Biofilm formation of pathogenic bacteria isolated from aquatic animals.

Bacterial biofilm formation is one of the dynamic processes, which facilitates bacteria cells to attach to a surface and accumulate as a colony. With the help of biofilm formation, pathogenic bacteria can survive by adapting to their external environment. These bacterial colonies have several resistance properties with a higher survival rate in the environment.

Aquatic environments: A potential source of antimicrobial-resistant Vibrio spp.

Vibrio spp. are associated with water and seafood-related outbreaks worldwide. They are naturally present in aquatic environments such as seawater, brackish water and freshwater environments.

Occurrence of Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Isolated from Marine Food Fish Cultured in Korea.

is a significant cause of infection in both marine animals and humans. It has been reported frequently in seafood-borne infections worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the potential health impact of the isolated from marine food fish cultured in Korea concerning their virulence and antimicrobial resistance.

Detection of Antimicrobial and Heavy-Metal Resistance Genes in spp. Isolated from Hard-Shelled Mussel ().

Hard-shelled mussel () is a popular seafood in South Korea because of its delicacy and high nutritional value. Our study aimed to identify antimicrobial and heavy-metal resistance determinants in isolates from marketed hard-shelled mussel in South Korea. A total of 33 species were isolated, and antimicrobial disk diffusion test was done to observe antimicrobial resistance patterns.

Pet-turtles: a potential source of human pathogenic bacteria.

Human infections caused by the bacterial pathogens transmitted from pet-turtles are becoming very common and getting more importance as the turtles are considered unsafe pet animals, mainly for children and immunocompromised people. Pet-turtles are known as the reservoir of different bacterial species as their intestinal microflora. Extrinsic stressors, such as crowding, unhygienic handling, poor water quality, polluted feeding and inadequate nutrition, can predispose pet-turtles to bacterial infections.

Biological Activity of Porcine Gastric Mucin on Stress Resistance and Immunomodulation.

Purified porcine gastric mucin (PGM) is an alternative biomaterial to native mucin which displays multifunctional properties for exploring a wide range of biomedical applications. The present study evaluated the in vitro (RAW 264.7 macrophage cells) and in vivo (zebrafish embryos and larvae) bioactivities of PGM.

Aeromonas spp. Isolated from Pacific Abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) Marketed in Korea: Antimicrobial and Heavy-Metal Resistance Properties.

Antimicrobial and heavy-metal resistance of 29 Aeromonas spp. (Aeromonas hydrophila n = 9, Aeromonas enteropelogenes n = 14, Aeromonas veronii n = 3, Aeromonas salmonicida n = 2, and Aeromonas sobria n = 1) isolated from Pacific abalone marketed in Korea were analyzed. All isolates were found to be resistant against ampicillin.

Phylogenetic characteristics, virulence properties and antibiogram profile of motile Aeromonas spp. isolated from ornamental guppy (Poecilia reticulata).

Aeromonas spp. are opportunistic pathogenic bacteria related to an assembly of infectious diseases in ornamental fish. In the present study, virulence properties and antibiotic susceptibility of 52 guppy-borne Aeromonas spp.

Isolation and characterization of phage AHP-1 and its combined effect with chloramphenicol to control Aeromonas hydrophila.

To develop an alternative bio-control measure for multi-drug resistant pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila, which causes motile Aeromonas septicemia in fish, novel virulent phage (AHP-1) was isolated from carp tissues. Morphological analysis by transmission electron microscopy revealed that AHP-1 belongs to Myoviridae family. AHP-1 displayed 81% of moderate adsorption by 25 min, and latent period of 40 min with burst size of 97 PFU mL at an optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) 0.

Antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic Aeromonas spp. isolated from marketed Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) in Korea.

Aims: The object of this study was to identify potential health concerns of the Aeromons spp. isolated from marketed Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) with respect to their virulence and antimicrobial resistance patterns.

Methods And Results: We identified 29 strains of aeromonads consisting of five species; Aeromonas hydrophila (n = 9), Aeromonas enteropelogenes (n = 14), Aeromonas veronii (n = 3), Aeromonas salmonicida (n = 2) and Aeromonas sobria (n = 1), by employing series of biochemical tests and gene sequencing.

Occurrence of Virulence and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Determinants in spp. Isolated from Marketed Hard-Shelled Mussel ().

This study investigated the occurrence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance properties in spp. isolated from hard-shelled mussel () marketed in Korea. A total of 32 spp.

Outcome of co-infection with opportunistic and multidrug resistant Aeromonas hydrophila and A. veronii in zebrafish: Identification, characterization, pathogenicity and immune responses.

Fish can be potentially co-infected by two or more bacterial strains, which can make synergistic influence on the virulence of infection. In this study, two opportunistic and multidrug resistant Aeromonas strains were isolated from wounds of morbid zebrafish with typical deep skin lesions similar to Motile Aeromonas Septicemia. Isolates were genetically identified as A.

Frozen White-Leg Shrimp () in Korean Markets as a Source of spp. Harboring Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance Genes.

As the most consumed shrimp variety, white-leg shrimp () owns a high market demand in Korea. This study sought to screen the frozen white-leg shrimp for spp. harboring antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance characteristics.

Chitosan nanoparticles: A positive immune response modulator as display in zebrafish larvae against Aeromonas hydrophila infection.

Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) were synthesized by ionic gelation method and its immunomodulatory properties were investigated in zebrafish larvae. Average particle size and zeta potential were 181.2 nm and +37.

Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Class 1 Integron Gene Cassette Arrays in Motile Aeromonas spp. Isolated from Goldfish (Carassius auratus).

Aeromonas spp. are opportunistic pathogens related to multiple infectious diseases in ornamental fishes. In the present study, the antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance genes, and integrons of 65 goldfish-borne Aeromonas spp.

Antibacterial activity of essential oil from lavender () against pet turtle-borne pathogenic bacteria.

Pet turtles are well-known to harbor an array of bacterial pathogens which can cause zoonotic infections in humans as well as opportunistic infections in the turtles itself. Essential oils are the natural plant extracts which have been traditionally used for disease treatment. In the present study, the essential oil of lavender (EOL) was examined for its antibacterial activity against thirty-eight strains of turtle-borne pathogenic bacteria belonging to seven species; , , , , , and .

Antimicrobial property of lemongrass () oil against pathogenic bacteria isolated from pet turtles.

The usage of essential oils as antimicrobial agents is gaining attention. Besides, pet turtles were known to harbor a range of pathogenic bacteria while the turtle keeping is a growing trend worldwide.The current study examined the antimicrobial activity of lemon grass oil (LGO) against seven species of Gram negative bacteria namely; , , , , , , and isolated from three popular species of pet turtles.

Quinolone susceptibility and genetic characterization of subsp. isolated from pet turtles.

Turtle-borne owns significance as a leading cause in human salmonellosis. The current study aimed to determine the quinolone susceptibility and the genetic characteristics of 21 strains of subsp. isolated from pet turtles.

Prevalence and characterisation of quinolone resistance genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from pet turtles in South Korea.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterise Aeromonas spp. isolated from popular species of pet turtle to assess the potential risk of pet turtles as a source of target gene alterations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) and transferable plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes.

Methods: Twenty-five isolates comprising four species, namely Aeromonas enteropelogenes, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas veronii, were obtained from healthy pet turtles.

Metagenomics analysis of gut microbiota and immune modulation in zebrafish (Danio rerio) fed chitosan silver nanocomposites.

In this study, we evaluated the effects of chitosan silver nanocomposites (CAgNCs) supplemented diet on gut microbial community, goblet cell density, gut morphometry and mRNA expression of immune related and mucin encoding genes in zebrafish. Zebrafish gut microbiota analysis results clearly showed the reduction of phylum Proteobacteria. However, they remained as the major bacterial group in gut with CAgNCs supplemented diet, while the abundance of phylum Fusobacteria and phylum Bacteroidetes were increased notably compared to the control diet fed fish.

Potential enterotoxicity and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Aeromonas species isolated from pet turtles and their environment.

To investigate the potential enterotoxicity and antimicrobial resistance of aeromonads from pet turtles as a risk for human infection, one hundred and two Aeromonas spp. were isolated from the feces, skin and rearing environments of pet turtles and identified by biochemical and gyrB sequence analyses. Aeromonas enteropelogenes was the predominant species among the isolates (52.

Multilocus sequence typing analysis of isolated from pet Chinese stripe-necked turtles ().

Our research sought to characterize the phylogeny of isolated from pet Chinese stripe-necked turtles () to better understand its evolutionary relation to other isolates and increase understanding of a potential zoonotic pathogen transmitted through direct contact with pet turtles. Thirty-one isolates were obtained from both immature and adult turtles sold in pet shops in Korea. To characterize the phylogenic position of Chinese stripe-necked turtle-borne relative to other strains, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis was performed due to the accessibility and breadth of MLST databases.