Variations in colorectal cancer surgery practice across the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic - 'Every land has its own law'.

Background: In March 2020 NHS England issued guidelines recognizing the elective component of cancer surgeries may be 'curtailed', due to staffing and supply shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it suggested, 'local solutions' should be sought in order to protect the delivery of cancer services. We aimed to compare surgeons' practice for the provision of colorectal (CR) cancer surgery across the United Kingdom (UK), against updated Joint Royal Colleges & ACPGBI guidelines and highlight differences in practice, if any.

Characterization of the hemorrhagic syndrome in the New Zealand white rabbit model following total body irradiation.

Purpose: The hemorrhagic syndrome is a major cause of morbidity and mortality associated with the acute radiation syndrome (ARS). We previously characterized the dose-response relationship for total body irradiation (TBI)-induced ARS in the New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit. Thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage, and anemia were strongly associated with morbidity/mortality during the first three weeks post-TBI.

A New Zealand White rabbit model of thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy following total body irradiation across the dose range to induce the hematopoietic-subsyndrome of acute radiation syndrome.

Purpose: The purpose if this study was to develop a rabbit model of total body irradiation (TBI) -induced thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy across the dose-range which induces the hematopoietic subsyndrome of the acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS).

Methods: Twenty male New Zealand White rabbits were assigned to arms to receive 6-MV of TBI at a dose of 6.5, 7.

Knowledge and practice towards care and maintenance of peripheral intravenous cannula among nurses in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal.

Aim: The study is mainly concerned about the care and maintenance of peripheral intravenous cannulation: to determine the knowledge and practice of nurses towards care and maintenance of IV cannula and to find out the obstacles encountered in caring and maintaining IV cannula. Intravenous cannulation is a common procedure performed by nurses in every hospital and closely associated with the risk of nosocomial infections if standard care is not provided.

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was carried out.

BIO 300, a nanosuspension of genistein, mitigates pneumonitis/fibrosis following high-dose radiation exposure in the C57L/J murine model.

Background And Purpose: BIO 300 nanosuspension (Humanetics Corporation) is being developed as a medical countermeasure (MCM) for the mitigation of the delayed effects of acute radiation exposure, specifically pneumonitis and fibrosis of the lung. The objective of this study was to determine the best dose and treatment duration of BIO 300 to mitigate lung injury and improve the likelihood for survival in C57L/J mice exposed to whole thorax lung irradiation (WTLI).

Experimental Approach: Age- and sex-matched C57L/J mice received a single dose of 11.

Gene expression profiles among murine strains segregate with distinct differences in the progression of radiation-induced lung disease.

Molecular mechanisms underlying development of acute pneumonitis and/or late fibrosis following thoracic irradiation remain poorly understood. Here, we hypothesize that heterogeneity in disease progression and phenotypic expression of radiation-induced lung disease (RILD) across murine strains presents an opportunity to better elucidate mechanisms driving tissue response toward pneumonitis and/or fibrosis. Distinct differences in disease progression were observed in age- and sex-matched CBA/J, C57L/J and C57BL/6J mice over 1 year after graded doses of whole-thorax lung irradiation (WTLI).

Development of A Novel Murine Model of Combined Radiation and Peripheral Tissue Trauma Injuries.

Detonation of a 10-kiloton nuclear bomb in an urban setting would result in >1 million casualties, the majority of which would present with combined injuries. Combined injuries, such as peripheral tissue trauma and radiation exposure, trigger inflammatory events that lead to multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) and death, with gastrointestinal (GI) and pulmonary involvement playing crucial roles. The objective of this study was to develop an animal model of combined injuries, peripheral tissue trauma (TBX animal model) combined with total body irradiation with 5% bone marrow shielding (TBI/BM5) to investigate if peripheral tissue trauma contributes to reduced survival.

Community acquired multi-drug resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in a tertiary care center of Nepal.

Background: Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in Gram-negative organisms is an alarming problem in the world. MDR and extensively-drug resistance (XDR) is in increasing trend due to the production of different types of beta (β)-lactamases. Thus the aim of this study was to document the incidence of MDR and XDR in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and also to find out the enzymatic mechanisms of β-lactam antibiotics resistance.