Characteristics of hospital pharmacist interventions and their clinical, economic and organizational impacts: a five-year observational study on the French National Observatory.

Background: Since 2006, French hospital pharmacists have been able to document their interventions in the National Observatory Act-IP© and, since 2016, to assess the potential clinical, economic and organizational impacts of pharmacist interventions (PIs) via the CLEO© tool.

Aim: To describe pharmacist interventions in French hospitals from 2017 to 2021 and to evaluate their potential impacts using the CLEO© tool.

Method: The study was conducted to examine PIs documented in the Act-IP© Observatory.

strains associated with bone prosthesis infections cannot evade the host immune system.

Introduction: is a commensal skin bacterium that is involved in bone prosthesis infections (BPIs) and presents low-grade clinical symptoms. has been thought to escape the immune system at bone sites.

Material And Methods: Our study was carried out on a laboratory strain and two BPI-related clinical strains, one of which surprisingly induced clinical symptoms of inflammation in the patient.

Cutibacterium acnes biofilm formation is influenced by bone microenvironment, implant surfaces and bacterial internalization.

Background: The bacterial persistence, responsible for therapeutic failures, can arise from the biofilm formation, which possesses a high tolerance to antibiotics. This threat often occurs when a bone and joint infection is diagnosed after a prosthesis implantation. Understanding the biofilm mechanism is pivotal to enhance prosthesis joint infection (PJI) treatment and prevention.

Antifungal and Coagulation Properties of a Copper (I) Oxide Nanopowder Produced by Out-of-Phase Pulsed Sonoelectrochemistry.

Copper (I) oxide (cuprite) is a material widely used nowadays, and its versatility is further amplified when it is brought to the nanometric size. Among the possible applications of this nanomaterial, one of the most interesting is that in the medical field. This paper presents a cuprite nanopowder study with the aim of employing it in medical applications.

UVC Box: An Effective Way to Quickly Decontaminate Healthcare Facilities' Wheelchairs.

Disinfection in the hospital environment remains challenging, especially for wide and structurally complex objects such as beds or wheelchairs. Indeed, the regular disinfection of these objects with chemicals is manually carried out by healthcare workers and is fastidious and time-consuming. Alternative antibacterial techniques were thus proposed in the past decades, including the use of naturally antimicrobial UVC.

The acute inflammatory response to copper(II)-doped biphasic calcium phosphates.

Infection and inflammation are two key features to consider to avoid septic or aseptic loosening of bone-implanted biomaterials. In this context, various approaches to fine-tune the biomaterial's properties have been studied in order to modulate the crosstalk between immune and skeletal cells. Cation-doping strategies for tuning of calcium phosphates properties has been evidenced as a promising way to control the biomaterial-induced inflammatory process, and thus improving their osteoimmunomodulatory properties.

Cytocompatibility of titanium and poly(etheretherketone) surfaces after O2 non-thermal plasma sterilization.

The sterilization of medical devices is paramount to achieve an acceptable level of sterility assurance and to prevent hospital-acquired infections. However, some medical devices cannot be sterilized by usual processes such as autoclave (AC) and gamma-ray irradiation (GI). A new non-thermal plasma (NTP) process using sealed bag that preserves the sterile state of the devices could be used as an alternative sterilization method.

Approaching prosthesis infection environment: Development of an innovative biofilm model.

The major role and implication of bacterial biofilms in the case of bone and prosthesis infections have been highlighted and often linked to implant colonization. Management strategies of these difficult-to-treat infections consist in surgeries and antibiotic treatment, but the rate of relapse remains high, especially if , a high-virulent pathogen, is involved. Therapeutic approaches are not adapted to the specific features of biofilm in bone context whereas infectious environment is known to importantly influence biofilm structure.

Behavior on Artificial Surfaces Mimicking Bone Environment.

Infections, which interfere with bone regeneration, may be a critical issue to consider during the development of biomimetic material. Calcium phosphate (CaP) and type I collagen substrates, both suitable for bone-regeneration dedicated scaffolds, may favor bacterial adhesion. possesses adhesins that allow binding to CaP or collagen.

Effects of Ageing in Disinfectant Solution on the Corrosion Resistance and Antimicrobial Behavior of Copper Alloys.

This work studies two copper-based alloys as potential antimicrobial weapons for sectors where surface hygiene is essential. Effects of different alloying elements addition at the same Cu content (92.5% by weight) on the corrosion resistance and the antibacterial performance of two copper alloys were studied in an aerated disinfectant solution (0.

The Fission Yeast Mating-Type Switching Motto: "One-for-Two" and "Two-for-One".

Schizosaccharomyces pombe is an ascomycete fungus that divides by medial fission; it is thus commonly referred to as fission yeast, as opposed to the distantly related budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The reproductive lifestyle of S. pombe relies on an efficient genetic sex determination system generating a 1:1 sex ratio and using alternating haploid/diploid phases in response to environmental conditions.

Human Osteoblast-Conditioned Media Can Influence Biofilm Formation.

Osteoblasts are bone-forming and highly active cells participating in bone homeostasis. In the case of osteomyelitis and more specifically prosthetic joint infections (PJI) for which () is mainly involved, the interaction between osteoblasts and results in impaired bone homeostasis. If, so far, most of the studies of osteoblasts and interactions were focused on osteoblast response following direct interactions with co-culture and/or internalization models, less is known about the effect of osteoblast factors on biofilm formation.

Inhibition of Recruitment and Activation of Neutrophils by Pyridazinone-Scaffold-Based Compounds.

In inflammatory diseases, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are known to produce elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteases. To limit ensuing exacerbated cell responses and tissue damage, novel therapeutic agents are sought. 4aa and 4ba, two pyridazinone-scaffold-based phosphodiesterase-IV inhibitors are compared in vitro to zardaverine for their ability to: (1) modulate production of pro-inflammatory mediators, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and phagocytosis; (2) modulate degranulation by PMNs after transepithelial lung migration.

Decellularization of Wharton's Jelly Increases Its Bioactivity and Antibacterial Properties.

The field of regenerative medicine has recently seen an emerging trend toward decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) as a biological scaffold for stem cell-delivery. Human umbilical cord represents a valuable opportunity from both technical and ethical point of view to obtain allogenic ECM. Herein, we established a protocol, allowing the full removal of cell membranes and nuclei moieties from Wharton's jelly (WJ) tissue.

Pyridazinone Derivatives Limit Osteosarcoma-Cells Growth In Vitro and In Vivo.

Osteosarcoma is a rare primary bone cancer that mostly affects children and young adults. Current therapeutic approaches consist of combining surgery and chemotherapy but remain unfortunately insufficient to avoid relapse and metastases. Progress in terms of patient survival has remained the same for 30 years.

Comparison of Two Biofilm Models.

The study of biofilms in vitro is complex and often limited by technical problems due to simplified models. Here, we compared biofilm formation, from species involved in bone and prosthesis infection, in a static model with a dynamic model. Using similar parameters, the percentage of live bacteria within the biofilm was higher in dynamic than in static approach.

Synergy between Indoloquinolines and Ciprofloxacin: An Antibiofilm Strategy against .

Antibiotic treatments can participate in the formation of bacterial biofilm in case of under dosage. The interest of indoloquinoline scaffold for drug discovery incited us to study the preparation of new indolo [2,3-]quinoline derivatives by a domino radical process. We tested the effect of two different "indoloquinoline" molecules (Indol-1 and Indol-2) without antimicrobial activity, in addition to ciprofloxacin, on biofilm formation thanks to crystal violet staining and enumeration of adhered bacteria.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells offer an immune-privileged niche to Cutibacterium acnes in case of implant-associated osteomyelitis.

Considered as some of the most devastating complications, Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes)-related osteomyelitis are among the hardest infections to diagnose and treat. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete number of immunomodulatory and antimicrobial soluble factors, making them an attractive treatment for bacterial infection.

Strain-Dependent Biofilm Formation in Bone-Like Environment.

species is an important threat for hospital healthcare because of frequent colonization of indwelling medical devices such as bone and joint prostheses through biofilm formations, leading to therapeutic failure. Furthermore, bacteria within biofilm are less sensitive to the host immune system responses and to potential antibiotic treatments. We suggested that the periprosthetic bone environment is stressful for bacteria, influencing biofilm development.

Interaction of implant infection-related commensal bacteria with mesenchymal stem cells: a comparison between Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes are involved in several tissue infections and can encounter mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during their role in tissue regenerative process. C. acnes and S.

Osteoclastogenesis and sphingosine-1-phosphate secretion from human osteoclast precursor monocytes are modulated by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

Osteopenia and increased fracture rates are well-recognized in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) disease. In CF pathology, F508del is the most common CFTR mutation, with more than 85% of patients carrying it on at least one allele. The underlying molecular defect in CFTR caused by the F508del-CFTR mutation in osteoclastogenesis, i.

Infection of Human Dental Pulp Stromal Cells by : Shedding Light on Bacteria Pathogenicity and Pulp Inflammation.

Cariogenic () is implicated in the dental pulp necrosis but also in cardiovascular tissue infections. Herein, the purpose was to elucidate how human dental pulp derived stromal cells (DPSCs) react toward a direct interaction with . DPSCs were challenged with .

Biofilm Study during Bone Cells Interaction.

is an opportunistic pathogen involved in Bone and Prosthesis Infections (BPIs). In this study, we observed the behavior of commensal and BPI strains in the bone environment through bacterial internalization by osteoblast-like cells and biofilm formation. For the commensal strains, less than 1% of the bacteria were internalized; among them, about 32.

Antibiotic Tolerance of Biofilm in Periprosthetic Joint Infections and Antibiofilm Strategies.

The need for bone and joint prostheses is currently growing due to population aging, leading to an increase in prosthetic joint infection cases. Biofilms represent an adaptive and quite common bacterial response to several stress factors which confer an important protection to bacteria. Biofilm formation starts with bacterial adhesion on a surface, such as an orthopedic prosthesis, further reinforced by matrix synthesis.

Mechanobiologically induced bone-like nodules: Matrix characterization from micro to nanoscale.

In bone tissue engineering, stem cells are known to form inhomogeneous bone-like nodules on a micrometric scale. Herein, micro- and nano-infrared (IR) micro-spectroscopies were used to decipher the chemical composition of the bone-like nodule. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed a cohesive tissue with bone-markers positive cells surrounded by dense mineralized type-I collagen.