Circulating metabolome in relation to cognitive impairment: a community-based cohort of older adults.

The role of circulating metabolome in cognitive impairment is inconclusive, and whether the associations are in the severity-dependent manner remains unclear. We aimed to identify plasma metabolites associated with cognitive impairment and evaluate the added predictive capacity of metabolite biomarkers on incident cognitive impairment beyond traditional risk factors. In the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study (RuLAS), plasma metabolome was profiled by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

[Analysis of clinical characteristics and genetic variants in two pedigrees affected with Autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder 49].

Objective: To explore the clinical and genetic features of two Chinese pedigrees affected with Autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder 49 (MRD49).

Methods: Two MRD49 pedigrees which were admitted to the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University respectively on January 28, 2021 and November 10, 2022 were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data of the two pedigrees were collected and analyzed.

Towards precision aviation emission modeling: A hybrid paradigm of convolutional neural networks and semi-empirical formulas for full flight phase gas pollutant indices.

As the aviation industry expands, the environmental and climatic impacts of aviation emissions are becoming critically important. These emissions, especially gaseous pollutants, significantly deteriorate air quality and contribute to climate change by altering atmospheric structures. Current models for predicting these emissions face high data reliance and limited accuracy.

Non-early catheter ablation vs drug therapy in atrial fibrillation: Results from the CABANA trial.

Background: Early rhythm control reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Despite the superiority of catheter ablation in maintaining sinus rhythm, the knowledge gaps regarding the prognostic benefits of non-early (onset of AF ≥1 year) ablation remain.

Objective: The study aimed to describe outcomes of non-early AF in the CABANA trial.

Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction by Angiography-Based Index of Microcirculatory Resistance: An Indirect Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: There is a lack of consensus on diagnosing coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) using the angiography-based index of microcirculatory resistance (Angio-IMR) due to the absence of evidence. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of Angio-IMR in diagnosing CMD.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for studies primarily focusing on Angio-IMR diagnosing CMD, using IMR as the gold standard.

Association Between Dietary Diversity and Subjective Cognitive Decline in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between dietary diversity and risk of subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a precursor of dementia, in middle-aged and elderly Chinese populations residing in eastern China.

Methods: Participants aged ≥ 45 years were recruited from a community in an eastern Chinese city after excluding potential objective cognitive impairment using the Mini-Cognitive Assessment Instrument (Mini-Cog). SCD was assessed using the Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire-9 (SCD-Q9).

Effect of Nicotinamide Riboside Against the Exhaustion of CD8 T Cells via Alleviating Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

: Targeting mitochondria and protecting the mitochondrial function of CD8 T cells are crucial for enhancing the clinical efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. : In this study, our objective was to investigate the potential of nicotinamide riboside (NR) in preserving the mitochondrial function of CD8 T cells and mitigating their exhaustion. : We established two in vitro models to induce CD8 T cell exhaustion either by tumor cell-conditioned medium (TCM) or by continuous stimulation with OVA peptide.

Study on Springback Behavior in Hydroforming of Micro Channels for a Metal Bipolar Plate.

Bipolar plates are one of the most important components of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. With the miniaturization of bipolar plate flow channel sizes and the increasing demand for precision, springback has become a key focus of research in the bipolar plate forming process. In this paper, the hydroforming process for 316L stainless steel bipolar plates was studied, and an FEM model was built to examine the stress and strain at various locations on the longitudinal section of the plate.

A causal association between chemokines and the risk of lung cancer: a univariate and multivariate mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies and experimental evidence have shown that chemokines play important roles in lung cancer development, progression, and treatment. However, few studies have examined the causal association between them.

Methods: Summary data of chemokines and lung cancer were obtained from genome-wide association studies.

Integration of ecological restoration and landscape aesthetics: Mechanisms of microplastic retention by optimization of aquatic plants landscape design in urban constructed wetlands - A case study of the living water park in Chengdu.

Microplastic (MP) pollution is prevalent in urban water environments, with increasing evidence of its negative environmental impacts. This study examines the role and mechanisms of aquatic plant landscapes in the ecological remediation of MP (0.05-5 mm) in urban constructed wetland parks, using the Living Water Park in Chengdu as a case study.

Time-dependent corrosion behavior of EH36 steel caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on big data monitoring technology.

Marine microbial corrosion poses a significant threat to the safe service of marine engineering equipment. Previous studies have often failed to thoroughly analyze the continuous and prolonged microbial corrosion process, resulting in an incomplete understanding of microbial corrosion mechanisms involved at various stages and the development of ineffective control strategies. This study employed a corrosion big data online real-time monitoring technique to investigate the time-dependent corrosion behavior of EH36 steel caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in aerobic environments over a 30-d incubation period.

Noninvasive Immunotyping and Immunotherapy Monitoring of Lung Cancers via Nuclear Imaging of LAG-3 and PD-L1.

Immunotherapy has significantly improved cancer patient survival, while its efficacy remains limited due to the reliance on a single marker like PD-L1 as well as its spatiotemporal heterogeneity. To address this issue, combining lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) with PD-L1 is proposed for identifying immunotypes and monitoring immunotherapy through nuclear imaging. In short, Tc-HYNIC-αLAG-3 and Tc-HYNIC-αPD-L1 probes are synthesized using anti-human LAG-3 and PD-L1 antibodies, respectively.

Non-invasive prediction of human embryonic ploidy using artificial intelligence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Embryonic ploidy is critical for the success of embryo transfer. Currently, preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) is the gold standard for detecting ploidy abnormalities. However, PGT-A has several inherent limitations, including invasive biopsy, high economic burden, and ethical constraints.

Trends in hospitalization for female breast and gynecological cancer in China from 2004 to 2020.

Breast and gynecological cancers are common cancers with high mortality and have profound effects on the various physical functions of women. This study assessed trends in the number of hospitalizations, in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and hospital charges for female breast and gynecological cancer from 2004 to 2020. The data for this study come from the China Health Statistics Yearbook.

Resveratrol alleviates Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate-induced mitophagy, ferroptosis, and immunological dysfunction in grass carp hepatocytes by regulating the Nrf2 pathway.

Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) is the major biologically active metabolite of Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). This MEHP mono-ester metabolite can be transported through the bloodstream into tissues such as the liver, kidneys, fat, and testes and cause corresponding damage. Resveratrol (RSV) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and detoxification characteristics.

A canonical protein complex controls immune homeostasis and multipathogen resistance.

The calcium (Ca) sensor ROD1 (RESISTANCE OF RICE TO DISEASES1) is a master regulator of immunity in rice. By screening suppressors of mutants, we show that ROD1 governs immune homeostasis by surveilling the activation of a canonical immune pathway. Mutations in (), (), (), and () all abolish enhanced disease resistance of plants.

Location-Specific Microenvironment Modulation Around Single-Atom Metal Sites in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Boosting Catalysis.

Despite coordination environment of catalytic metal sites has been recognized to be of great importance in single-atom catalysts (SACs), a significant challenge remains in the understanding how the location-specific microenvironment in the higher coordination sphere influences their catalysis. Herein, a series of Cu-based SACs, namely Cu/UiO-66-X (X=-NO, -H, and -NH), are successfully constructed by anchoring single Cu atoms onto the Zr-oxo clusters of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), i.e.

Preparation of hydrophilic PVDF membranes through in situ assembly of phytate-polyethyleneimine-Fe for efficient separation of herbal volatile oil from oily water.

In the realm of oil-water separation technologies, membrane-based separation emerges as an efficacious approach. Nevertheless, crafting a hydrophilic membrane capable of effectively segregating herbal volatile oil remains a formidable challenge. Our study introduces a facile in situ assembly strategy for fabricating a double-crosslinked composite coating comprising phytate (PA)-polyethyleneimine (PEI) polyelectrolyte complexes and PA-Fe⁺ assemblies.

Evolutionary dynamics of stochastic games in set-structured populations.

In structured populations, the ecology of games may vary over neighborhoods. The effect of the ecological variations on population dynamics remains largely unknown. We here incorporate the ecological variations into the set-structured populations to explore the coevolutionary dynamics of the ecology and cooperation.

Insight into the natural regulatory mechanisms and clinical applications of the CRISPR-Cas system.

CRISPR-Cas, the adaptive immune system exclusive to prokaryotes, confers resistance against foreign mobile genetic elements. The CRISPR-Cas system is now being exploited by scientists in a diverse range of genome editing applications. CRISPR-Cas systems can be categorized into six different types based on their composition and mechanism, and there are also natural regulatory biomolecules in bacteria and bacteriophages that can either enhance or inhibit the immune function of CRISPR-Cas.