Pediatric Cholesteatoma Follow-Up: Residual and Recurrence in 239 Cases with Over 5-Year Hindsight.

Introduction: Pediatric cholesteatoma is an aggressive disease which requires long-term evaluation to assess management strategies. The objective was to determine optimal follow-up duration in pediatric cholesteatoma to detect residual and recurrent diseases.

Methods: This cohort study was set in a tertiary referral center.

Parkinson's disease pathology is directly correlated to SIRT3 in human subjects and animal models: Implications for AAV.SIRT3-myc as a disease-modifying therapy.

In Parkinson's disease (PD), post-mortem studies in affected brain regions have demonstrated a decline in mitochondrial number and function. This combined with many studies in cell and animal models suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is central to PD pathology. We and others have shown that the mitochondrial protein deacetylase, SIRT3, has neurorestorative effects in PD models.

Multiple Copies of in Paraburkholderia unamae Regulate Flagellar Gene Expression, Motility, and Biofilm Formation.

FlhDC is a heterohexameric complex that acts as a master regulator of flagellar biosynthesis genes in numerous bacteria. Previous studies have identified a single operon encoding this complex. However, we found that two loci are present throughout , and two additional copies are also present in Paraburkholderia unamae.

[Neonatal hearing screening].

Neonatal hearing screening has been developped in a large number of countries. The rational to build such nationwide programs is robust. The prevalence of hearing impairment of various etiologies is high (1/1,000), diagnosis of hearing impairment in infants is uneasy and is made most of the time after the age of 18 months when treatment is less efficient and, last, appropriate test to screen for hearing impairment are available: Otoacoustic Emission and Auditory Evoked Potential.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) survey: Efforts to avoid complications in home tracheostomy care.

Objective: To provide guidance for home care tracheostomy management in the pediatric population. The mission of the IPOG is to develop expertise-based recommendations for the management of pediatric otolaryngologic disorders with the goal of improving patient care.

Methods: Survey of expert opinion by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG).

Malformations Associated With Pediatric Congenital Cholesteatomas.

Objective: To describe malformations associated with pediatric congenital cholesteatomas of the middle ear.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Educational content and challenges encountered when training service user representatives as peer researchers in a mixed study on patient experience of hospital safety.

Background And Objectives: In France, following the passing of a 2002 law, service user representatives (SURs) are part of hospital committees in charge of care quality and safety issues. Ten service user representatives (SURs) were recruited and trained as "peer researchers" to participate in all phases of a study aimed at outlining how patients experience hospital safety. This article aims to describe the study protocol and how peer researchers training was designed and implemented to prepare them to drive a qualitative and quantitative research.

Integrated QCM-Microtribometry: Friction of Single-Crystal MoS and Gold from μm/s to m/s.

Two opposing microtribometry approaches have been developed over the past decade to help connect the dots between fundamental and practical tribology measurements: spring-based (e.g., AFM) approaches use low speed, low stiffness, and long relative slip length to quantify friction, while quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)-based approaches use high speed, high stiffness, and short relative slip length.

Durability of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films on metallic substrates for bioelectronics and the dominant role of relative shear strength.

Despite growing interest in the use of conducting polymer coatings such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) in bioelectronics, their relatively poor mechanical durability on inorganic substrates has limited long-term and clinical applications. Efforts to enhance durability have been limited by the lack of quantifiable metrics that can be used to evaluate the polymer film integrity and associated device failure. Here we examine the hypothesis that film failure under the tribological and cyclic electrical stressing becomes substantially less likely when the interfacial shear strength (τ) exceeds the shear strength of the film (τ).

Premaxillary abscess without bony erosion: An unusual complication of pediatric acute maxillary sinusitis.

Objectives: To report an unusual complication of pediatric acute maxillary sinusitis: premaxillary abscess. To describe clinical, radiological and biological presentation, treatment strategy and progression.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study included all pediatric patients treated for premaxillary abscess complicating acute maxillary sinusitis in two ENT reference centers between 1999 and 2017.

Spatial Patterning of Molecular Cues and Vascular Cells in Fully Integrated Hydrogel Channels via Interfacial Bioorthogonal Cross-Linking.

Fully integrated hydrogel channels were fabricated via interfacial bioorthogonal cross-linking, a diffusion-controlled method for the creation and patterning of synthetic matrices based on the rapid bioorthogonal reaction between s-tetrazines (Tz) and trans-cyclooctene (TCO) dienophiles. Injecting an aqueous solution of a bisTCO cross-linker into a reservoir of tetrazine-modified hyaluronic acid (HA-Tz), while simultaneously drawing the syringe needle through the reservoir, yielded a cross-linked hydrogel channel that was mechanically robust. Fluorescent tags and biochemical signals were spatially patterned into the channel wall through time-dependent perfusion of TCO-conjugated molecules into the lumen of the channel.

Outcome measures for pediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction: International consensus statement.

Objectives: Develop multidisciplinary and international consensus on patient, disease, procedural, and perioperative factors, as well as key outcome measures and complications, to be reported for pediatric airway reconstruction studies.

Methods: Standard Delphi methods were applied. Participants proposed items in three categories: 1) patient/disease characteristics, 2) procedural/intraoperative/perioperative factors, and 3) outcome measures and complications.

Effect of Implementing a Bundled-Payment Program for Heart Failure at a Safety-Net Community Hospital.

Safety net community hospitals face unique challenges when entering risk-based contracts. The financial viability of such programs in these settings has not been well studied. This study analyzed a bundled-payment program for congestive heart failure at one such facility.

Endonasal measurements by acoustic rhinometry in children: A preliminary study.

Unlabelled: The acoustic reflection method (ARM) is a non-invasive technique which uses the reflection of acoustic waves to measure the cross sectional area of nasal cavities in adults and patency of endotracheal tubes. Characteristics and volume of normal nasal cavities in pre-school children has so far not been studied.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the optimal ARM recording and the minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) and volume (NV) values in healthy children.

Unexpected Tribological Synergy in Polymer Blend Coatings: Leveraging Phase Separation to Isolate Domain Size Effects and Reduce Friction.

We employed a systematic processing approach to control phase separation in polymer blend thin films and significantly reduce dynamic friction coefficients (μ)s. We leveraged this modulation of phase separation to generate composite surfaces with dynamic friction coefficients that were substantially lower than expected on the basis of simple mixing rules, and in several cases, these friction coefficients were lower than those of both pure components. Using a model polyisoprene [PI]/polystyrene [PS] composite system, a minimum μ was found in films with PS mass fractions between 0.

Velopharyngeal insufficiency managed by autologous fat grafting in patients with aberrant courses of internal carotid arteries.

Introduction: Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is usually managed, besides speech therapy, by performing a velopharyngoplasty. An alternative approach is autologous fat grafting (AFG) of the posterior pharyngeal wall. About 5% of the population has internal carotid arteries (ICA) with an aberrant course.

Otogenic Temporomandibular Arthritis in Children.

Importance: Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (SATMJ) is a very rare but potentially severe complication of pediatric middle ear infections because it presents risks of TMJ ankylosis.

Objective: To describe the clinical, radiological, biological, and microbiological characteristics and evolution of SATMJ complicating middle ear infections (otogenic SATMJ) in children.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter retrospective study included all children younger than 18 years referred between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2015, for otogenic SATMJ or for TMJ ankylosis that occurred a few months to a few years after an acute mastoiditis.

Arterial Spin-Labeling to Discriminate Pediatric Cervicofacial Soft-Tissue Vascular Anomalies.

Background And Purpose: Differentiating major subtypes of cervicofacial vascular lesions is crucial for appropriate management. The aim of our study was to evaluate the performance of an MR imaging arterial spin-labeling perfusion sequence in discriminating pediatric cervicofacial soft-tissue vascular anomalies.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from a prospectively maintained registry including pediatric patients at a tertiary pediatric center between January 2012 and January 2014.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) consensus recommendations: Routine peri-operative pediatric tracheotomy care.

Objectives: To develop consensus recommendations for peri-operative tracheotomy care in pediatric patients.

Methods: Expert opinion by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG). The mission of the IPOG is to develop expertise-based consensus recommendations for the management of pediatric otolaryngologic disorders with the goal of improving patient care.

International Pediatric ORL Group (IPOG) laryngomalacia consensus recommendations.

Objective: To provide recommendations for the comprehensive management of young infants who present with signs or symptoms concerning for laryngomalacia.

Methods: Expert opinion by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG).

Results: Consensus recommendations include initial care and triage recommendations for health care providers who commonly evaluate young infants with noisy breathing.

How to perform endoscopy in paediatric otorhinolaryngology?

Upper airway endoscopy in children is a high-risk procedure, which should only be performed by a well trained and fully equipped team. The sequence of procedures, at least at the beginning of the procedure, is always the same and must be performed very rigorously. Communication between the various operators, especially the surgeon, the anaesthetist and the operating room nurse, is essential before starting the procedure, as anticipation of sudden difficulties is the key to effective management.

A case of mild CHARGE syndrome associated with a splice site mutation in CHD7.

CHARGE syndrome (MIM#214800) (Coloboma, Heart defect, Atresia of choanae, Retarded growth and development, Genital hypoplasia, Ear abnormalities/deafness) is caused by heterozygous mutation of CHD7 transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner. In this report, we describe a patient with bilateral hearing impairment, unusually-shaped ears, no intellectual disability and a patent ductus arteriosus. Further investigation showed abnormal semicircular canals and the presence of olfactory bulbs.

Pycnodysostosis presenting as atypical stridor.

Objectives: Pycnodysostosis is a rare genetic disorder caused by a mutation of the cathepsin K gene involved in bone turnover. It is responsible, in particular, for a combination of dwarfism and bone fragility. Upper airway obstruction may be observed, but associated stridor has never been previously described.

Pediatric sinogenic epidural and subdural empyema: The role of endoscopic sinus surgery.

Aim: To analyze the indications and outcomes of open neurosurgical approaches (ONA) and endoscopic transnasal approaches (ETA) in the surgical management of pediatric sinogenic subdural and epidural empyema.

Material And Methods: Retrospective single-center study design within a tertiary care referral center setting. Children less than 18 years of age consecutively operated on between January 2012 and February 2014 for drainage of a sinogenic subdural empyema (SE) or epidural (EE) empyema were included.