Differential diagnosis in immune checkpoint inhibitors neurotoxicity.

Background: Neurologic symptoms seen in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) may not be entirely caused by immunotoxicity. We aim to highlight these confounding conditions through clinical cases to encourage early recognition and management.

Methods: We describe a series of seven cases from our institution that were treated with ICI and presented with Neurologic symptoms and were diagnosed with superimposed conditions beyond immunotoxicity.

Intraoperative liquid biopsy as a tool for detecting R1 resection during pancreatoduodenectomy in patients with pancreatic carcinoma: the CETUPANC trial (part II).

Introduction: A positive surgical margin (R1 resection) is a relevant risk factor for local recurrence in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (PDAC). An intraoperative liquid biopsy (ILB) based on tumor cell mobilization could help to detect R1 resection intraoperatively.

Objective: To evaluate the potential role of the intraoperative circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cluster mobilization on the R0/R1 detection.

Clinical-grade extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells: preclinical development and first-in-human intra-articular validation as therapeutics for knee osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degradation. Persistent low-grade inflammation defines OA pathogenesis, with crucial involvement of pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages. While mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and their small extracellular vesicles (sEV) hold promise for OA treatment, achieving consistent clinical-grade sEV products remains a significant challenge.

Preventive Effects of Resistance Training on Hemodynamics and Kidney Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Function in Ovariectomized Rats.

Menopause occurs due to the depletion of the ovarian reserve, leading to a progressive decline in estrogen (E2) levels. This decrease in E2 levels increases the risk of developing several diseases and can coexist with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Arterial hypertension (AH) is another condition associated with menopause and may either contribute to or result from CKD.

Analysis of Electrical Conductivity in Commercial Adhesives Incorporating Graphene Nanoplatelets for Industrial Applications.

Polymers are often insulators, but this not a universal intrinsic characteristic of all polymers. For this work, the adhesives used, epoxy and polyurethane, do demonstrate this insulating characteristic. However, there has been significant interest in the development of conductive polymers, specifically adhesives, because of the potential properties and ease of processing of these polymers.

Emerging carbapenem-resistant in a tertiary care hospital in Lima, Peru.

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) poses a significant public health threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with limited surveillance and treatment options. This study examines the genetic diversity, resistance patterns, and transmission dynamics of 66 CRKP isolates recovered over 5 years (2015-2019) after the first case of CRKP was identified at a tertiary care hospital in Lima, Peru. Our findings reveal a shift from to as the dominant carbapenemase gene after 2017.

Comparing Patient-Specific Variations in Intra-Cochlear Neural Health Estimated Using Psychophysical Thresholds and Panoramic Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potentials (PECAPs).

Purpose: Variations in neural survival along the cochlear implant electrode array leads to off-place listening, resulting in poorer speech understanding outcomes for recipients. Therefore, it is important to develop and compare clinically viable tests to identify these patient-specific intra-cochlear neural differences.

Methods: Nineteen experienced cochlear implant recipients (9 males and 10 females) were recruited for this study.

Mitochondrial Genomes of Mammals from the Brazilian Cerrado and Phylogenetic Considerations for the Orders Artiodactyla, Carnivora, and Chiroptera (Chordata: Mammalia).

We assembled and annotated the complete mitochondrial genomes of (hoary fox), (bush dog), (white-lipped peccary), and (Brazilian free-tailed bat). The mitogenomes exhibited typical vertebrate structures, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a D-loop region. Phylogenetic reconstruction using the 13 protein-coding genes revealed robust relationships among species within Carnivora, Chiroptera, and Artiodactyla, corroborating previous studies.

Mobile Application for Tracking Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Content Validation and Usability.

Background: This study aims to validate the content and evaluate the usability of the Autism App for screening children with autism spectrum disorder.

Methods: This methodological study was conducted between August 2023 and March 2024. The study included 15 experts for content validation and nine for usability evaluation, all of whom had experience in the health/technology field.

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Versus Cervical Corpectomy With Iliac Crest Graft and Fusion in Multilevel Degenerative Myelopathy: A Single Center Experience.

Study Design: Cohort retrospective study.

Objective: We evaluated and compared the outcomes of anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (CDF) and anterior cervical corpectomy with iliac crest graft and fusion (CCF) in patients with ≥3 level degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).

Background: Anterior and posterior approaches are widely employed in DCM when compressive elements predominate in the anterior or posterior spinal cord, respectively.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Liver Transplant: How Are We Now?

Background: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 emerged as a new variant of concern, characterized by high transmissibility and lower severity compared with previous variants, and became the majority variant in the sixth wave in Spain. This study aims to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on liver transplant recipients (LTRs) during 2023 in the population of Cantabria.

Methods: The study included 295 LTRs undergoing follow-up at the Liver Transplant Unit of the Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital.

Deciphering antioxidant interactions via data mining and RDKit.

Minimizing the oxidation of lipids remains one of the most important challenges to extend the shelf-life of food products and reduce food waste. While most consumer products contain antioxidants, the most efficient strategy is to incorporate combinations of two or more compounds, boosting the total antioxidant capacity. Unfortunately, the reasons for observing synergistic / antagonistic / additive effects in food samples are still unclear, and it is common to observe very different responses even for similar mixtures.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Combining digital imaging and quantum dots for analytical purposes.

This review provides a critical assessment of the most recent advances in digital imaging (DI) methods, applied for the development of analytical methodologies combining quantum dots (QDs). The state-of-the-art, treatment of data, instrumental considerations, software, sensing approaches, and optimization of the resulting methods are reported. Applications of the technology for the analysis of food and beverages, biomedically relevant analytes, drugs, environmental samples and forensic samples are also discussed.

Mechanism of oxygen reduction chemical affinity in NiO/SiO interfaces irradiated with keV energy hydrogen and helium ions for heterostructure fabrication.

Low-energy light ion beams are an essential resource in lithography for nanopatterning magnetic materials and interfaces due to their ability to modify the structure and properties of metamaterials. Here we create ferromagnetic/non-ferromagnetic heterostructures with a controlled layer thickness and nanometer-scale precision. For this, hydrogen ion (H) irradiation is used to reduce the antiferromagnetic nickel oxide (NiO) layer into ferromagnetic Ni with lower fluence than in the case of helium ion (He) irradiation.

Mineral Scaling in 3D Interfacial Solar Evaporators─A Challenge for Brine Treatment and Lithium Recovery.

In this work, we analyzed the effects of mineral scaling on the performance of a 3D interfacial solar evaporator, with a focus on the cations relevant to lithium recovery from brackish water. The field has been rapidly moving toward resource recovery applications from brines with higher cation concentrations. However, the potential complications caused by common minerals in these brines other than NaCl have been largely overlooked.

Unsymmetric hydroxylamine and hydrazine BAM15 derivatives as potent mitochondrial uncouplers.

Chemical mitochondrial uncouplers are protonophoric, lipophilic small molecules that transport protons from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the matrix independent of ATP synthase, thus uncoupling nutrient oxidation from ATP production. Our previous work identified BAM15 (IC 0.27 μM) as a potent and efficacious mitochondrial uncoupler with potential for obesity treatment.

Advancement in medical report generation: current practices, challenges, and future directions.

The correct analysis of medical images requires the medical knowledge and expertise of radiologists to understand, clarify, and explain complex patterns and diagnose diseases. After analyzing, radiologists write detailed and well-structured reports that contribute to the precise and timely diagnosis of patients. However, manually writing reports is often expensive and time-consuming, and it is difficult for radiologists to analyze medical images, particularly images with multiple views and perceptions.

Intranasal influenza-vectored vaccine expressing pneumococcal surface protein A protects against Influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections.

Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza A virus (IAV) are significant agents of pneumonia cases and severe respiratory infections globally. Secondary bacterial infections, particularly by Streptococcus pneumoniae, are common in IAV-infected individuals, leading to critical outcomes. Despite reducing mortality, pneumococcal vaccines have high production costs and are serotype specific.

Impact of conventional and innovative processing conditions on organoleptic and nutritional properties of applesauce from organic and conventional production systems.

The impact of cultivar and production system was studied over two years on organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of apple fruits and then, on purees processed with both conventional convection cooking under vacuum and fast innovative microwave cooking. The main factors affecting the content and composition of sugars, organic acids, volatiles, polyphenols, and fibre were in the decreasing order, cultivar, year, and production system. Regarding processing, the fast innovative microwave cooking led to puree with a higher viscosity but with a lower polyphenol content compared to the convection cooking.

Radiofrequency Ablation for Solitary Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Multicenter Study from Latin America.

Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) represent ∼5% of all thyroid nodules and often necessitate definitive treatments such as surgery or radioiodine (I), both of which have inherent risks. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as an effective and safe therapeutic option for managing AFTNs. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of RFA for solitary AFTNs in various countries across Latin America.

Percolative phase transition in few-layered MoSe field-effect transistors using Co and Cr contacts.

The metal-to-insulator phase transition (MIT) in two-dimensional (2D) materials under the influence of a gating electric field has revealed interesting electronic behavior and the need for a deeper fundamental understanding of electron transport processes, while attracting much interest in the development of next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. Although the mechanism of the MIT in 2D semiconductors is a topic under debate in condensed matter physics, our work demonstrates the tunable percolative phase transition in few-layered MoSe field-effect transistors (FETs) using different metallic contact materials. Here, we attempted to understand the MIT through temperature-dependent electronic transport measurements by tuning the carrier density in a MoSe channel under the influence of an applied gate voltage.

Beta cells are essential drivers of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development.

Pancreatic endocrine-exocrine crosstalk plays a key role in normal physiology and disease. For instance, endocrine islet beta (β) cell secretion of insulin or cholecystokinin (CCK) promotes progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), an exocrine cell-derived tumor. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern endocrine-exocrine signaling in tumorigenesis remain incompletely understood.