregulates the αVβ6 integrin and inhibits adhesion and migration of recipient prostate cancer cells.

The αVβ6 integrin, an epithelial-specific cell surface receptor absent in normal prostate and expressed during prostate cancer (PrCa) progression, is a therapeutic target in many cancers. Here, we report that transcript levels of (encoding the β6 integrin subunit) are significantly increased in metastatic castrate-resistant androgen receptor-negative prostate tumors compared to androgen receptor-positive prostate tumors. In addition, the αVβ6 integrin protein levels are significantly elevated in androgen receptor-negative PrCa patient derived xenografts (PDXs) compared to androgen receptor-positive PDXs.