HIF-1α knockdown attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in ischemic stroke male rats via CXCR4/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a sensitive indicator of oxygen homeostasis, of which the expression elevates following hypoxia/ischemia. This study reveals the specific mechanisms underlying the effects of HIF-1α on ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods: IS model was established using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-modeled male rats and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-treated mice hippocampal cells HT22, followed by the silencing of HIF-1α and the overexpression of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB).

Danshen injection mitigated the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing neuroinflammation via the HIF-1α/CXCR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Danshen injection (DI) is effective in treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, including ischemic stroke (IS), including IS, but its mechanism is unclear. A middle cerebral artery occlusion model was used to simulate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in SD rats. Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) was achieved by AAV-HIF-1α.

Integrated Analysis of miRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Therapeutic Drugs.

Purpose: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a result of trauma exposure and is related to psychological suffering as a long-lasting health issue. Further analysis of the networks and genes involved in PTSD are critical to the molecular mechanisms of PTSD.

Methods: In this study, we aimed to identify key genes and molecular interaction networks involved in the pathogenesis of PTSD by integrating mRNA and miRNA data.

Copper-Catalyzed Direct Coupling of Unprotected Propargylic Alcohols with P(O)H Compounds: Access to Allenylphosphoryl Compounds under Ligand- and Base-Free Conditions.

The first facile and efficient copper-catalyzed direct C-P cross-coupling of unprotected propargylic alcohols with P(O)H compounds has been developed, providing a general, one-step approach to construct valuable allenylphosphoryl frameworks with operational simplicity and high step- and atom-economy under ligand-, base-, and additive-free conditions.

TBAI-catalyzed oxidative C-H functionalization: a new route to benzo[b]phosphole oxides.

The first metal-free, efficient TBAI-catalyzed radical addition/cyclization of diaryl(arylethynyl)phosphine oxides with toluene derivatives has been developed, affording a general, one-step approach to structurally sophisticated benzo[b]phosphole oxides via sequential C-H functionalization along with the formation of two new C-C bonds.

Silver-Catalyzed, Aldehyde-Induced α-C-H Functionalization of Tetrahydroisoquinolines with Concurrent C-P Bond Formation/N-Alkylation.

The first facile and efficient silver-catalyzed, aldehyde-induced three-component reaction of N-unprotected tetrahydroisoquinolines, aldehydes, and dialkyl phosphonates has been developed, providing a general one-step approach to structurally diverse C1-phosphonylated THIQs accompanied by concurrent C-P bond formation/N-alkylation with remarkable functional group tolerance and excellent regioselectivity for endo products.

Ag-mediated cascade decarboxylative coupling and annulation: a convenient route to 2-phosphinobenzo[b]phosphole oxides.

The first facile and practical silver-mediated cascade reaction of arylpropiolic acids with diarylphosphine oxides has been developed, providing a general, one step approach to structurally sophisticated 2-phosphinobenzo[b]phosphole oxide frameworks of importance in materials science via sequential decarboxylative C-P cross-coupling and C-H/P-H functionalization with operational simplicity and excellent functional group compatibility.

Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Addition and Cyclization of Arylboronic Acids with 3-Hydroxyprop-1-yn-1-yl Phosphonates Leading to 1,2-Oxaphospholenes.

A novel and efficient palladium-catalyzed domino addition-cyclization of a wide range of arylboronic acids with various 3-hydroxyprop-1-yn-1-yl phosphonates has been developed, affording a convenient and powerful tool for the preparation of valuable 1,2-oxaphospholenes with mild reaction conditions, broad substrate applicability, and good to excellent yields. Mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction might involve Michael addition and nucleophilic substitution.

Crystal structure of (5'S,8'S)-3-(2,5-di-methyl-phen-yl)-8-meth-oxy-3-nitro-1-aza-spiro-[4.5]decane-2,4-dione.

The title compound, C18H22N2O5, was synthesized by nitrification of its enol precursor. The pyrrolidine ring plane adopts a twisted conformation about the C-C bond linking the spiro centre and the C=O group remote from the N atom. It makes dihedral angles of 71.

Copper-catalyzed decarboxylative C-P cross-coupling of alkynyl acids with H-phosphine oxides: a facile and selective synthesis of (E)-1-alkenylphosphine oxides.

A novel and efficient copper-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of alkynyl acids for the stereoselective synthesis of E-alkenylphosphine oxides has been developed. In the presence of 10 mol % of CuCl without added ligand, base, and additive, various alkynyl acids reacted with H-phosphine oxides to afford E-alkenylphosphine oxides with operational simplicity, broad substrate scope, and the stereoselectivity for E-isomers.

Palladium-catalyzed air-based oxidative coupling of arylboronic acids with H-phosphine oxides leading to aryl phosphine oxides.

We present a novel and highly efficient methodology that allows for the construction of C-P bonds via the palladium-catalyzed air-based oxidative coupling of various commercially available arylboronic acids with easily oxidized H-phosphine oxides leading to valuable aryl phosphine oxides, particularly triarylphosphine oxides, with the use of air as the green oxidant, broad substrate applicability and good to excellent yields. The described catalytic system should be an efficient complement to the Chan-Lam type reaction and be useful in synthetic programs.

Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling of arylhydrazines via C-N bond cleavage.

The first example of Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling of readily available arylhydrazines with arylboronic acids via C-N bond cleavage was developed under air, affording various biaryl compounds with broad substrate applicability and moderate to good yields. Moreover, the rigorous exclusion of air/moisture is not required in these transformations. Thus, the protocol represents a simple and efficient procedure to access biaryl compounds.

Nickel-catalyzed C-P cross-coupling of arylboronic acids with P(O)H compounds.

A novel and efficient Ni-catalyzed coupling of a wide range of arylboronic acids with H-phosphites, H-phosphinate esters, and H-phosphine oxides has been developed, providing a general and powerful tool for the synthesis of various aryl-phosphorus compounds, especially for valuable triarylphosphine oxides, in good to excellent yield. This protocol is the first Ni-catalyzed C-P bond-forming reaction between arylboronic acids and P(O)H compounds.