Comprehensive Literature Search to Identify Assessment Tools for Operating Room Nontechnical Skills to Determine Common Critical Components.

Background: Effective use of nontechnical skills (NTS) contributes to the provision of safe, quality care in the fast-paced, dynamic setting of the operating room (OR). Inter-professional education of NTS to OR team members can improve performance. Such training requires the accurate measurement of NTS in order to identify gaps in their utilization by OR teams.

Improvement in student-led debriefing analysis after simulation-based team training using a revised teamwork assessment tool.

Background: Team debriefing is an important teamwork development intervention for improving team outputs in healthcare. Debriefing is a key component of experiential team training teamwork development interventions such as simulation-based training. Improving the quality of debriefing of healthcare teams, therefore, has multiple benefits.

Brick in the wall? Linking quality of debriefing to participant learning in team training of interprofessional students.

Background: The evidence for the conventional wisdom that debriefing quality determines the effectiveness of learning in simulation-based training is lacking. We investigated whether the quality of debriefing in using simulation-based training in team training correlated with the degree of learning of participants.

Methods: Forty-two teams of medical and undergraduate nursing students participated in simulation-based training sessions using a two-scenario format with after-action debriefing.

Qualitative Analysis of Effective Teamwork in the Operating Room (OR).

Objective: To conduct focus group interviews with operating room (OR) personnel to determine components of effective teamwork to inform a revision of a teamwork assessment instrument.

Design: Qualitative research study targeting OR personnel using semi-structured focus group interviews of interprofessional OR personnel. Responses were digitally recorded and transcribed.

Effect of intrathecal morphine plus patient-controlled analgesia with morphine versus patient-controlled analgesia with morphine alone on total morphine dose 24 hours post-surgery: a systematic review.

Objective: The objective of this review was to evaluate the effects of preoperative intrathecal morphine (ITM) in addition to patient-controlled analgesia with morphine (PCAM) versus PCAM without preoperative ITM on total morphine dose in the first 24 hours postoperatively in adult patients undergoing abdominal or thoracic surgery.

Introduction: Postoperative pain is a significant problem for patients undergoing major abdominal and thoracic surgery. Intrathecal morphine can reduce postoperative pain and reduce intravenous (IV) morphine requirements during the first 24 hours after surgery; however, the amount of IV morphine dose reduction achieved has not been well established.

Moving Along: Team Training for Emergency Room Trauma Transfers (TERT).

Objectives: To determine whether high fidelity simulation-based training (SBT) of interprofessional teams involving trauma transfers has an immediate impact on participants' team-based attitudes and behaviors.

Design: A quasi-experimental, pre-/postintervention comparison design examined high fidelity SBT of inter-professional teams using a 2 scenario format with immediate after action structured debriefing. Pre-/postsession Readiness for Inter-Professional Learning Scale (RIPLS, 19 items, Likert-type) surveys as well as Interprofessional Teamwork (IPT, 15 items, Likert-type) questionnaires, and postscenario participant- and observer-rated Teamwork Assessment Scales (TAS, 3 subscales, 11 items, Likert-type) were completed during each training session.

Quality with quantity? Evaluating interprofessional faculty prebriefs and debriefs for simulation training using video.

Background: High-fidelity simulation-based training is used increasingly for prelicensure student teams. Such sessions rely on faculty who are able to provide quality prebriefing and debriefing to foster learning among participants. We investigated how well faculty conducted prebriefing and debriefing as part of high-fidelity simulation-based training for interprofessional education.

eAssessment: development of an electronic version of the Objective Structured Assessment of Debriefing tool to streamline evaluation of video recorded debriefings.

Objective: The Objective Structured Assessment of Debriefing (OSAD) is an evidence-based, 8-item tool that uses a behaviorally anchored rating scale in paper-based form to evaluate the quality of debriefing in medical education. The objective of this project was twofold: 1) to create an easy-to-use electronic format of the OSAD (eOSAD) in order to streamline data entry; and 2) to pilot its use on videoed debriefings.

Materials And Methods: The eOSAD was developed in collaboration with the LSU Health New Orleans Epidemiology Data Center using SurveyGizmo (Widgix Software, LLC, Boulder, CO, USA) software.

Examining interprofessional learning perceptions among students in a simulation-based operating room team training experience.

High-fidelity simulation (HFS) operating room (OR) inter-professional team training improves healthcare students' team-based attitudes and behaviours. Such improvements can diminish tribalism among the professions in the OR by overcoming entrenched perceptions of team members. We investigated whether simulation-based interprofessional student OR team training impacts students differently based on their professional background.

Effects of preoperative intrathecal morphine on postoperative intravenous morphine dosage: a systematic review protocol.

The purpose of this systematic review is to describe the effect of preoperative intrathecal morphine (ITM) on postoperative intravenous (IV) morphine dosage during the first postoperative day. This systematic review will compare the postoperative IV morphine dosage of patients receiving ITM plus morphine morphine-based patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), to patients receiving PCA morphine without ITM. This will establish the magnitude of the postoperative morphine sparing effect of ITM.

Team Training of Inter-Professional Students (TTIPS) for improving teamwork.

Objective: In surgery, dysfunctional teamwork is perpetuated by a 'silo' mentality modelled by students. Interprofessional education using high-fidelity simulation-based training (SBT) may counteract such modelling. We sought to determine whether SBT of interprofessional student teams (1) changes long-term teamwork attitudes and (2) is an effective form of team training.

Opportunistic Fungal Infections in Critical Care Units.

Fungal infections are rare compared with bacterial infections, but they are on the increase in critical care units. Diagnosis can be difficult, resulting in increased mortality. Immunocompromised patients are at higher risk for fungal infections, including organ transplant, oncology, and HIV/AIDS patients.

Effectiveness of positive end-expiratory pressure, decreased fraction of inspired oxygen and vital capacity recruitment maneuver in the prevention of pulmonary atelectasis in patients undergoing general anesthesia: a systematic review.

Background: General anesthesia causes impairment of gas exchange in the lungs that results in decreased oxygenation of the blood; atelectasis is the principle cause of this impaired gas exchange. Anesthesia delivery varies between providers and there is no standard practice to decrease the incidence of postoperative atelectasis.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of three identified interventions, either individually or combined, in the development of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis in patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Using Simulation in Interprofessional Education.

Simulation-based training (SBT) is a powerful educational tool permitting the acquisition of surgical knowledge, skills, and attitudes at both the individual- and team-based level in a safe, nonthreatening learning environment at no risk to a patient. Interprofessional education (IPE), in which participants from 2 or more health or social care professions learn interactively, can help improve patient care through the promotion of efficient coordination, dissemination of advances in care across specialties and professions, and optimization of individual- and team-based function. Nonetheless, conducting SBT IPE sessions poses several tactical and strategic challenges that must be effectively overcome to reap IPE's benefits.

Student perceptions about interprofessional education after an elective course.

A growing body of evidence indicates interprofessional collaborative practice improves patient care. With this in mind, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center formally committed to expanding interprofessional education (IPE) initiatives. Thirty-eight self-selected students enrolled in an IPE elective course during the fall of 2012.

Interprofessional teamwork among students in simulated codes: a quasi-experimental study.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of using crisis resource management (CRM) principles and high-fidelity human patient simulation (HFHPS) for interprofessional (IP) team training of students from undergraduate nursing, nurse anesthesia, medical, and respiratory therapy.

Background: IP education using simulation-based training has the potential to transform education by improving teamwork and communication and breaking down silos in education.

Method: This one-year study used a quasi-experimental design to evaluate students' acquisition and retention of teamwork and communication skills.

Getting a head start: high-fidelity, simulation-based operating room team training of interprofessional students.

Background: Effective teamwork in the operating room (OR) is often undermined by the "silo mentality" of the differing professions. Such thinking is formed early in one's professional experience and is fostered by undergraduate medical and nursing curricula lacking interprofessional education. We investigated the immediate impact of conducting interprofessional student OR team training using high-fidelity simulation (HFS) on students' team-related attitudes and behaviors.

Factors influencing intent to stay in academia for nursing faculty in the southern United States of America.

The current nursing faculty shortage makes understanding intent to stay in academia a step toward slowing the exodus of faculty. The purpose of this study was to discover a parsimonious set of predictor variables from the variables of job satisfaction, mentoring, organizational commitment, and leadership behaviors for intent to stay in nursing education. A random cluster sample consisted of 39 schools of nursing in states within the Southern Regional Education Board (SREB).

Creating a positive surgical experience for patients.

Perioperative nurses strive to provide a positive surgical environment and, thus, a positive surgical experience for all patients. Blending traditional medicine with complementary therapies is one way to accomplish this task. This article presents a brief review of literature about traditional and complementary interventions used successfully in health care settings, along with a case study illustrating how one facility integrated these therapies into surgical patient care.