Quantitative analysis for detection and grading of hepatocellular carcinoma: Comparison of diffusion kurtosis imaging, intravoxel incoherent motion and conventional diffusion-weighted imaging.

The aim of the present study was to compare the diagnostic performance of the main parameters derived from diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) regarding the detection and grading of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 78 patients diagnosed with HCC by biopsy were prospectively enrolled in the present study, and underwent routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DWI, IVIM, DKI and contrast-enhanced MRI prior to surgery. Measurements, including mean diffusivity (MD), mean diffusional kurtosis (MK), true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), were compared with grading HCC using one-way ANOVA followed by the Student-Neuman-Keuls-q post-hoc test.

Microwave ablation vs. cryoablation for treatment of primary and metastatic pulmonary malignant tumors.

At present, minimally invasive surgery is one of the primary strategies for the treatment of malignant pulmonary tumors. Although, there are some comparative studies between microwave ablation and radiofrequency for the treatment of malignant pulmonary tumors, there are few studies that have investigated the comparison between microwave ablation and cryoablation. The aim of the study was to retrospectively compare the efficacy and complications of microwave ablation (MWA) and cryoablation in the treatment of malignant pulmonary tumors.

Dual-energy CT with virtual monoenergetic images to improve the visualization of pancreatic supplying arteries: the normal anatomy and variations.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a malignancy with poor prognosis, appropriate surgical resection and neoadjuvant therapy depend on the accurate identification of pancreatic supplying arteries. We aim to evaluate the ability of monoenergetic images (MEI [+]) of dual-energy CT (DECT) to improve the visualization of pancreatic supplying arteries compared to conventional polyenergetic images (PEI) and investigate the implications of vascular variation in pancreatic surgery and transarterial interventions.

Results: One hundred patients without pancreatic diseases underwent DECT examinations were retrospectively enrolled in this study.

Development and Validation of a Random Forest Risk Prediction Pneumothorax Model in Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy.

BACKGROUND Computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) is an effective means for diagnosing various thoracic diseases. Pneumothorax is the most common complication, and when it becomes life-threatening, urgent medical intervention is required. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a model that can be used to predict postoperative pneumothorax following CT-guided PTNB.

Meigs' syndrome caused by granulosa cell tumor accompanied with intrathoracic lesions: A case report.

Background: Meigs' syndrome is regarded as a benign ovarian tumor accompanied by pleural effusion and ascites, both of which resolve after removal of the tumor. Patients often seek treatment in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine or other internal medicine departments due to symptoms caused by ascites or hydrothorax. Here, we report a rare case of Meigs' syndrome caused by granulosa cell tumor accompanied with intrathoracic lesions.

High resolution computed tomography for the diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia: a study from multiple medical centers in western China.

Background: To evaluate the role of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in the diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia and to provide experience in the early detection and diagnosis of 2019-nCoV pneumonia.

Methods: Seventy-two patients confirmed to be infected with 2019-nCoV from multiple medical centers in western China were retrospectively analyzed, including epidemiologic characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and HRCT chest features.

Results: All patients had lung parenchymal abnormalities on HRCT scans, which were mostly multifocal in both lungs and asymmetric in all patients, and were mostly in the peripheral or subpleural lung regions in 52 patients (72.

Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula of the iliac artery after lumbar discectomy surgery: a systematic review of the last 18 years.

Patients with iatrogenic iliac arteriovenous fistulas (IAVFs) after lumbar discectomy surgeries (LDSs) from our hospital and the published literature were reviewed in order to better understand this clinical phenomenon. Literature from databases about iatrogenic IAVFs after LDSs were retrieved and a patient from our hospital was reviewed with emphasis placed upon the patient's clinical data. From 31 publications and studies of 44 individuals' data, the study revealed L4-L5 and/or L5-S1 intervertebral space levels were mostly involved (62.

Congenital absence of the right coronary artery: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Congenital absence of the right coronary artery (RCA) is a rare congenital malformation of the cardiovascular system which may have fatal consequences.

Patient Concerns: A 63-year-old man with a 5-year history of chest pain after exertion which had aggravated for >1 month was advised for admission and computed tomography angiography (CTA) examination of the coronary artery to screen for coronary artery disease (CAD).

Diagnoses: The coronary artery CTA showed absence of RCA arising form the aortic root after which a selective coronary angiography (SCA) examination was done that confirmed the diagnosis of congenital absence of RCA.

A case report and literature review of barium sulphate aspiration during upper gastrointestinal examination.

Rationale: Even though barium sulphate aspiration during upper gastrointestinal examination is a well-known phenomenon, complication such as long-term lung injury and death may still occur. This may depend upon the concentration, amount, anatomy, or certain predisposing factors.

Patient Concerns: A 47-year-old woman who had a barium swallow to screen for foreign body in esophagus.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of C-Arm Cone-Beam CT-Guided Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy of Lung Nodules.

Background: A systematic review and meta-analysis of all available publications was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) using a C-Arm Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) system in patients with lung nodules.

Material/methods: Thedatabases of PUBMED, OVID, EBSCO, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were systematically searched for relevant original articles on the diagnostic accuracy of CBCT-guided PTNB for the diagnosis of nodules in the lungs. Diagnostic indices including sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and diagnostic score (DS) were calculated.