Construction of MoTiCT MXene as a Superior Carrier to Support Ru-CuO Heterojunctions for Improving Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation.

The sluggish anodic hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) of the hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cell (HEMFC) is a significant barrier for practical implementation. Herein, we designed a catalyst of MoTiCT MXene-supported Ru-CuO heterojunctions (named as Ru-CuO/MXene). The XPS spectra and the d-band center data of the different amounts of Cu of the Ru-CuO/MXene suggested that there existed a strongly electronic metal-support interaction between the active species and the substrate with MXene as the excellent carrier.

[Electroacupuncture reduces neuronal apoptosis in rats with spinal cord injury by regulating GSK-3β expression and its phosphorylation].

Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of "Dazhui"(GV14) and "Mingmen" (GV4) of the Governor Vessel (GV) on the apoptosis of neurons in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI) by regulating the expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) protein and its phosphorylation level, so as to reveal partial mechanism for the treatment of SCI with EA of GV.

Methods: A total of 45 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation, model and EA groups, 15 rats in each group. The SCI model was established by using the modified Allen's percussion device.

BAK ameliorated cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating AMPK/Nrf2 to inhibit TXNIP/NLRP3/caspase-1 axis.

Background: Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious vascular disease with extremely high mortality and disability rate. Bakuchiol (BAK) was found in leaves and seeds of Psoralea corylifolia Linn and has been shown to decrease inflammation and reduce oxidative stress, while the mechanism of BAK in ameliorating cerebral I/R injury remains unclear.

Methods: Middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion (MACO/R) was used to establish mouse model.

Distinct roles of MIF in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease.

The role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) as a multifunctional cytokine in immunomodulation and inflammatory response is increasingly appreciated. Ischemic heart disease (IHD), the leading cause of global mortality, remains a focal point of research owing to its intricate pathophysiology. MIF has been identified as a critical player in IHD, where it exerts distinct roles.

Causal relationships between obesity-related anthropometric indicators and sepsis risk: a Mendelian-randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have reported an association between obesity and risk of sepsis. However, the results have been inconsistent, and no causal inference can be drawn from them. Therefore, we conducted a Mendelian-randomization (MR) study to investigate causal relationships between available obesity-related anthropometric indicators and sepsis risk.

Use of double short tandem scleral tunnels for repairing eroded ahmed glaucoma valve tubes.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a method for repairing an eroded Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) tube using two short scleral tunnels made in tandem with a 22G needle instead of covering the eroded tube with another scleral graft.

Methods: From May 12, 2015, to July 27, 2019, we retrospectively reviewed eight patients at Ningbo Aier Eye Hospital who developed AGV tube erosion secondary to necrosis of their overlying conjunctiva and scleral grafts. This defect was repaired in all the patients using the double short tandem scleral tunnel technique, which involved the creation of double short tandem scleral tunnels made by a 22G needle.

hFcγRIIa: a double-edged sword in osteoclastogenesis and bone balance in transgenic mice.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease accompanied by local and systemic bone loss. FcγRs, especially FcγRIIa (hFcγRIIa), have been implicated in the pathogenesis of RA. However, the contribution of hFcγRIIa to bone loss has not been fully elucidated.

The ICF2 gene Zbtb24 specifically regulates the differentiation of B1 cells via promoting heme synthesis.

Background: Loss-of-function mutations of ZBTB24 cause immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies syndrome 2 (ICF2). ICF2 is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with immunological defects in serum antibodies and circulating memory B cells, resulting in recurrent and sometimes fatal respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. The genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with ICF2 indicates an essential role of ZBTB24 in the terminal differentiation of B cells.

Simultaneous Detection of Major Greenhouse Gases with Multiresonator Photoacoustic Spectroscopy.

Greenhouse gas (GHG) detection plays an important role in climate change research and industry applications. A novel photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) sensor based on multiple resonators has been developed for the detection of GHGs. The major GHGs CO, CH, and NO were measured simultaneously using only one acoustic sensor by coupling three acoustic resonators into a photoacoustic cell.

Neural Network Based Aliasing Spectral Decoupling Algorithm for Precise Mid-Infrared Multicomponent Gases Sensing.

Owing to the overlapping and cross-interference of absorption lines in multicomponent gases, the simultaneous measurement of such gases via laser absorption spectroscopy frequently necessitates the use of supplementary pressure sensors to distinguish the spectral lines. Alternatively, it requires multiple lasers combined with time-division multiplexing to independently scan the absorption peaks of each gas, thereby preventing interference from other gases. This inevitably escalates both the cost of the system and the complexity of the gas pathway.

*H migration-assisted MvK mechanism for efficient electrochemical NH synthesis over TM-TiNO.

The electrochemical NH synthesis on TiNO is proposed to follow the Mars-van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism, offering more favorable N adsorption and activation on the N vacancy (Nv) site, compared to the conventional associative mechanism. The regeneration cycle of Nv represents the rate-determining step in this process. This study investigates a series of TM (Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, and Pt)-TiNO to explore the *H migration (from TM to TiNO)-promoted Nv cycle.

A causal relationship between educational attainment and risk of infectious diseases: A Mendelian randomisation study.

Background: Previous observational studies have investigated the association between educational attainment and sepsis, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections (UTIs). However, their findings have been susceptible to reverse causality and confounding factors. Furthermore, no study has examined the effect of educational level on the risk of infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (SSTIs).

The Causal Relationship between Plasma Myeloperoxidase Levels and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Observational researches reported the underlying correlation of plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentration with respiratory tract infections (RTIs), but their causality remained unclear. Here, we examined the cause-effect relation between plasma MPO levels and RTIs.

Materials And Methods: Datasets of plasma MPO levels were from the Folkersen et al.

Correction to "Dissolution Behavior of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Heavy Oil in the Presence of Supercritical Cyclohexane".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04101.

Pressure sensing with two-color laser absorption spectroscopy for combustion diagnostics.

Pressure is an important parameter in assessing combustion performance that is typically measured using contact sensors. However, contact sensors usually disturb combustion flows and suffer from the temperature tolerance limit of sensor materials. In this Letter, an innovative noncontact two-color pressure sensing method based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is proposed.

NiRu-MoTiCO as an efficient catalyst for alkaline hydrogen evolution reactions: the role of bimetallic site interactions in promoting Volmer-step kinetics.

The Volmer step in alkaline hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs), which supplies H* to the following steps by cleaving H-O-H bonds, is considered the rate-determining step of the overall reaction. The Volmer step involves water dissociation and adsorbed hydroxyl (*OH) desorption; Ru-based catalysts display a compelling water dissociation process in an alkaline HER. Unfortunately, the strong affinity of Ru for *OH blocks the active sites, resulting in unsatisfactory performance during HER processes.

Dissolution Behavior of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Heavy Oil in the Presence of Supercritical Cyclohexane.

Supercritical cyclohexane (SC-cyclohexane) shows significant advantages in mild operating conditions and the modulation of product distribution. To gain insights into the upgrading process of heavy oil in SC-cyclohexane, the dissolution process of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contained in heavy oil was simulated based on molecular dynamics with the use of naphthalene, benzopyrene, and mixtures of naphthalene and benzopyrene as the model compounds. As indicated by the radial distribution function results, in SC-cyclohexane exhibiting low density, cyclohexane formed a solvent shell around PAHs such that the local concentration was reduced and the aggregation of PAHs was inhibited.

Effect of "Tongdu Qishen" acupuncture on expressions of ferroptosis-related factors in the hippocampus of APPswe/PS1dE9 Mice.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of "Tongdu Qishen" acupuncture［dredging the Govern Vessel and normalizing mental activities, electroacupuncture (EA) of "Baihui" (GV20), "Yintang" (EX-HN3) and "Shuigou" (GV26) needling］on the learning-memory ability and the mechanism of ferroptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice.

Methods: Twenty-four male APPswe/PS1dE9 mice were randomly and equally divided into model group and EA group, and 12 normal C57BL/6 mice were used as the control group. In the EA group, EA (2 Hz/100 Hz, 20 min) was applied to GV20 and EX-HN3 in combination with manual acupuncture stimulation of GV26.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting all-cause mortality in American adult hypertensive populations.

Hypertension stands as the predominant global cause of mortality. A notable deficiency exists in terms of predictive models for mortality among individuals with hypertension. We aim to devise an effective nomogram model that possesses the capability to forecast all-cause mortality within hypertensive populations.

Emerging relationship between hydrogen sulfide and ferroptosis: A literature review.

Gaseous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can function as a signaling molecule similar to nitric oxide or carbon monoxide under physiological conditions, ultimately exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant activities. Many studies have investigated the role of H2S in a variety of biological contexts, and both endogenous H2S and H2S donors have been leveraged as tools for fundamental biomedical research, and it has been suggested that they may provide value for the design of novel therapeutic strategies in the years to come. Ferroptotic cell death is a distinct programmed cell death resulting from excessive lipid peroxidation in an iron-dependent manner, and is characterized by high levels of iron accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and peroxidation of cellular lipids.

Computer-Aided Detection for Chest Radiography to Improve the Quality of Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Vietnam's District Health Facilities: An Implementation Study.

In Vietnam, chest radiography (CXR) is used to refer people for GeneXpert (Xpert) testing to diagnose tuberculosis (TB), demonstrating high yield for TB but a wide range of CXR abnormality rates. In a multi-center implementation study, computer-aided detection (CAD) was integrated into facility-based TB case finding to standardize CXR interpretation. CAD integration was guided by a programmatic framework developed for routine implementation.

[Role of Nrf2/GPX4 mediated ferroptosis in intestinal injury in sepsis].

Objective: To investigate whether ferroptosis exists in sepsis induced intestinal injury, and to verify the association between ferroptosis in sepsis induced intestinal injury and intestinal inflammation and barrier function by stimulating and inhibiting the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/glutathione peroxidase 4 (Nrf2/GPX4) pathway.

Methods: Forty-eight SPF grade male Sprague-Darvley (SD) rats with a body weight of 220-250 g were divided into sham operation group (Sham group), sepsis group (CLP group), sepsis+iron chelating agent deferoxamine (DFO) group (CLP+DFO group) and sepsis+ferroptosis inducer Erastin group (CLP+Erastin group) using a random number table method, with 12 rats in each group. The sepsis model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).