Neurodevelopmental and behavioural disorders after perioperative invasive mechanical ventilation in paediatric surgical admissions.

Background: Children with a respiratory disease requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) have an elevated risk for subsequent neurodevelopmental and behavioural disorders (NDBD). This study evaluates NDBD in children receiving IMV during surgical admissions.

Methods: Children enrolled in Texas Medicaid between 1999 and 2012 with a surgical admission were evaluated.

Keratorefractive Lenticule Extraction for Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism With the VISUMAX 800: 6-Month Outcomes of a Prospective Multi-center Post-market Clinical Follow-up Study.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) using the VISUMAX 800 laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec) in a post-market clinical follow-up study.

Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized, multi-center, international, post-market clinical follow-up study. The study took place from July 2021 to March 2023 at five sites across Europe and Asia.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide associations and polygenic risk prediction for atrial fibrillation in more than 180,000 cases.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm abnormality and is a leading cause of heart failure and stroke. This large-scale meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies increased the power to detect single-nucleotide variant associations and found more than 350 AF-associated genetic loci. We identified candidate genes related to muscle contractility, cardiac muscle development and cell-cell communication at 139 loci.

Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of uveal melanoma: advances and applications.

Advancements in machine learning and deep learning have the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis of melanocytic choroidal tumors, including uveal melanoma, a potentially life-threatening eye cancer. Traditional machine learning methods rely heavily on manually selected image features, which can limit diagnostic accuracy and lead to variability in results. In contrast, deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are capable of automatically analyzing medical images, identifying complex patterns, and enhancing diagnostic precision.

An Aerosol Jet Printed Microcoil for Cochlear Micromagnetic Stimulation.

A cochlear implant conveys a lost sensation of sound through direct electrical stimulation of responsive neural elements within the inner ear. Delivered from an implanted electrode array, the cochlea's frequency-to-place mapping enables users to achieve remarkable speech perception with these devices. Yet, performance variability persists, often due to a poor spectral representation caused by current spreading within the intracochlear fluid.

An Analysis of Treatment Success of Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia With a Single Injection of Botulinum Toxin A: An Observational Case Series Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of botulinum toxin A injection into the medial rectus muscle to treat acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE).

Methods: This observational case series study included patients diagnosed as having AACE from January 2021 to December 2023 at a tertiary eye care center in South India willing to undergo botulinum toxin injections as the first treatment who experienced sudden-onset esotropia with diplopia. Their demographics, duration of symptoms, and visual acuity were recorded.

Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor of the Kidney: Clinicopathologic Features and Surgical Outcomes in Four Patients.

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor (MEST) is a rare neoplasm of the kidney that is seen mostly in middle-aged women with a history of hormonal contraceptive consumption. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumors are usually benign tumors with minimal chances of metastasis and recurrence. However, few malignant transformations of MEST have been recorded.

Risk Factors for Infective Endocarditis and Serious Injection Related Infections Among People Who Inject Drugs in Los Angeles, CA and Denver, CO.

Background: Injection drug use-related infective endocarditis (IDU-IE) and bacterial infections have grown in the United States, but little is known about risk factors for these infections in community samples of people who inject drugs (PWID).

Methods: During 2021-22, PWID were recruited from community settings and surveyed for history of IDU-IE, serious injection related symptoms (SIRI) and untreated infection symptoms in the last 3 months. We used bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression to examine factors associated with these outcomes.

Material hardship, forced displacement, and negative health outcomes among unhoused people who use drugs in Los Angeles, California and Denver, Colorado: a latent class analysis.

Background: Homelessness is a growing concern in the United States, especially among people who use drugs (PWUD). The degree of material hardship among this population may be linked to worse health outcomes. PWUD experiencing homelessness in urban areas are increasingly subjected to policies and social treatment, such as forced displacement, which may worsen material hardship.

East and South Asian-Specific Blood Pressure Trajectories and Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk differs across Asian subgroups, possibly due to differences in hypertension burden. We characterized lifetime blood pressure (BP) trajectories for East and South Asian individuals and compared their associations with CVD risk.

Methods: Among 148 872 UK Biobank participants with primary care utilization data, life course BP trajectories were fitted as a function of age by sex according to self-identified ethnicity.

Glycogen synthase is required for heat shock-mediated autophagy induction in neuronal cells.

Autophagy is an essential cellular process that facilitates the degradation of aggregated proteins and damaged organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis and promote cell survival. Recent studies have indicated a direct role for glycogen synthase (GS) in activating neuronal autophagy and in conferring protection against cytotoxic misfolded proteins. Since heat shock induces protein misfolding and autophagy is an essential component of the heat shock response that clears the misfolded proteins, we looked at the possible role of GS in heat shock response pathways in neuronal cells.

A Novel Homozygous Variant in Gene in a Patient with Developmental Deficits.

Background: Oral-facial-digital syndrome (OFDS) type 6 is a rare subtype of Joubert syndrome characterized by orofacial anomalies and polydactyly with neurological features of Joubert syndrome. This rare syndrome is divided into thirteen subtypes, all of which demonstrate autosomal recessive inheritance, except for OFDS type 1 which demonstrates X-linked dominant inheritance.

Case Presentation: A 19-year-old man with mild developmental delay was brought to a rural community clinic, as he had become irritable and angry, in the recent past.

Retraction notice to "Recent breakthroughs on the development of electrodeionization systems for toxic pollutants removal from water environment" [Environ. Res. 241 (2024) 117549].

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

The Status of Vernier Acuity Following Late Sight Onset.

We possess a remarkably acute ability to detect even small misalignments between extended line segments. This "vernier acuity" significantly exceeds our "resolution acuity"-the ability to resolve closely separated stimuli-and is generally considered a "hyperacuity," since the detectable misalignments are markedly finer than the diameter of single retinal cones. Vernier acuity has, thus, often been proposed to reflect spatial organization and multi-unit cortical processing, rendering it an important index of visual function.

Double extraocular muscle avulsion following injury by goat's horn.

: Trauma to extraocular muscle without globe perforation is rare. This case report describes the clinical features and principles of repair of the simultaneous injury to two extraocular muscles sustained from a goat's horn. : Case records of the 36-year-old man who suffered trauma to his left eye were reviewed.

"Smoking weed it gets you over the hump": Cannabis co-use as a facilitator of decreased opioid use among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles, California.

Introduction: Opioid overdose mortality rates have surged dramatically in the last decade due largely to fentanyl in the illicit US drug supply. As of June 2024, 38 states, three territories, namely US Virgin Islands, Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, and the District of Columbia, allow the medical use of cannabis products. However, there remains limited qualitative community-based evidence on the role of cannabis co-use among opioid using and injecting populations.

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction Following SMILE Performed With the VisuMax 800 in One Eye and VisuMax 500 in the Contralateral Eye.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes, surgical workflow, and patient satisfaction following small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) performed with the VisuMax 800 in one eye and the VisuMax 500 in the contralateral eye (both Carl Zeiss Meditec).

Methods: This was a prospective, single-site clinical study of patients undergoing SMILE for myopia and myopic astigmatism between February 2022 and August 2023. Each patient underwent bilateral treatment using the VisuMax 800 (VM800 group) in one eye and the VisuMax 500 (VM500 group) in the contralateral eye.

Oxidative Stress in Kidney Injury and Hypertension.

Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to kidney damage, leading to conditions such as nephrosclerosis and hypertensive nephropathy, significant causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HTN is also a risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) play critical roles in causing kidney injury in HTN.

Material Hardship, Forced Displacement, and Negative Health Outcomes Among Unhoused People Who Use Drugs in Los Angeles, California and Denver, Colorado: A Latent Class Analysis.

Background: Homelessness is a growing concern in the United States, especially among people who use drugs (PWUD). The degree of material hardship among this population may be linked to worse health outcomes. PWUD experiencing homelessness in urban areas are increasingly subjected to policies and social treatment, such as forced displacement, which may worsen material hardship.

Exploring the interactions of rapamycin with target receptors in A549 cancer cells: insights from molecular docking analysis.

Rapamycin, a macrocyclic antibiotic derived from the actinomycetes Streptomyces hygroscopicus, is a widely used immunosuppressant and anticancer drug. Even though rapamycin is regarded as a multipotent drug acting against a broad array of anomalies and diseases, the mechanism of action of rapamycin and associated pathways have not been studied and reported clearly. Also reports on the binding of rapamycin to cancer cell receptors are limited to the serine/threonine protein kinase mTORC1.

Clinical spectrum of bilateral microspherophakia and risk factors associated with poor visual outcomes following lensectomy surgery - A multicentric study.

Purpose: To study the clinical profile of patients with microspherophakia and the factors associated with poor vision following lensectomy surgery.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional analysis was conducted from January 2010 to June 2022 on patients diagnosed with microspherophakia.

Results: A total of 102 eyes from 51 patients were enrolled, of whom 24 (47.

Report of stray sightings of Dendrelaphis proarchos (Wall, 1909) (Serpentes: Colubridae) in Surat, Gujarat, western India.

We here report on likely human-mediated, stray sightings of Dendrelaphis proarchos (Wall, 1909) in an unnatural range-Surat, Gujarat in western India. This population shows the following characters: (1) vertebral scales distinctly enlarged, larger than the dorsals of the first row; (2) 185-194 ventrals; (3) 139-142 divided subcaudals in complete tails; (4) 15 dorsal scale rows at midbody; (5) cloacal shield undivided; (6) one loreal scale; (7) three supralabials touching the eye; (8) a moderate first sublabial that touches two infralabials; (9) 11-12 temporal scales; (10) preoculars 1 or 2; (11) two or three postoculars; (12) maximum total length 1150 mm; (13) interparietal spot absent; (14) a black temporal stripe that does not starts on the postnasal or loreal but starts on the center of the eye follows postoculars (middle or second postocular) covers the majority of the temporal region and extends onto the neck; (15) a distinct, bright ventrolateral stripe bordered by one black line at the bottom; (16) dorsal interstitial color blue and (17) tongue color red with black tip. Data from a partial fragment of the mitochondrial 16S gene also reveal genetic congruence with published sequences from Sagaing and Ayeyarwady in Myanmar and Mizoram, India, further attesting the morphological conclusions.

A Prospective Study on the Suprapatellar Approach for Tibial Shaft Fractures: Insights Into Functional and Radiological Outcomes.

Background: Tibial shaft fractures are among the most common long bone injuries and often can be challenging to manage surgically. While infrapatellar (IP) intramedullary nailing (IMN) has been a widely accepted treatment, its limitations have led to the emergence of alternative approaches, such as suprapatellar nailing (SPN) in a semi-extended knee position.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes of tibial shaft fractures treated with an SPN approach in a semi-extended knee position.