[Effects of straw mulching and phosphorus application on forms and availability of soil phosphorus in hilly dryland of Sichuan, China].

We conducted a two-factor split-plot experiment to examine the alteration of soil inorganic phosphorus forms and phosphorus availability under straw mulching and phosphorus fertilizer rates. The main factor was straw mulching and non-mulching, while the sub-factor was phosphorus supply rates, including 0, 75, and 120 kg·hm. We analyzed the characteristics of phosphorus adsorption-desorption, the content of inorganic phosphorus components and their relationship with available phosphorus in hilly upland purple soil in Sichuan.

Mechanisms of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grain storage proteins in response to nitrogen application and its impacts on processing quality.

Basis for the effects of nitrogen (N) on wheat grain storage proteins (GSPs) and on the establishment of processing quality are far from clear. The response of GSPs and processing quality parameters to four N levels of four common wheat cultivars were investigated at two sites over two growing seasons. Except gluten index (GI), processing quality parameters as well as GSPs quantities were remarkably improved by increasing N level.

[Effect of nitrogen management modes on grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and light use efficiency of wheat].

A nitrogen management experiment with three nitrogen levels (0, 120, and 180 kg·hm, namely N, N, N) and three nitrogen allocation modes (N: base fertilizer 100%; N: base fertilizer 70% + seedling fertilizer 30%; N: base fertilizer 60% + jointing fertilizer 40%) was conducted at four sites (Chongqing, Renshou, Guanghan and Xichang) during two consecutive years, the SPAD value, canopy photosynthetic rate (CAP), photosynthetically active radia-tion (PAR) interception efficiency and grain yield were determined, and the nitrogen use efficiency and PAR use efficiency were calculated. The results showed that the SPAD of upper-most three leaves, CAP, PAR interception efficiency and grain yield were promoted with increasing nitrogen fertilizer, but nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, productivity efficiency, uptake efficiency and use efficiency were decreased. The promoting effects of nitrogen fertilizer postponing were different among nitrogen levels, with the highest SPAD in N treatment and the highest CAP in N treatment.

[Effect of waterlogging on physical traits and yield of wheat in Sichuan, China].

Following a two-factor split plot design, two popular varieties ( Neimai836 and Chuanmail04) were used to study the effects of waterlogging at four growth stages (seedling, jointing, booting and anthesis) on wheat growth and yield formation during two growing seasons (2011-2012 and 2012-2013). The resulted showed that the greatest yield penalty occurred when waterlogging happened at the seedling stage (10% - 15% decrease), and it was alleviated when waterlogging happened at the other stages. Waterlogging during the seedling stage significantly reduced SPAD of 2nd-6th leaves, tillers and spike number per plant, productive ears, dry matter accumulation after flowering and dry matter at maturity.