Dietary protein intake and PM on ovarian cancer survival: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Evolving evidence suggests both protein consumption and particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers (PM) might be related to ovarian cancer (OC) mortality. However, no epidemiological studies have explored their potential interaction.

Urban sensing in the era of large language models.

Urban sensing has become increasingly important as cities evolve into the centers of human activities. Large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for urban sensing based on commonsense and worldview that emerged through their language-centric framework. This paper illustrates the transformative impact of LLMs, particularly in the potential of advancing next-generation urban sensing for exploring urban mechanisms.

Association of rapid eye movement sleep latency with multimodal biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Sleep disturbances are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), but the relationship between sleep architecture, particularly rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and AD/ADRD biomarkers remains unclear.

Methods: We enrolled 128 adults (64 with Alzheimer's disease, 41 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and 23 with normal cognition [NC]), mean age 70.8 ± 9.

Enhancing Cordyceps Sinensis shelf life: The role of liquid nitrogen spray freezing in maintaining hypha structure and reducing metabolic degradation.

Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) is a valuable edible fungus, known for its therapeutic benefits, including immune enhancement and anti-inflammatory effects, making it an important component in nutritional applications. However, its delicate nature makes long-term storage challenging, with conventional freezing often leading to the loss of bioactive compounds.

The evolution of chemical ordering and property in Fe Se upon intercalation ratios.

Intercalation has been considered as an effective method to explore innovative two-dimensional (2D) materials and modify their properties. However, the relationship between intercalation concentration, structure, and property remains a largely uncharted territory, and the controllable synthesis of desired intercalated phases faces challenges. Here, a general intercalated rule for the effect of self-intercalation ratio on atomic arrangements is revealed.

Storage Stability Enhancement of Lactic Acid Beverage Using Anti-MDA NJAU-01: The Antioxidant's Role.

This study evaluated the inhibitory efficacy of NJAU-01 (NJAU-01) on oxidation associated with malondialdehyde (MDA) and utilized the bacteria in a functional lactic acid beverage. The antioxidant capacity of the bacteria was measured in vitro, the production conditions (inoculum, fermentation time, and sugar addition) of the lactic acid beverage were optimized, and the effects of NJAU-01 on antioxidant, flavor profile, and storage stability of lactic acid beverages were investigated. The results revealed that NJAU-01 exhibited a high tolerance towards MDA at 40 mM, and that it also exhibited outstanding antioxidant capacity in vitro and antioxidant enzyme activity throughout its growth stage.

Designer topological-single-atom catalysts with site-specific selectivity.

Designing catalysts with well-defined, identical sites that achieve site-specific selectivity, and activity remains a significant challenge. In this work, we introduce a design principle of topological-single-atom catalysts (T-SACs) guided by density functional theory (DFT) and Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) calculations, where metal single atoms are arranged in asymmetric configurations that electronic shield topologically misorients d orbitals, minimizing unwanted interactions between reactants and the support surface. Mn/CeO catalysts, synthesized via a charge-transfer-driven approach, demonstrate superior catalytic activity and selectivity for NO removal.

Low-cost 3D human body reconstruction under limited views and girth measurement for the apparel customisation.

To enhance the convenience of human body 3D modelling, this study proposes a low-cost method for 3D body reconstruction under limited views, aiming to easily acquire client body size information through smart phone photography. The human body photos of the front, side and back view are captured, and background removal is performed using the U-Net human segmentation model. The PIFuHD model is utilised to obtain single-view point cloud patches, which are then mapped onto 2D images.

Impact of Species and Tissue Differences on In Vitro Glucuronidation of Diclofenac.

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of species and tissue differences on the glucuronidation of diclofenac in vitro.

Method: Microsomes from different species (rat, monkey, mouse, dog, and human) and rat and human tissues (liver, intestine, and kidney) were used to assess the rate of glucuronidation reaction of diclofenac. The metabolites were quantified using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and fitted into a Michaelis-Menten model to determine the metabolic kinetic parameters.

Extraction, detection, bioactivity, and product development of luteolin: A review.

Luteolin is a kind of natural flavonoid, widely existing in a variety of plants, has been revealed to have a wide range of biological activities. In recent years, the research results of luteolin are abundant. Here we review the latest research results of luteolin in order to provide new ideas for further research and development of luteolin.

YafN-YafO toxin-antitoxin system contributes to stress resistance and virulence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a major threat to the poultry industry, causing bloodstream and extraintestinal infections. Type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are known to aid bacterial pathogens in adapting to stress, promoting persister cell formation, and enhancing virulence. While type II TA systems have been extensively studied in many pathogens, APEC-derived TAs have received limited attention.

Nucleus-translocated GCLM promotes chemoresistance in colorectal cancer through a moonlighting function.

Metabolic enzymes perform moonlighting functions during tumor progression, including the modulation of chemoresistance. However, the underlying mechanisms of these functions remain elusive. Here, utilizing a metabolic clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 knockout library screen, we observe that the loss of glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), a rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione biosynthesis, noticeably increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to platinum-based chemotherapy.

Electrostatic Force-Enabled Microneedle Patches that Exploit Photoredox Catalysis for Transdermal Phototherapy.

Microneedle patches for topical administration of photodynamic therapy (PDT) sensitizers are attractive owing to their safety, selectivity, and noninvasiveness. However, low-efficiency photosensitizer delivery coupled with the limitations of the hypoxic tumor microenvironment remains challenging. To overcome these issues, we developed an effective microneedle patch based on intermolecular electrostatic interactions within a photosensitizer matrix containing a zinc-containing porphyrin analogue, .

Experimental and formula deduction on the mechanical performance of Fang in Dou-Gong of Song dynasty.

In Song dynasty, Dou-Gong construction techniques, Tou-Xin-Zao and Ji-Xin-Zao, varied by the number of Fang connecting to the exterior. This study examines the impact of Fang connections on the mechanical characteristics of Dou-Gong. Six full-scale models were constructed and subjected to quasi-static loading tests in the horizontal Beam and Fang directions under vertical load.

Transposon mutagenesis identifies the sspA-sspB operon as essential for serum resistance and virulence in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) constitutes a significant threat to poultry health worldwide, causing colibacillosis and inflicting substantial economic losses. The ability to resist serum-mediated killing is a key virulence factor enabling APEC to circumvent the host immune system and establish systemic infection. In this study, we employed mariner-based transposon mutagenesis to generate a mutant library of APEC strain E058 and screened for mutants with reduced serum resistance.

Worldwide patterns and trends in ovarian cancer incidence by histological subtype: a population-based analysis from 1988 to 2017.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with multiple histological subtypes, showing global variability in incidence. Temporal changes in diagnostic criteria and risk factors might influence the incidence and distribution of OC and its subtypes.

Methods: This study analyzed incidence patterns (2013-2017) and trends (1988-1992 to 2013-2017) of OC and its subtypes across 65 and 40 countries, respectively.

Ru-Ph Nanozyme-Based Hydrogels for Tumor Chemodynamic Therapy by Enhancing Enzyme Catalytic Efficiency Through Multiple Pathways.

The discovery of nanozymes has opened new possibilities for tumor therapy. However, their reliance on the tumor microenvironment and limited catalytic efficiency hinder broader applications. In this study, ruthenium-phenanthroline nanoparticles (Ru-Phs) are synthesized by combining ruthenium with phenanthroline and subsequently coloaded with the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) pantoprazole into sodium alginate (ALG) to form a Ru-Phs-PPI-ALG hydrogel for in situ tumor therapy.

The nuclear condensates of ESE3/EHF induce cellular senescence without the associated inflammatory secretory phenotype in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Senescent cells are in a stable state of cell cycle arrest, leading to a natural barrier to tumorigenesis. Senescent cells secrete a pool of molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and growth factors, termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), paradoxically contributing to pro-tumorigenic processes. However, the mechanism for regulating senescence and SASP in tumor cells remains unclear.

Structurally diverse chromane meroterpenoids from Rhododendron capitatum with multifunctional neuroprotective effects.

Eleven new chromane meroterpenoids (1-11), along with 24 known ones (12-35) were isolated from Rhododendron capitatum, a Tibetan medicine. Their structures were determined via extensive spectroscopic methods. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by comparison of the experimental and theoretically calculated ECD data.

FTO activates PD-L1 promotes immunosuppression in breast cancer via the m6A/YTHDF3/PDK1 axis under hypoxic conditions.

Introduction: Altered epigenetic reprogramming enables breast cancer cells to adapt to hypoxic stress. Hypoxic microenvironment can alter immune cell infiltration and function, limiting the effectiveness of immunotherapy.

Objectives: The study aimed to identify how fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) helps breast cancer cells cope with the hypoxic microenvironment and the mechanisms behind breast cancer cell resistance to tumor immunity.

Proteomics for Biomarker Discovery in Gynecological Cancers: A Systematic Review.

The present study aims to summarize the current biomarker landscape in gynecological cancers (GCs) and incorporate bioinformatics analysis to highlight specific biological processes. The literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Cochrane Library. The final search was conducted on December 7, 2022.

Overproduction of Cucurbitadienol through Modular Metabolic Engineering and Fermentation Optimization in .

Cucurbitadienol is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of cucurbitane-type compounds and serves as a precursor for mogrosides, cucurbitacins, and other valuable natural products of potential biological and food importance. However, microbial fermentation for cucurbitadienol production remains inefficient, limiting its potential for further industrial application. This study achieved the efficient synthesis of cucurbitadienol through a multimodular strategy.

Conditional Tnfaip6-Knockout in Inner Ear Hair Cells Does not Alter Auditory Function.

Noise-induced hearing loss is a worldwide public health issue that is characterized by temporary or permanent changes in hearing sensitivity. This condition is closely linked to inflammatory responses, and interventions targeting the inflammatory gene tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) are known to mitigate cochlear noise damage. TNFα-induced proteins (TNFAIPs) are a family of translucent acidic proteins, and TNFAIP6 has a notable association with inflammatory responses.

Deep Fusion of Skeleton Spatial-Temporal and Dynamic Information for Action Recognition.

Focusing on the issue of the low recognition rates achieved by traditional deep-information-based action recognition algorithms, an action recognition approach was developed based on skeleton spatial-temporal and dynamic features combined with a two-stream convolutional neural network (TS-CNN). Firstly, the skeleton's three-dimensional coordinate system was transformed to obtain coordinate information related to relative joint positions. Subsequently, this relevant joint information was encoded as a color texture map to construct the spatial-temporal feature descriptor of the skeleton.

Multifunctional all-dielectric quarter-wave plate metasurfaces for generating focused vector beams of Bell-like states.

The generation of vector beams using metasurfaces is crucial for the manipulation of light fields and has significant application potential, ranging from classical physics to quantum science. This paper introduces a novel dielectric metasurface composed of quarter-wave plate (QWP) meta-atoms, known as a QWP metasurface, designed to generate focused vector beams (VBs) of Bell-like states under right circularly polarized illumination. The propagation phase imparted on both the co- and cross-polarized components of the output field constructs hyperbolic and helical phase profiles with topological charge , whereas the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase acts only on the cross-polarized component to construct another helical phase profile with topological charge .