Challenges in familial chylomicronemia syndrome diagnosis and management across Latin American countries: An expert panel discussion.

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by extremely high triglyceride levels due to impaired clearance of chylomicrons from plasma. This paper is the result of a panel discussion with Latin American specialists who raised the main issues on diagnosis and management of FCS in their countries. Overall FCS is diagnosed late on the course of the disease, is characterized by heterogeneity on the occurrence of pancreatitis, and remains a long time in care of different specialists until reaching a lipidologist.

Validation of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory in Chilean older people.

Objective: Currently in Chile there is a lack of validated tools for measuring anxiety in the elderly population. Considering this, the purpose of this study was to validate the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) in the country.

Method: An analysis of the psychometric properties of the GAI was carried out, using a non-clinical sample of 301 older adults in the Metropolitan and Valparaíso regions of Chile.

Advice concerning pregnancy and health in late medieval Europe: peasant women's wisdom in The Distaff Gospels.

This paper explores an area which has proven difficult for scholars to penetrate: women's popular wisdom concerning medical matters in the later medieval period. Contextualized within an examination of medieval medical texts both by and about women, our discussion focuses on a later 15th-century French work, The Distaff Gospels. This text, published recently in English for the first time since 1510, consists of more than 200 pieces of advice or "gospels," ostensibly conveyed to one another by a group of women who met together during the long winter evenings to spin.

Surgical rescue of recurrent carcinoma of the nasal columella.

Background: Tumors involving the nasal columella have been noted for their aggressive behavior. Columellar malignancies exhibit perhaps the highest incidence of recurrence and metastasis of all nasal and midfacial cancers of cutaneous origin. Periosteal invasion of maxillary bone and nasal floor may occur "barrier free.

A-O reconstruction plate and sternal osteomyocutaneous flap in primary mandibular reconstruction.

Mandibular arch reconstruction remains a functional and aesthetic challenge for the head and neck surgeon. The recent popularity of vascularized free composite flaps has made them a first choice for many surgeons. However, the increased operating time, high failure rate, frequent need for operative rescue, specialized postoperative care and facilities, and specialized training required to perform them have prompted many extirpative surgeons to attempt other techniques or to leave the mandible unreconstructed.

Cobalt-complex ATP enhanced regeneration in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord.

ATP, the energy source for axoplasmic transport, is indispensable for the transport of nerve growth factor (NGF). NGF regulates the regeneration of central processes of the primary sensory neurons, by means of transganglionic regulatory mechanisms. This central regeneration was investigated with the help of the histochemical detection of fluoride-resistant acid phosphatase (FRAP), one of the marker enzymes of the primary nociceptive neurons.

Delayed failure of myocutaneous flaps in head and neck reconstruction.

Since the concept of myocutaneous flap reconstruction of the head and neck region was introduced it has opened a new approach to surgical management in this area. This flap not only reduced the number of operations as compared to "staged procedure", but also reduced the costs of medical care. We are, however, experiencing significant failures as the applications of this flap are extended.