The complete chloroplast genome of Hemsl. 1889 (Ericaceae).

Hemsl. 1889 is an endemic deciduous shrub in China, belonging to the family Ericaceae. In this study, the first complete chloroplast genome of was assembled and annotated.

Lonicera caerulea genome reveals molecular mechanisms of freezing tolerance and anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Introduction: Lonicera caerulea L. (blue honeysuckle) is a noteworthy fleshy-fruited tree and a prominent medicinal plant, which possesses notable characteristics such as exceptional resilience to winter conditions and early maturation, and the richest source of functional anthocyanins, particularly cyanidin-3-glucoside. The molecular mechanisms responsible for its freezing tolerance and anthocyanin biosynthesis remain largely unknown.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens promotes cluster root formation of white lupin under low phosphorus by mediating auxin levels.

White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) produces cluster roots to acquire more phosphorus under phosphorus deficiency. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 contributes to plant growth, but whether and how it promotes cluster root formation in white lupin remain unclear.

Characterization and Molecular Engineering of a -Methyltransferase from Edible Leaves Involved in Nuciferine Biosynthesis.

Lotus leaf, traditionally used as both edible tea and herbal medicine in Asia, contains nuciferine, a lipid-lowering and weight-loss compoud. The biosynthetic pathways of nuciferine in remain unclear. We characterized a specific -methyltransferase, NnNMT, which had a novel function and catalyzed only nuciferine synthesis from the aporphine-type alkaloid -nornuciferine.

Three New Truffle Species (, , , and ) from Yunnan, China, and Multigen Phylogenetic Arrangement within the Melanosporum Group.

Based on a multi-locus phylogeny of a combined dataset of ITS, LSU, α, and and comprehensive morphological analyses, we describe three new species from the Melanosporum group of genus and synonymize and . Phylogenetically, the three newly described species, , and , differ significantly in genetic distance from any previously known species. Morphologically, is distinctly different from its closest phylogenetically related species, , due to its long shuttle-shape spores (average the ratio of spore length to spore width for all spores (Qm) = 1.

NnSBE1 encodes a starch branching enzyme involved in starch biosynthesis in lotus seeds.

Lotus seed starch holds vast potential for utilization across various industries, with its content and structure directly influencing the commercial value of lotus seeds. However, there has been limited information available on the molecular mechanisms underlying lotus seed starch biosynthesis. In this study, three starch branching enzyme homologs were identified in the lotus genome, designated as NnSBE1 to NnSBE3, which possess conserved CBM_48 and α_Aamy domains.

Unveiling the molecular dynamics of low temperature preservation in postharvest lotus seeds: a transcriptomic perspective.

Background: Postharvest quality deterioration poses a significant challenge to the commercial value of fresh lotus seeds. Low temperature storage is widely employed as the primary method for preserving postharvest lotus seeds during storage and transportation.

Results: This approach effectively extends the storage life of lotus seeds, resulting in distinct physiological changes compared to room temperature storage, including a notable reduction in starch, protein, HO, and MDA content.

Seasonal variation of antioxidant bioactive compounds in southern highbush blueberry leaves and non-destructive quality prediction in situ by a portable near-infrared spectrometer.

Blueberry leaves (BBL) are a natural source with strong antioxidant activity, but bioactive compounds and their seasonal variation remain vague. Here, two major classes of compounds including four caffeoylquinic acids and eight flavonoids were identified in two southern highbush cultivars ("Lanmei" #1 and "Jewel") grown in China. Major bioactive compounds were discovered using an online HPLC post-column derivatization system and determined as neochlorogenic acid (NeoCA), chlorogenic acid (CA), rutin, hyperoside, and isoquercitrin.

CS/PVP Hydrogel-Based Nanocapillary for Monitoring Bacterial Growth and Rapid Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.

Infection with drug-resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to human health. Judicious use of antibiotics could reduce the likelihood of bacterial resistance, which can be evaluated through antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST). This paper focuses on the application of a needle-like nanocapillary tip filled with chitosan (CS)/polyethylene pyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel based on its specific pH-sensitive properties.

An improved genome assembly of Chrysanthemum nankingense reveals expansion and functional diversification of terpene synthase gene family.

Background: Terpenes are important components of plant aromas, and terpene synthases (TPSs) are the key enzymes driving terpene diversification. In this study, we characterized the volatile terpenes in five different Chrysanthemum nankingense tissues. In addition, genome-wide identification and expression analysis of TPS genes was conducted utilizing an improved chromosome-scale genome assembly and tissue-specific transcriptomes.

LC-MS and MALDI-MSI-based metabolomic approaches provide insights into the spatial-temporal metabolite profiles of Tartary buckwheat achene development.

Tartary buckwheat, celebrated as the "king of grains" for its flavonoid and phenolic acid richness, has health-promoting properties. Despite significant morphological and metabolic variations in mature achenes, research on their developmental process is limited. Utilizing Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, we conducted spatial-temporal metabolomics on two cultivars during achene development.

NnSUS1 encodes a sucrose synthase involved in sugar accumulation in lotus seed cotyledons.

Fresh lotus seeds are gaining favor with consumers for their crunchy texture and natural sweetness. However, the intricacies of sugar accumulation in lotus seeds remain elusive, which greatly hinders the quality improvement of fresh lotus seeds. This study endeavors to elucidate this mechanism by identifying and characterizing the sucrose synthase (SUS) gene family in lotus.

Plant anthraquinones: Classification, distribution, biosynthesis, and regulation.

Anthraquinones are polycyclic compounds with an unsaturated diketone structure (quinoid moiety). As important secondary metabolites of plants, anthraquinones play an important role in the response of many biological processes and environmental factors. Anthraquinones are common in the human diet and have a variety of biological activities including anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities that reduce disease risk.

Visualization and identification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in various tissues.

Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in lotus () seed plumules and leaves exhibit significant tissue specificity for their pharmacological effects and potential nutritional properties. Herein, 46 benzylisoquinoline alkaloids were identified via UPLC-QTOF-HRMS, of which 9 were annotated as glycosylated monobenzylisoquinoline alkaloids concentrated in the seed plumules. The spatial distribution of targeted benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in leaves, seed plumules, and milky sap was determined via MALDI-MSI.

Functional characterization and key residues engineering of a regiopromiscuity -methyltransferase involved in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in .

Lotus (), an ancient aquatic plant, possesses a unique pharmacological activity that is primarily contributed by benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs). However, only few genes and enzymes involved in BIA biosynthesis in have been isolated and characterized. In the present study we identified the regiopromiscuity of an -methyltransferase, designated NnOMT6, isolated from ; NnOMT6 was found to catalyze the methylation of monobenzylisoquinoline 6-/7-, aporphine skeleton 6-, phenylpropanoid 3-, and protoberberine 2-.

Comprehensive genome-wide identification and functional characterization of MAPK cascade gene families in Nelumbo.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade signaling pathway plays pivotal roles in various plant biological processes. However, systematic study of MAPK cascade gene families is yet to be conducted in lotus. Herein, 198 putative MAPK genes, including 152 MAP3Ks, 15 MKKs, and 31 MPKs genes were identified in Nelumbo.

Syringic acid from rice roots inhibits soil nitrification and NO emission under red and paddy soils but not a calcareous soil.

Syringic acid (SA) is a novel biological nitrification inhibitor (BNIs) discovered in rice root exudates with significant inhibition of strains. However, the inhibitory effect of SA on nitrification and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions in different soils and the environmental factors controlling the degree of inhibition have not been studied. Using 14-day microcosm incubation, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of SA on nitrification activity, abundance of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms, and NO emissions in three typical agricultural soils.

The nitrification inhibitor 1,9-decanediol from rice roots promotes root growth in Arabidopsis through involvement of ABA and PIN2-mediated auxin signaling.

1,9-decanediol (1,9-D) is a biological nitrification inhibitor secreted in roots, which effectively inhibits soil nitrifier activity and reduces nitrogen loss from agricultural fields. However, the effects of 1,9-D on plant root growth and the involvement of signaling pathways in the plant response to 1,9-D have not been investigated. Here, we report that 1,9-D, in the 100-400 μM concentration range, promotes primary root length in Arabidopsis seedlings at 3d and 5d, by 10.

Smallholder vegetable farming produces more soil microplastics pollution than large-scale farming.

Microplastics (MPs) accumulation in farmland has attracted global concern. Smallholder farming is the dominant type in China's agriculture. Compared with large-scale farming, smallholder farming is not constrained by restrictive environmental policies and public awareness about pollution.

Tobacco rattle virus-induced VcANS gene silencing in blueberry fruit.

Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), a woody perennial bush in the genus Vaccinium, is an economically important and popular fruit crop worldwide. Development the superior cultivars, which including excellent fruit traits, not only means higher yielding and economic efficiency, but also produce fruit that to meet the preferences of different consumers.

Genome-Wide Characterization and Comprehensive Analysis of NAC Transcription Factor Family in .

NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) is a ubiquitously expressed plant-specific transcription factor (TF) family which is involved in the regulation of various biological processes. However, a systematic characterization of gene family is yet to be reported in lotus. Here, 82 genes which included five predicted membrane-bound NAC proteins were identified in the lotus genome.

Profiling of polyphenols for in-depth understanding of Tartary buckwheat sprouts: Correlation between cultivars and active components, dynamic changes and the effects of ultraviolet B stress.

Tartary buckwheat sprouts have a high nutritional value and are gluten-free, and polyphenols are their main active constituents. However, information regarding the active constituents' difference of Tartary buckwheat sprouts grown from seeds with different morphology, at different developmental stages and environments is limited. Here, we developed a LC-MS-based targeted metabolomics approach to analyze polyphenols (46 flavonoids and 6 anthraquinones) in 40 Tartary buckwheat sprouts varieties.

Identification and quantification of oligomeric proanthocyanidins, alkaloids, and flavonoids in lotus seeds: A potentially rich source of bioactive compounds.

Untargeted metabolomics was performed to study the profiles of 101 chemicals in lotus seeds using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Among them, 16 dimeric, 18 trimeric, and 4 tetrameric proanthocyanidins were theoretically identified based on the degree of polymerization, and the number of linkages and the presence of two dihydroflavonols and three glycosylated alkaloids were determined for the first time. The proanthocyanidin, flavonoid, amino acid, and total compound contents were quantified, revealing decreases in their levels during maturation as well as a polymerization process formation of polymers from monomers during seed maturation.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Light-Regulated Alternative Splicing in L.

Artemisinin is currently the most effective ingredient in the treatment of malaria, which is thus of great significance to study the genetic regulation of . Alternative splicing (AS) is a regulatory process that increases the complexity of transcriptome and proteome. The most common mechanism of alternative splicing (AS) in plant is intron retention (IR).