Was it Ewing's? A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma.

We present an atypical case of histopathology suggesting hemangioendothelioma and immunohistochemistry-proven Ewing's sarcoma in a 39-year-old lady who presented with multiple stony hard swellings involving the occipital region of the scalp, right cervical lymph node, right scapular region, left infraclavicular region of the chest, right anterior abdominal wall swelling, and inner aspect of right thigh. She underwent left-sided below-knee amputation for parosteal osteosarcoma in the left distal tibia 3 years back. Palliative radiotherapy with dose of 30 Gy in 10 fractions over 2 weeks was administered to the right neck and right upper back following which she attained moderate pain relief but no reduction in swellings as was expected had it been a case of hemangioendothelioma or Ewing's sarcoma.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of maxillary sinus successfully treated with radiotherapy and corticosteroid: report of a rare case.

Background: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a mesenchymal tumor mainly found in lung or retroperitoneum and rarely affects head and neck region. Extensive English literature search reveals that less than fifty cases of head and neck IMT have been reported so far, maxillary sinus being fewer.

Case Presentation: We present a case of IMT involving maxillary sinus in a 48-year-old gentleman who attained complete clinico-radiologic response after treatment with radiotherapy (RT) and concurrent oral prednisolone.

Hamartoma of Palatine Tonsil: A Rare Case.

Hamartomas are disorganized but benign masses composed of cells indigenous to the involved site. They have been reported in almost all organs but are rare in the head and neck region, especially the pharynx. We describe the case of a six-month-old male infant who presented with acute respiratory symptoms due to a pedunculated polypoid mass arising from his left palatine tonsil.

Fine needle aspiration cytology of non-hematological neoplasms in pediatric age group: Our experience.

Background: The role of aspiration cytology has largely been ignored in pediatric population. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in non-hematological neoplasms in children in our institution, which is a rural tertiary care center.

Materials And Methods: A total of 88 cases of non-hematological pediatric mass lesions were studied in which cytopathological diagnosis could be corroborated with histopathology.

Invasive primary aspergillosis of the larynx presenting as hoarseness and a chronic nonhealing laryngeal ulcer in an immunocompetent host: a rare entity.

Primary aspergillosis usually affects the paranasal sinuses, orbit, ear, and lower respiratory tract. Laryngeal aspergillosis usually occurs as a result of secondary invasion from the tracheobronchial tree, more commonly in immunocompromised hosts. Primary laryngeal localization of Aspergillus infection is seldom encountered.

USG guided FNAC of ovarian mass lesions: A cyto-histopathological correlation, with emphasis on its role in pre-operative management guidelines.

Objective: Ultrasonography (USG)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of ovarian masses is an efficient diagnostic modality for accurately diagnosing ovarian tumours prior to surgery. The main aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAC in diagnosing ovarian masses.

Material And Methods: Eighty-three patients with ovarian masses were recruited and correlation of USG-guided FNAC was made with histopathology in all but 6 cases, where surgery was not indicated.

A rare case of gangrenous appendicitis by eggs of Taenia species.

Cysticercosis and Taeniasis continue to be a major public health burden in the developing countries like India. Humans are the only definitive hosts infected by ingestion of eggs of Taenia species. Appendicular Taeniasis is rare with few isolated case reports during the past 30 years.

Cutaneous Chromoblastomycosis Mimicking Tuberculosis Verrucosa Cutis: Look for Copper Pennies!

Chromoblastomycosis is a rare chronic fungal infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue. It is primarily a disease of tropical and subtropical regions and affects mainly the agricultural workers following trauma with vegetable matter. Cutaneous Chromoblastomycosis may clinically mimic cutaneous tuberculosis as both the condition usually presents with hyper pigmented verrucous lesion of skin.

Primary bilateral small lymphocytic lymphoma of ocular adnexal origin: Imprint cytology suggests the intraoperative diagnosis.

Ocular adnexal lymphomas (OAL) involve the peri-global soft tissues like orbit, eyelid, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland. We describe a rare case of primary bilateral OAL, histomorphologically small lymphocytic lymphoma, B cell phenotype of lacrimal gland origin. Rapid intraoperative diagnosis can be suggested on imprint cytology; subsequent histology and immunohistochemistry are helpful for confirmation and further line of management.

Fine-needle sampling provides appreciable diagnostic yield in lesions of post kala azar dermal leishmaniasis: analysis of four cases from North Eastern India.

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a sequel of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), usually occurring 6 months to 3 years after VL. Spectrum of cutaneous lesions in PKDL can be hypopigmented macules, nodules, plaques, or erythema. It is usually diagnosed clinically, supplemented by ancillary techniques like skin smear examination, histopathology, polymerase chain reaction, and monoclonal antibody test.

Computed tomography guided fine needle aspiration cytology of mass lesions of lung: Our experience.

Context: Computerized tomography (CT) guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of lung lesions has rapidly emerged as a less-invasive, cheap, rapid and fairly accurate diagnostic aid in lung lesions.

Aims: The purpose of this present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CT-guided FNAC in the diagnosis of pulmonary mass lesions (both benign and malignant) and to determine the complication rate of this procedure.

Settings And Design: We conducted an institution-based, prospective study on 127 patients who presented with pulmonary mass lesions.

Clinicopathologic study of parapharyngeal tumors.

Background: Parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors are rare. Three main groups are identified, namely those of salivary origin, neurogenic tumors and paragangliomas. Early pathological classification of PPS tumors is important for pin point diagnosis and timely management.

Secondary signet ring cell carcinoma of prostate.

True metastases to prostate from solid tumors are reported only in 0.2% of all surgical prostatic specimens and 2.9% of all male postmortems.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma-diagnostic challenge on fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a rare cutaneous lesion with paucity of literature on its cytological features. We report one such case which on fine-needle aspiration cytology yielded a mixed population of foamy histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells and variable admixture of lymphocytes and eosinophils causing diagnostic dilemma with other differentials, especially Langerhans cell histiocytosis. However, clinical correlation followed by histopathology confirmed the diagnosis.

Cytodiagnosis of cutaneous histoplasmosis in HIV positive patient initially presenting with multiple umbilicated disseminated skin nodules.

Histoplasmosis is usually an opportunistic fungal infection in patients with defective cell mediated immunity, and has been considered as one of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) defining illness. However, cutaneous involvement in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients is less common, and very rarely can be the initial presenting symptom for the diagnosis of AIDS. We present here an unusual case of multiple diffuse cutaneous nodular lesions predominantly in face, trunk, and upper extremities diagnosed initially on aspiration cytology as histoplasmosis.

Cytopathological dilemma of anaplastic sacral chordoma with radiological and histological corroboration.

Chordoma is a relatively rare locally invasive and potentially malignant tumor of fetal notochord origin, affecting the axial skeleton. Cytopathological diagnosis of chordoma is favored by the presence of characteristic physaliphorous cells, bearing abundant foamy cytoplasm dispersed in a myxoid matrix. Anaplastic chordoma or dedifferentiated chordoma, an even rarer variant, can cause a diagnostic confusion with chondrosarcoma from the cytopathological point of view, with similar chondromyxoid matrix and atypical cells.

Cytological diagnosis of adamantinoma of long bone in a 78-year-old man.

A clinicohistopathological study of a rare case of adamantinoma of long bone in a 78-year-old patient is presented. The cytological features when evaluated in conjunction with clinical and radiologic features are sufficiently diagnostic. The primary knowledge of its existence and knowledge of its cytological features are important for a correct preoperative cytological diagnosis.

Guided fine needle aspiration cytology of retroperitoneal masses - Our experience.

Background: Early pathological classification of retroperitoneal masses is important for pin-point diagnosis and timely management.

Aims: This study was done to evaluate the usefulness and drawbacks of guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of retroperitoneal masses covering a period of two years with an intention to distinguish between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions and to correlate with histologic findings.

Materials And Methods: FNAC was done under radiological guidance in all cases using long needle fitted with disposable syringe.

Calcaneal intraosseous lipoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Intraosseous lipomas are rare benign bone tumors. This benign neoplasm has been reported to occur in the calcaneus as well as the proximal femur. In the past, the relative absence of symptoms and radiographic similarity to a bone cyst has accounted for underdiagnosis of intraosseous lipoma.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis-utility of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in preventing unnecessary surgery.

Objective: Granulomatous mastitis is a benign disorder which closely mimics malignancy clinico-radiologically. A simple and cost effective modality like fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can help in prompt diagnosis and avoid unnecessary surgery.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study where data were collected for granulomatous lesions of the breast diagnosed by histopathology in a five year period and review of FNAC slides.

Calcified pure uterine lipoma mimicking myoma.

Pure lipoma of the uterus is a rare entity and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Clinical symptoms and signs are similar to those found in leiomyoma and create preoperative diagnostic confusion. The histogenesis is still unclear.

Hydatid cyst of ovary- a rare entity.

Hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. It is prevalent in areas where livestock is raised in association with dogs. Humans are the accidental intermediate host.

Endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina in children: a report of two cases.

Malignant tumors of the vagina in infants and children are rare, with primary germ cell tumor (endodermal sinus tumor [EST]) being rarer, which carries a dismal prognosis. This tumor is often clinically mistaken as botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma and, on histopathological examination, is often misdiagnosed as clear cell adenocarcinoma. Two cases of EST of the vagina in infants aged 9 and 17 months are reported.

Fine needle aspiration diagnosis of bilateral dysgerminoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells.

Dysgerminoma accounts for only 1-3% of ovarian cancers and about 30-40% of all ovarian germ cell malignant tumors. Literature states that about 2% of nonpregnant patients with dysgerminomas present with elevated serum or urine levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Here, we report a 34 year-old multiparous woman presenting with an abdominal lump, ascites, and abdominal pain with elevated urinary and serum hCG levels.