Elevated SREBP1 accelerates the initiation and growth of pancreatic cancer by targeting SOX9.

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with an insidious onset, and little is known about its early molecular events. Here, we found that the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) expression is gradually upregulated during the initiation of pancreatic cancer. Through in vitro 3D culture of pancreatic acinar cells and experiments in LSL-Kras;Pdx1-Cre (KC) mice, we found that pharmacological inhibition of SREBP1 suppressed pancreatic tumorigenesis.

The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen for respiratory infections in children. Previous studies have reported respiratory tract microbial disturbances associated with MP infection (MPI); however, since the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory virome data in school-aged children with MPI remains insufficient. This study aims to explore the changes in the respiratory virome caused by MPI after the COVID-19 pandemic to enrich local epidemiological data.

Prognostic value and clinicopathological significance of pre-and post-treatment systemic immune-inflammation index in colorectal cancer patients: a meta-analysis.

Background: In recent years, the association between systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) has remained a topic of considerable debate. To address this, the present study was carried out to investigate the prognostic significance of SII in CRC.

Methods: Databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science were scrutinized up to March 27, 2024.

YTHDF1-mediated m6A modification of GBP4 promotes M1 macrophage polarization in acute lung injury.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe condition with multifaceted causes, including inflammation and oxidative stress. This research investigates the influence of m6A (N6-methyladenosine) modification on GBP4, a protein pivotal for macrophage polarization, a critical immune response in ALI.

Methods: Utilizing a mouse model to induce ALI, the study analyzed GBP4 expression in alveolar macrophages.

Associations between changes in the gut microbiota and liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Summaries of the relationships between the microbiota and liver cirrhosis and their conclusions are not consistent. This study describes microbial differences in patients with liver cirrhosis by performing a meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library and collected related articles published before March 10, 2024.

Inhibition of Mitochondrial Succinate Dehydrogenase with Dimethyl Malonate Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization by Enhancing STAT6 Activation.

Macrophages exhibit diverse phenotypes depending on environment status, which contribute to physiological and pathological processes of immunological diseases, including sepsis, asthma, multiple sclerosis and colitis. The alternative activation of macrophages is tightly regulated to avoid excessive activation and damage of tissues and organs. Certain works characterized that succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) altered function of macrophages and promoted inflammatory response in M1 macrophages via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Enabling ultra-flexible inorganic thin-film-based thermoelectric devices by introducing nanoscale titanium layers.

Here, we design exotic interfaces within a flexible thermoelectric device, incorporating a polyimide substrate, Ti contact layer, Cu electrode, Ti barrier layer, and thermoelectric thin film. The device features 162 pairs of thin-film legs with high room-temperature performance, using p-BiSbTe and n-BiTeSe, with figure-of-merit values of 1.39 and 1.

[Mechanism of ginsenoside Rg_1 in regulating autophagy through miR-155/Notch1/Hes1 pathway to attenuate hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in HL-1 cells].

This article explored the specific mechanism by which ginsenoside Rg_1 regulates cellular autophagy to attenuate hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R) injury in HL-1 cardiomyocytes through the microRNA155(miR-155)/neurogenic gene Notch homologous protein 1(Notch1)/hairy and enhancer of split 1(Hes1) pathway. An HL-1 cell model with H/R injury was constructed, and ginsenoside Rg_1 and/or Notch1 inhibitor DAPT and miR-155 mimics were used to treat cells. Cell counting kit(CCK)-8 was used to detect the relative viability of HL-1 cells with H/R injury.

[Regulation of Bifidobacterium-short chain fatty acid metabolism and improvement of intestinal toxicity of vinegar-processed Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix].

To explore the mechanism by which vinegar-processed Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix regulates gut microbiota and reduces intestinal toxicity, this study aimed to identify key microbial communities related to vinegar-induced detoxification and verify their functions. Using a derivatization method, the study measured the content of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) in feces before and after vinegar-processing of Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix. Combined with the results of previous gut microbiota sequencing, correlation analysis was used to identify key microbial communities related to SCFAs content.

Gender identity and activity limitations: A national study on transgender and non-binary Canadians.

Introduction: Activity limitations among transgender and non-binary individuals remain largely unexplored using population-based samples. This study examines the risk of activity limitations across different gender identities in Canada.

Method: Using data from the 2021 Canadian long-form Census, logistic regressions estimated the adjusted odds of reporting activity limitations (seeing, hearing, mobility/dexterity, mental, cognitive, and other) across gender identities.

Nanozyme-based synergistic therapeutic strategies against tumors.

Cancer remains a global health threat, with traditional treatments limited by adverse effects and drug resistance. Nanozyme-based catalytic therapy with high stability and controllable activity provides targeted and specific in situ tumor treatment to address these challenges. More intriguingly, the tremendous advances in nanotechnology have enabled nanozymes to rival the catalytic activity of natural enzymes, presenting an exciting opportunity for innovating antitumor nanodrugs.

The MCM6-c-Myc positive feedback loop mediates bladder cancer progression and cisplatin resistance.

Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone in the treatment of bladder cancer (BLCA); however, the development of chemoresistance substantially limits its efficacy and significantly affects patient survival. Thus, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying BLCA chemoresistance is critical to improving patient outcomes. Our study identified MCM6 as an oncogene that facilitates BLCA proliferation and invasion and is linked to cisplatin resistance.

Two glycoside hydrolase family 1 proteins mediate glycosylated modification at the 5-position of anthocyanin in grape hyacinth.

Glycosylation modification of anthocyanins is important as a preceding step to acylation modification. Cyanidin-3-O-(p-coumaroyl)glucoside-5-O-malonylglucoside (Cy3pCG5MaG) is one of the major anthocyanin substances in blue-flowered grape hyacinth, but its 5-position glycosylation is unknown. Here, we identified two glycoside hydrolase family 1 genes, MaAGGT1 and MaAGGT5, which use acyl-glucose as a donor and are involved in the glycosylation modification of anthocyanins in grape hyacinth.

SOX11 Silence Inhibits Atherosclerosis Progression in ApoE-Deficient Mice by Alleviating Endothelial Dysfunction.

SRY-Box Transcription Factor-11 (SOX11) is a transcriptional regulatory factor that plays a crucial role in inflammatory responses. However, its involvement in atherosclerosis (AS), a cardiovascular disease driven by endothelial cell inflammation, remains unknown. This study aims to elucidate the role of SOX11 in AS.

Baseline characteristics of patients in the Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China): a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Bronchiectasis is a disease with a global impact, but most published data come from high-income countries. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with bronchiectasis in China.

Methods: The Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China) is a prospective, observational cohort enrolling patients from 111 hospitals in China.

Ultrasmall iron-gallic acid coordination polymer nanoparticles for scavenging ROS and suppressing inflammation in tauopathy-induced Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder globally, with no effective treatment available yet. A crucial pathological hallmark of AD is the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, which is deteriorated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neuroinflammation in AD progression. Thus, alleviation of ROS and inflammation has become a potential therapeutic strategy in many studies.

Genome-wide identification of UDP-glycosyltransferases involved in flavonol glycosylation induced by UV-B irradiation in Eriobotrya japonica.

Flavonol glycosides are secondary metabolites important for plant development and stress defense such as UV-B irradiation. UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of flavonol glycosides. Eriobotrya japonica is abundant in flavonol glycosides, but UGTs responsible for accumulation of flavonol glycosides remain unknown.

Effects of thermal treatment and Glucono-δ-lactone on the quality of alkaline dough and steamed buns.

In the present study, the effects of glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) as an acid reagent during thermal treatment on the quality of alkaline dough and steamed buns were examined. During the heating process, GDL improved the viscoelasticity and fluidity of the alkaline dough and enhanced intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The hardness of steamed buns was reduced by 61.

Calcium-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy drive glycolysis to facilitate arterivirus proliferation.

Mitochondria, recognized as the "powerhouse" of cells, play a vital role in generating cellular energy through dynamic processes such as fission and fusion. Viruses have evolved mechanisms to hijack mitochondrial function for their survival and proliferation. Here, we report that infection with the swine arterivirus porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), manipulates mitochondria calcium ions (Ca2+) to induce mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, thereby reprogramming cellular energy metabolism to facilitate its own replication.

A high-quality assembly revealing the PMEL gene for the unique plumage phenotype in Liancheng ducks.

Background: Plumage coloration is a distinctive trait in ducks, and the Liancheng duck, characterized by its white plumage and black beak and webbed feet, serves as an excellent subject for such studies. However, academic comprehension of the genetic mechanisms underlying duck plumage coloration remains limited. To this end, the Liancheng duck genome (GCA_039998735.

Cathode Design Based on Nitrogen Redox and Linear Coordination of Cu Center for All-Solid-State Fluoride-Ion Batteries.

All-solid-state fluoride-ion batteries (FIBs) have attracted extensive attention as candidates for next-generation energy storage devices; however, promising cathodes with high energy density are still lacking. In this study, CuN is investigated as a cathode material for all-solid-state fluoride-ion batteries, which offers enough anionic vacancies around the 2-fold coordinated Cu center for F intercalation, thereby enabling a multielectron-transferred fluorination process. The contribution of both cationic and anionic redox to charge compensation, in particular, the generation of molecular nitrogen species in highly charged states, has been proved by several synchrotron-radiation-based spectroscopic technologies.

Pyrrolopyrrole Cyanine Aggregates with Amplified Superoxide Radical Generation, GSH Depletion, and Photothermal Action for Hypoxic Cancer Phototherapy.

The elevated glutathione (GSH) level and hypoxia in tumor cells are two key obstacles to realizing the high performance of phototherapy. Herein, the electron-donating rotors are introduced to wings of electron-withdrawing pyrrolopyrrole cyanine (PPCy) to form donor-acceptor-donor structure -aggregates for amplified superoxide radical generation, GSH depletion, and photothermal action for hypoxic cancer phototherapy to tackle this challenge. Three PPCy photosensitizers (PPCy-H, PPCy-Br, and PPCy-TPE) produce hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide radicals (O) in hypoxia tumors exclusively as well as excellent photothermal performances under light irradiation.

Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Stress During Pregnancy Impairs Intestinal Development in Newborn Piglets by Modifying DNA Methylation.

Glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH), a feed contaminant, has been proven to impair the growth and development of humans and animals. Previous research has revealed that maternal toxin exposure during pregnancy could cause permanent fetal changes by epigenetic modulation. However, there was insufficient evidence of the involvement of DNA methylation in maternal GBH exposure-induced intestinal health of offspring.

Silencing GRHL3 promotes multiple organ distant metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells by enhancing SOX2 stability via SIRT1.

Aberrant expression of grainyhead-like transcription factor 3 (GRHL3) has been extensively reported in the development and progression of several squamous cell carcinomas, such as cutaneous, head and neck, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, the clinical significance and biological roles of GRHL3 in lung squamous cell (LUSC) carcinoma are largely unclear. Herein, we report that GRHL3 was significantly upregulated in lung squamous epithelium of LUSC tissues, bronchiole, and bronchus.