The Neural Signatures of Shame, Embarrassment, and Guilt: A Voxel-Based Meta-Analysis on Functional Neuroimaging Studies.

Self-conscious emotions, such as shame and guilt, play a fundamental role in regulating moral behaviour and in promoting the welfare of society. Despite their relevance, the neural bases of these emotions are uncertain. In the present meta-analysis, we performed a systematic literature review in order to single out functional neuroimaging studies on healthy individuals specifically investigating the neural substrates of shame, embarrassment, and guilt.

Machine learning for predicting opioid use disorder from healthcare data: A systematic review.

Introduction: The US opioid epidemic has been one of the leading causes of injury-related deaths according to the CDC Injury Center. The increasing availability of data and tools for machine learning (ML) resulted in more researchers creating datasets and models to help analyze and mitigate the crisis. This review investigates peer-reviewed journal papers that applied ML models to predict opioid use disorder (OUD).

Glycation-Driven Inflammation: COVID-19 Severity in Pregnant Women and Perinatal Outcomes.

The link between being pregnant and overweight or obese and the infectivity and virulence of the SARS CoV-2 virus is likely to be caused by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein glycosylation, which may work as a glycan shield. Methylglyoxal (MGO), an important advanced glycation end-product (AGE), and glycated albumin (GA) are the results of poor subclinical glucose metabolism and are indices of oxidative stress. Forty-one consecutive cases of SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant patients comprising 25% pre-pregnancy overweight women and 25% obese women were recruited.

Sickness absenteeism of Primary Health Care professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: to identify the frequency of occurrence of sickness absenteeism, according to the profile of Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals, and verify if there was an impact of the pandemic on absence duration and reason.

Methods: a cross-sectional study, from January/2019 to December/2020, with PHC professionals from a municipality in northeastern São Paulo. Descriptive statistics were performed, with frequency calculation.

Malocclusion and its relationship with oral health-related quality of life in patients with eating disorders.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of malocclusion and its impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and self-reported satisfaction of patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa.

Methods: The sample consisted of sixty women who attended a specialized mental health clinic of a Brazilian medical school. Participants were distributed into two groups: patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa (ABN; n=30) and control patients without eating disorders (CN; n=30).

Assessing Methods and Tools to Improve Reporting, Increase Transparency, and Reduce Failures in Machine Learning Applications in Health Care.

Artificial intelligence applications for health care have come a long way. Despite the remarkable progress, there are several examples of unfulfilled promises and outright failures. There is still a struggle to translate successful research into successful real-world applications.

Effect of resistance training on osteopenic rat bones in neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetes: Analysis of GLUT4 content and biochemical, biomechanical, densitometric, and microstructural evaluation.

Aims: To investigate the effect of resistance training-RT on glycemia, expression of the glucose transporter-GLUT4, bone mineral density-BMD, and microstructural and biomechanical properties of osteopenic rat bones in neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

Main Methods: Sixty-four 5-day-old male rats were divided into two groups: control and diabetic rats injected with vehicle or streptozotocin, respectively. After 55 days, densitometric analysis-DA of the tibia was performed.

The representation of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B in the dentistry context.

Introduction: HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B are diseases with major epidemiological and social impacts, with important effects in the dentistry context. This study aimed to compare the knowledge, presence, and manifestation of discriminatory and stigmatizing acts of dental surgeons, dental assistants, and dental students concerning social representations of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B.

Methodology: This cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out in Brazil with primary health care dental surgeons (n = 219) and dental assistants (n = 152) in 40 municipalities and dental students of a public university (n = 179).

Knowledge and attitude of women with high-risk pregnancy about the Zika virus transmission.

Objective was to analyze the knowledge and attitude of high risk pregnant women about zika. This is a cross-sectional study, quantitative, with a sample of 201 high risk women who perform prenatal the Ambulatory Medical Specialties. A self-administered instrument, was applied after consultation with the doctor.

[Auditory alterations and student knowledge and perception on noise at a dental teaching clinic].

Objective: To identify auditory alterations in dentistry students and evaluate the level of knowledge in relation to noise-induced hearing loss.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional study. Surveys applied to third-year students of the day school, and fourth-year students of the night stomatology school.

Characterization of the self-perception of oral health in the Brazilian adult population.

This article aims to perform an analysis of the factors that determine the self-perception of oral health of Brazilians, based on a multidimensional methodology basis. This is a cross-sectional study with data from a national survey. A household interview was conducted with a sample of 60,202 adults.

Oral health and quality of life of pregnant women: the influence of sociodemographic factors.

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic factors and the impact on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHR-QoL) in Brazilian pregnant women users of the Unified Health System. This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study developed with pregnant women living in two regions with different sociodemographic characteristics. In total, 1,777 puerperae were interviewed.

Impact of Saharan Dust on Severe Small for Gestational Births in the Caribbean.

Desert dust transported from the Sahara to the Caribbean generates peak exposures to particulate matter ≤ 10 μm (PM). We investigated the impact of dust episodes on severe small for gestational-age births in Guadeloupe. The study sample consisted of 911 pregnant women enrolled in the Timoun mother-child cohort.

Dental auxiliary hepatitis B immunization: a cross-sectional study in the São Paulo state public health system, Brazil, 2018.

Objective: to investigate dental auxiliaries (DA) hepatitis B immunization in Brazilian National Health System (SUS) services in nine cities in São Paulo State, Brazil, in 2018.

Methods: this was a cross-sectional study based on interviews using a questionnaire as well as evaluation of immunity using the anti-HBs test, evaluation of prior testing, test result and interpretation and guidance provided about hepatitis B.

Results: of the 70 registered DA, 35 completed the course of vaccinations, 29 had negative anti-HBs test results, 16 had tested previously, and 43 did not correctly understand their result; there was association (p=0.

Periodontal condition, changes in salivary biochemical parameters, and oral health-related quality of life in patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa.

Background: Anorexia and bulimia nervosa can have significant effects on oral health. Assessment of enzyme concentrations in saliva can be useful for obtaining information on molecular biomarkers for the prevention, monitoring, and diagnosis of oral diseases. This study investigated the periodontal condition, changes in salivary biochemical parameters, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa.

Caries Experience in Preschool Children over a 10-year Period.

Purpose: To analyse the caries experience in preschool children at two moments 10 years apart.

Materials And Methods: Two cross-sectional epidemiological studies, the first in 2006 (n = 275) and the second in 2016 (n = 258), were carried out with samples composed of children from 3 to 6 years of age. All children were enrolled in the municipal schools of basic education of a municipality in northwest São Paulo state, and they attended an annual and continuous oral health education programme.

The relationship between oral health-related quality of life, the need for orthodontic treatment and bullying, among Brazilian teenagers.

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment aims at oral health and restoration of function as main objectives, however, psychological and social effects end up being the main reason for the demand for treatment.

Objective: To determine the association between the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), the need for orthodontic treatment and bullying among Brazilian teenagers.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study.

Hepatitis B Immunization Analysis: Tracking of Antibody Levels among Dental Patients.

Aim: To verify the immunization status of dental students against HBV using an immunochromatographic rapid test and explore its associated protective and preventive effects against the disease.

Material And Methods: This transversal epidemiological study was conducted in a public dental school in Brazil. A total of 263 dental students who were at clinical practice were invited to participate in the study.

Reemerging diseases in Brazil: sociodemographic and epidemiological characteristics of syphilis and its under-reporting.

Introduction: This paper analyzed sociodemographic and epidemiological data of individuals with syphilis as well as the compulsory reporting of the disease, for being a reemerging disease in Brazil.

Methods: General information and sociodemographic, epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data were verified in compulsory reporting.

Results: From 2010 to 2016, 157 reporting forms were explored.