Nanoodor Particles Deliver Drugs to Central Nervous System via Olfactory Pathway.

Central nervous system (CNS) disorders confront significant challenges in drug delivery due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Inspired by the rapid and precise binding of odor molecules to olfactory receptors (ORs), this research uses thiolated HPMA to construct odor nanoparticles (nanoodors) capable of delivering drugs to the CNS via the olfacto-cerebral pathway to overcome the delivery obstruction. The nanoodor core is used to encapsulate agomelatine (AGO), a CNS-targeting antidepressant, and the encapsulation efficiency exceeded 80%.

Extended Ligation of the Hepatic Vein May Yield a Similar Effect to Liver Venous Deprivation in a Rat Model.

Aims: To validate the hypothesis that hepatic vein ligation (HVL) alone may produce similar results to liver venous deprivation (LVD or HVL + portal vein ligation [PVL]).

Methods: Rats were assigned to five groups, namely, the control group; the R group in which the right median hepatic vein (RMHV) was ligated; the M group in which the middle median hepatic vein (MMHV) was ligated; the RM group in which both the RMHV and MMHV were ligated (R + MMHVL, extended ligation of the hepatic veins); and the LVD group in which both the right median portal vein and the RMHV were ligated. The liver hypertrophy effect and liver enzymes were determined.

Establishment of a Rat Model of Liver Venous Deprivation: Simultaneous Portal and Hepatic Vein Ligation.

Background And Aims: The aim was to establish a liver venous deprivation (LVD) model in rats, compare hepatic hypertrophy between LVD and associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS), and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The LVD or extended-LVD (e-LVD) group received portal vein ligation (PVL) combined with hepatic vein ligation (HVL). The ALPPS or e-ALPPS group received PVL plus parenchyma ligation.