Early life stress induced sex-specific changes in behavior is paralleled by altered locus coeruleus physiology in BALB/cJ mice.

Adverse childhood experiences have been associated with many neurodevelopmental and affective disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, with more exposures increasing negative risk. Sex and genetic background are biological variables involved in adverse psychiatric outcomes due to early life trauma. Females in general have an increased prevalence of stress-related psychopathologies beginning after adolescence, indicative of adolescence being a female-specific sensitive period.

Re-assessment of monoclonal antibodies against diclofenac for their application in the analysis of environmental waters.

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac (DCF) is an important environmental contaminant occurring in surface waters all over the world, because, after excretion, it is not adequately removed from wastewater in sewage treatment plants. To be able to monitor this pollutant, highly efficient analytical methods are needed, including immunoassays. In a medical research project, monoclonal antibodies against diclofenac and its metabolites had been produced.

How to approach a study in ethnopharmacology? Providing an example of the different research stages for newcomers to the field today.

Ethnopharmacology seeks to investigate humankind's use of natural materials, such as plants, fungi, microorganisms, animals, and minerals, for medicinal purposes. In this highly interdisciplinary field, which can be described as a bridge between the natural/medical and socio-cultural sciences, pharmacological, anthropological, and socio-cultural research methods are often applied, along with methods from other branches of science. When entering the field of ethnopharmacology as a newcomer, student, or early career researcher today, the tremendous amount of scientific publications, and even classical books from this field and related scientific disciplines, can be overwhelming.

Combined Application of Tacrolimus with Cyproconazole, Hymexazol and Novel {2-(3-R-1-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl}amines as Antifungals: Growth Inhibition and Molecular Docking Analysis to Fungal Chitin Deacetylase.

Agents with antifungal activity play a vital role as therapeutics in health care, as do fungicides in agriculture. Effectiveness, toxicological profile, and eco-friendliness are among the properties used to select suitable substances. Furthermore, a steady supply of new agents with different modes of action is required to counter the well-known potential of human and phyto-pathogenic fungi to develop resistance against established antifungals.

Pharmacological Assessment of the Antiprotozoal Activity, Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Malaria in the Greater Mpigi Region in Uganda.

We investigated the potential antimalarial and toxicological effects of 16 medicinal plants frequently used by traditional healers to treat malaria, fever, and related disorders in the Greater Mpigi region in Uganda. Species studied were , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and . In addition, the traditional healers indicated that is used as a ritual plant to boost fertility and prepare young women and teenagers for motherhood in some Ugandan communities where a high incidence of rapidly growing large breast masses in young female patients was observed (not necessarily breast cancer).

Antiinflammatory Medicinal Plants from the Ugandan Greater Mpigi Region Act as Potent Inhibitors in the COX-2/PGH Pathway.

Our study investigates 16 medicinal plants via assessment of inhibition of proinflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenases (COX). The plants are used by traditional healers in the Greater Mpigi region in Uganda to treat inflammation and related disorders. We present results of diverse in vitro experiments performed with 76 different plant extracts, namely, (1) selective COX-2 and COX-1 inhibitor screening; (2) 15-LOX inhibition screening; (3) antibacterial resazurin assay against multidrug-resistant , , , and K12; (4) DPPH assay for antioxidant activity; and (5) determination of the total phenolic content (TPC).

A Bibliographic Assessment Using the Degrees of Publication Method: Medicinal Plants from the Rural Greater Mpigi Region (Uganda).

In ethnopharmacological research, many field assessment tools exist. Yet, these miss that critical point of how to really determine which species merit the costly lab studies, e.g.

Dissipation-induced bistability in the two-photon Dicke model.

The Dicke model is a paradigmatic quantum-optical model describing the interaction of a collection of two-level systems with a single bosonic mode. Effective implementations of this model made it possible to observe the emergence of superradiance, i.e.

Molecular Mechanism Contributing to Malnutrition and Sarcopenia in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis.

Liver cirrhosis is frequently accompanied by disease-related malnutrition (DRM) and sarcopenia, defined as loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. DRM and sarcopenia often coexist in cirrhotic patients and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The clinical manifestation of both comorbidities are triggered by multifactorial mechanisms including reduced nutrient and energy intake caused by dietary restrictions, anorexia, neuroendocrine deregulation, olfactory and gustatory deficits.

Targeting ESKAPE pathogens with anti-infective medicinal plants from the Greater Mpigi region in Uganda.

Antibiotic resistance poses one of the greatest threats to global health today; conventional drug therapies are becoming increasingly inefficacious and limited. We identified 16 medicinal plant species used by traditional healers for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases in the Greater Mpigi region of Uganda. Extracts were evaluated for their ability to inhibit growth of clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens.

Influence of perceived threat of Covid-19 and HEXACO personality traits on toilet paper stockpiling.

Following the fast spread of Covid-19 across Europe and North America in March 2020, many people started stockpiling commodities like toilet paper. Despite the high relevance for public authorities to adequately address stockpiling behavior, empirical studies on the psychological underpinnings of toilet paper stockpiling are still scarce. In this study, we investigated the relation between personality traits, perceived threat of Covid-19, and stockpiling of toilet paper in an online survey (N = 996) across 22 countries.

Critical Quantum Metrology with a Finite-Component Quantum Phase Transition.

Physical systems close to a quantum phase transition exhibit a divergent susceptibility, suggesting that an arbitrarily high precision may be achieved by exploiting quantum critical systems as probes to estimate a physical parameter. However, such an improvement in sensitivity is counterbalanced by the closing of the energy gap, which implies a critical slowing down and an inevitable growth of the protocol duration. Here, we design different metrological protocols that exploit the superradiant phase transition of the quantum Rabi model, a finite-component system composed of a single two-level atom interacting with a single bosonic mode.

Ethnobotanical study of selected medicinal plants traditionally used in the rural Greater Mpigi region of Uganda.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: This study provides the first report on selected traditional medicinal plant use, including parts used and methods of preparation, in the Greater Mpigi region of Uganda. This data supports the conservation of local traditional ecological knowledge and will facilitate future drug discovery research.

Aim Of The Study: Our study aimed to conserve culturally and scientifically-valuable medical knowledge of 16 plant species traditionally used in the Greater Mpigi region in Uganda, namely Albizia coriaria, Cassine buchananii, Combretum molle, Erythrina abyssinica, Ficus saussureana, Harungana madagascariensis, Leucas calostachys, Microgramma lycopodioides, Morella kandtiana, Plectranthus hadiensis, Securidaca longipedunculata, Sesamum calycinum subsp.

Synthesis and mode of action studies of novel {2-(3-R-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl}amines to combat pathogenic fungi.

Due to their high specificity and efficacy, triazoles have become versatile antifungals to treat fungal infections in human healthcare and to control phytopathogenic fungi in agriculture. However, azole resistance is an emerging problem affecting human health as well as food security. Here we describe the synthesis of 10 novel {2-(3-R-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl}amines.

Novel acyl thiourea derivatives: Synthesis, antifungal activity, gene toxicity, drug-like and molecular docking screening.

Nine novel acyl thioureas were synthesized. Their identities and purities were confirmed by LC-MS spectra; each structure was elucidated by elemental analysis, IR, Н and C NMR spectra. Applying an in vitro screening of their antifungal potential, three substances (3, 5, and 6) could be selected as showing high activity against 11 fungi and 3 Phytophthora strains of phytopathogenic significance.

Monomethyl Suberate Screening for Antifungal Activity, Molecular Docking and Drug-Like Properties.

Antifungal activity of suberic acid monomethyl ester (monomethyl suberate) was investigated in a growth inhibition assay comprising of 11 different fungi and 3 Phytophthora oomycetes strains relevant in agriculture. In comparison to standard antifungal hymexazol, monomethyl suberate showed moderate antifungal effects at a concentration range of 100-300 µg/mL. Alternaria alternata, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium fujikuroi and Phytophtora infestans GL-1 were the most sensitive fungi showing inhibition rates up to 100 %.

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection of diclofenac and related compounds in water samples.

A frequently studied environmental contaminant is the active substance diclofenac, which is removed insufficiently in sewage treatment plants. Since its inclusion in the watch list of the EU Water Framework Directive, the concentrations in surface waters will be determined throughout Europe. For this, still, more precise analytical methods are needed.

Studies on the development of antibodies for the highly hydrophobic plasticizers DINCH and DEHT.

Diisononylcyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) and di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (DEHT), two of the most important substitutes for phthalate plasticizers, are used for a wide range of applications. Consequently, an increasing occurrence in urine and environmental samples is reported. Reliable and fast analytical methods for the quantification of these plasticizers are needed.

Application of fluorescence polarization immunoassay for determination of carbamazepine in wastewater.

Carbamazepine is an antiepileptic drug that can be used as a marker for the cleaning efficiency of wastewater treatment plants. Here, we present the optimization of a fast and easy on-site measurement system based on fluorescence polarization immunoassay and the successful application to wastewater. A new monoclonal highly specific anti-carbamazepine antibody was applied.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the anthropogenic marker isolithocholic acid in water.

Bile acids are promising chemical markers to assess the pollution of water samples with fecal material. This study describes the optimization and validation of a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the bile acid isolithocholic acid (ILA). The quantification range of the optimized assay was between 0.

Simple Preparation of Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM 44534 as Biocatalyst to Oxidize Diols into the Optically Active Lactones.

In the current study, we present a green toolbox to produce ecological compounds like lactone moiety. Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM 44534 cells have been used to oxidize both decane-1,4-diol () and decane-1,5-diol () into the corresponding γ- () and δ-decalactones () with yield of 80% and enantiomeric excess (ee) = 75% and ee = 90%, respectively. Among oxidation of meso diols, (-)-(1S,5R)-cis-3-oxabicyclo[4.

Characterization of the Migration of Hop Volatiles into Different Crown Cork Liner Polymers and Can Coatings.

Absorption of hop volatiles by crown cork liner polymers and can coatings was investigated in beer during storage. All hop volatiles measured were prone to migrate into the closures, and the absorption kinetics was demonstrated to fit Fick's second law of diffusion well for a plane sheet. The extent and rate of diffusion were significantly dissimilar and were greatly dependent upon the nature of the volatile.