Dapagliflozin in diabetic kidney disease patients with different filtration status.

Background: Few studies have discussed the effects and mechanism of dapagliflozin on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) with different glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). This study aimed to investigate the variation in the eGFR and proteinuria after dapagliflozin treatment in DKD patients with different filtration status and SBP levels.

Methods: First, we conducted a cross-sectional study to determined hyperfiltration threshold for the DKD trial.

Advances in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Treatment From the Perspective of the Newest Mechanisms of Podocyte Injury.

Podocyte injury was widely recognized as a fundamental mechanism driving the progression of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Recent research has therefore focused on the development of targeted therapies aimed at disrupting specific pathogenic signaling cascades within podocytes, resulting in noteworthy advancements. The role of mechanisms such as alterations in the actin cytoskeleton, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inadequate autophagy within the microenvironment of podocyte injury have garnered increasing attention.

Comparison of the Effects of SGLT-2i versus GLP-1RA on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus based on Baseline Renal Function.

There remained no head-to-head research to evaluate the cardiovascular and renal benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at different baseline renal function. We performed a network meta-analysis to compare the two drugs indirectly. Systematic literature searches were conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase, covering their inception until January 7, 2025.

Efficacy and safety of nine immunosuppressive agents for primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults: a pairwise and network meta-analysis.

Background: Immunosuppressants are widely used as the preferred treatment for primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (pFSGS). Nevertheless, controversies persist regarding the effectiveness and side effects of different immunosuppressive medications.

Methods: From July 2023 until June 2024, we systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, clinicalrials.

Gut microbiota may mediate the causality of statins on diabetic nephropathy: a mediation Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Increasing evidence indicates that statins may increase the risk of developing diabetic nephropathy (DN). As the gut-kidney axis concept gains traction, it remains unclear whether statins contribute to the onset and progression of DN by modulating gut microbiota.

Objective: To investigate the association between statins and DN and the proportion of this association mediated through gut microbiota.

IgA vasculitis with nephritis: an overview of the pathogenesis and clinical characteristic.

IgA vasculitis with nephritis (IgAVN) is closely related to IgA nephritis (IgAN) and IgA vasculitis (IgAV), but the clinical characteristics and exact pathogenesis of IgAVN remain unclear. In the present study, we have reviewed 8 clinical trials with different treatments and found that most IgAVN patients had partial recovery after treatments while few patients (26.5%) recovered completely within 6 months.

Nephrotoxicity in Bispecific Antibodies Recipients: Focus on T-Cell-Engaging Bispecific Antibodies.

Recently, bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are evolving the landscape of cancer treatment and have significantly improved the outcomes of relapsed or refractory cancer patients. As increasing BsAbs entered clinical practice, specific toxicities have emerged, and renal side-effects have been described. However, there are a lack of studies analyzing the nephrotoxicity in the anti-cancer BsAbs recipients systematically.

Acute kidney injury following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: Epidemiology, mechanism and prognosis.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is a promising treatment for hematologic tumors, and adverse events of acute kidney injury (AKI) have been reported. However, its incidence, clinical characteristics, and prognosis remained unclear. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for study about AKI after CAR-T therapy, a total of 15 studies, comprising 694 patients, were included.

Causal association between cardiovascular proteins and membranous nephropathy: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization.

Purpose: Multiple circulating proteins have been reported to participate in human diseases. However, the association between cardiovascular proteins and membranous nephropathy (MN) remained profoundly elusive.

Methods: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to explore the causal correlation between ninety cardiovascular proteins and MN.

The causal association of specific gut microbiota on the risk of membranous nephropathy: a Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: Gut microbiota transplantation has been reported to improve the renal function of membranous nephropathy (MN). However, whether there is a causal effect of gut microbiota on MN remained unclear.

Methods: We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

New-Onset Acute Interstitial Nephritis Post-SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccination: A Panoramic Review.

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a considerable challenge to global healthcare. Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) post SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination has been reported, but its clinical features and pathogenesis remained unclear. We reviewed so far the largest 22 cases of AIN post SARS-CoV-2 infection and 36 cases of AIN following COVID-19 vaccination.

Combination of rituximab and short-term glucocorticoids in the treatment of anti-phospholipase A receptor antibody positive idiopathic membranous nephropathy.

Rituximab (RTX) has been the first option in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). However, the clinical effect was not very satisfactory. This study aimed to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of the combination of RTX and glucocorticoids (GC) in anti-phospholipase A receptor (anti-PLAR) antibody positive IMN.

The role of mononuclear phagocyte system in IgA nephropathy: pathogenesis and prognosis.

Although the "multiple hits" theory is a widely accepted pathogenesis in IgA nephropathy (IgAN), increasing evidence suggests that the mononuclear/macrophage system plays important roles in the progression of IgAN; however, the exact mechanism is unclear. In the present study, we explored 1,067 patients in 15 studies and found that the number of macrophages per glomerulus was positively related with the degree of hematuria, and the macrophages in the glomeruli were mainly related to mesangial proliferation (M) in renal biopsy. In the tubulointerstitium, macrophages were significantly paralleled to tubulointerstitial α-SMA and NF-kB expression, tubulointerstitial lesion, tubule atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T), and segmental glomerulosclerosis (S).

New-onset and relapsed thrombotic microangiopathy post-COVID-19 vaccination.

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination has been reported, however, the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis remained mysterious. We reviewed 84 TMA cases post-COVID-19 vaccination, including 64 patients diagnosed with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), 17 cases presented as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), and three cases manifested as unclassified TMA. TMA episodes were mostly associated with messenger RNA vaccines.

New insights into kidney disease after COVID-19 infection and vaccination: histopathological and clinical findings.

In addition to its pulmonary effects, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has also been found to cause acute kidney injury (AKI), which has been linked to high mortality rates. In this review, we collected data from 20 clinical studies on post-COVID-19-related AKI and 97 cases of AKI associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Acute tubular injury was by far the most common finding in the kidneys of patients with COVID-19-related AKI.

SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Cancer patients are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Different antitumor treatments have attracted wide attention in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that have revolutionized oncology changes. It may also have protective and therapeutic roles in viral infections.

Inverse association between caffeine intake and albuminuria in US adults: an analysis of NHANES 2005-2016.

Objectives: Albuminuria is a significant biomarker of various kidney diseases and is associated with renal outcome. Recently, caffeine intake has shown potential renoprotective effects. However, the relationship between caffeine intake and albuminuria remains profoundly elusive.

Membranous nephropathy caused by dimercaptosuccinic acid in a patient with Wilson's disease: a case report and literature review.

Background: Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) therapy is a kind of chelation therapy for patients with Wilson 's disease (WD). While there have been reports of side effects associated with DMSA, the development of membranous nephropathy as a result of this therapy is uncommon.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a 19-year-old male patient with Wilson's disease who experienced proteinuria while receiving long-term DMSA treatment.

New insights of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis from the perspective of COVID-19 vaccination.

The occurrence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) has been reported since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, but whether there is a causal relationship or coincidence remains to be verified. We combined the term COVID-19 vaccination with each word of AAV to search for case reports and case series published in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases before 13 March 2023. A total of 56 patients who developed AAV after COVID-19 vaccination were identified from 44 research centers.

Update on the Application of Monoclonal Antibody Therapy in Primary Membranous Nephropathy.

When first introduced, rituximab (RTX), a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, brought about an alternative therapeutic paradigm for primary membranous nephropathy (PMN). Rituximab was shown to be effective and safe in PMN patients with kidney dysfunction, with. patients receiving second-line rituximab therapy achieving remission as effectively as those patients who had not previously received immunotherapy.

Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection in dialysis patients and protective effect of COVID-19 vaccine.

Background And Objective: COVID-19 infection poses a special challenge to patients with dialysis patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations of dialysis patients with COVID-19 and the protective effect of the vaccine.

Methods: We included 41 studies based on big data, mainly analyzing the clinical symptoms of dialysis patients with COVID-19, the proportion of severe patients before and after vaccination, and the humoral reaction of vaccine in the body.

New insights into the mucosal immune pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy from the perspective of COVID-19 vaccination.

Large-scale SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is one of the key strategies to curb the COVID-19 pandemic; however, there are increasing reports of IgA nephropathy following COVID-19 vaccination. The clinical manifestation, treatment and prognostic effects are different in IgAN patients who have had an onset after the first and second dose of vaccination, as well as new and recurrent IgAN patients. These conditions bring about a relatively important window for understanding the pathogenesis of IgAN.

Comprehensive analyses of the microRNA-messenger RNA-transcription factor regulatory network in mouse and human renal fibrosis.

The aim of this study was to construct a microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA)-transcription factor (TF) regulatory network and explore underlying molecular mechanisms, effective biomarkers, and drugs in renal fibrosis (RF). A total of six datasets were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. "Limma" and "DESeq2" packages in R software and GEO2R were applied to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs (DEmiRNAs and DEmRNAs, respectively).