Adult intussusception: a systematic review of current literature.

Background: Intussusception in adults is a rare condition characterized by a low incidence, which complicates the establishment of standardized management protocols unlike those readily available for pediatric cases. This study presents a case series from our institution alongside a systematic review of existing literature. The objective is to delineate effective management strategies for adult intussusception.

Tumor histoculture captures the dynamic interactions between tumor and immune components in response to anti-PD1 in head and neck cancer.

Dynamic interactions within the tumor micro-environment drive patient response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Existing preclinical models lack true representation of this complexity. Using a Head and Neck cancer patient derived TruTumor histoculture platform, the response spectrum of 70 patients to anti-PD1 treatment is investigated in this study.

Emerging Strategies and Effective Prevention Measures for Investigating the Association Between Stroke and Sudden Cardiac Fatality.

Stroke-related cardiac death is a significant concern for patients with stroke and their healthcare providers. It is a complex and multifaceted condition that requires careful management of both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies for stroke-related cardiac death.

Is Roux Loop a Solution to Delayed Gastric Emptying Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy? A Single Institute Analysis.

Delayed gastric emptying is one of the most common complications of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). It almost always results in delayed oral intake, prolonged hospital stays, and a delay in initiation of vital adjuvant treatment. A few earlier studies suggested that delayed gastric emptying (DGE) rates were better with the Roux-en Y reconstruction, but Indian literature regarding this is lacking.

Whole-Exome Sequencing Analysis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Delineated by Tobacco Usage Habits.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common cancer of the oral cavity in India. Cigarette smoking and chewing tobacco are known risk factors associated with OSCC. However, genomic alterations in OSCC with varied tobacco consumption history are not well-characterized.

Molecular alterations in oral cancer between tobacco chewers and smokers using serum proteomics.

Background: Tobacco exposure (through smoking or chewing) is one of the predominant risk factors associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Despite the growing number of patients diagnosed with OSCC, there are few circulating biomarkers for identifying individuals at a higher risk of developing the disease. Successful identification of candidate molecular markers for risk assessment could aid in the early detection of oral lesions and potentially be used for community screening of high-risk populations.

Plasmodium sporozoites induce regulatory macrophages.

Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), like macrophages (Mϕs) and dendritic cells (DCs), are central players in the induction of natural and vaccine-induced immunity to malaria, yet very little is known about the interaction of SPZ with human APCs. Intradermal delivery of whole-sporozoite vaccines reduces their effectivity, possibly due to dermal immunoregulatory effects. Therefore, understanding these interactions could prove pivotal to malaria vaccination.

Feasibility and Reliability of Microvascular Reconstruction in the Vessel-depleted Previously Operated Neck.

Background: Microvascular reconstruction of defects in the head and neck has always been a challenge in patients who have undergone previous neck dissection, owing to the prior resection of potential recipient blood vessels used for free flap perfusion.

Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate the reliability and safety of free flap reconstruction in patients who have had previous neck dissection.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four free flaps were performed in 22 patients with a previous history of neck dissection for head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Molecular mechanisms of tobacco induced oral and oropharyngeal cancer: Results of a tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry-based study from a tertiary cancer center in India.

Background: It is well established that chronic exposure to tobacco induces head and neck cancers but the exact etiopathogenesis is not known. Though studies have shown expression of TIMP1, EPS8 and AXL in cancers, their role in tobacco-induced cancers is not known. We aimed this study to evaluate the role of these molecules in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell cancers (SCC).

Change of telomerase activity in peripheral blood of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma pre and post curative treatment.

Background: There is no clinically applicable tumor marker for head and neck cancers. Telomerase is detected in approximately 90% of all malignant tumors, it may predict poor or favorable outcomes, thus being both a highly attractive biomarker and a target for the development of molecular-based cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics.

Aim: Primary aim was to detect a change of telomerase activity before and after curative treatment.

Quantification of wild-type and radiation attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite motility in human skin.

Given the number of global malaria cases and deaths, the need for a vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) remains pressing. Administration of live, radiation-attenuated Pf sporozoites can fully protect malaria-naïve individuals. Despite the fact that motility of these attenuated parasites is key to their infectivity and ultimately protective efficacy, sporozoite motility in human tissue (e.

New Insights Into the Kinetics and Variability of Egg Excretion in Controlled Human Hookworm Infections.

Four healthy volunteers were infected with 50 Necator americanus infective larvae (L3) in a controlled human hookworm infection trial and followed for 52 weeks. The kinetics of fecal egg counts in volunteers was assessed with Bayesian multilevel analysis, which revealed an increase between weeks 7 and 13, followed by an egg density plateau of about 1000 eggs/g of feces. Variation in egg counts was minimal between same-day measurements but varied considerably between days, particularly during the plateau phase.

Early Induction of Human Regulatory Dermal Antigen Presenting Cells by Skin-Penetrating Cercariae.

Following initial invasion of cercariae, schistosomula reside in the skin for several days during which they can interact with the dermal immune system. While murine experiments have indicated that exposure to radiation-attenuated (RA) cercariae can generate protective immunity which is initiated in the skin stage, contrasting non-attenuated cercariae, such data is missing for the human model. Since murine skin does not form a reliable marker for immune responses in human skin, we used human skin explants to study the interaction with non-attenuated and RA cercariae with dermal innate antigen presenting cells (APCs) and the subsequent immunological responses.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 neu expression in head and neck squamous cell cancers and its clinicopathological correlation: Results from an Indian cancer center.

Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neuprotooncogene (neu) is a proven molecular prognostic marker in breast, ovarian, gastric, and ovarian cancers. In head-and-neck cancers, varied expression is documented and therefore its prognostic role is debatable.

Aim Of The Study: To find the rate of overexpression of HER2/neu in head-and-neck cancers and to understand its prognostic role by evaluating its association with nodal stage and overall stage of the patient.

Multimodality management of leiomyosarcoma of the cervix.

We present the case of a young female patient who presented to the outpatient department with a history of bleeding per vagina, diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma of the cervix; the patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection. In this article, we mainly discuss multimodality therapy in the management of an unusual variety of tumour in the uterine cervix.

Human serum antibodies against EBV latent membrane protein 1 cross-react with α-synuclein.

Objectives: To identify the epitope on α-synuclein (α-syn) to which antibodies against the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) bind and to determine whether antibodies targeting this mimicry domain are present in human sera.

Methods: Reactivity of the α-syn-cross-reacting anti-LMP1 monoclonal antibody CS1-4 to a synthetic peptide containing the putative mimicry domain was compared to those in which this domain was mutated and to murine and rat α-syn (which differ from human α-syn at this site) in Western blots. Using ELISA, sera from EBV+ (n = 4) and EBV- (n = 12) donors as well as those with infectious mononucleosis (IM; n = 120), and Hodgkin disease (HD; n = 33) were interrogated for antibody reactivity to synthetic peptides corresponding to regions of α-syn and LMP1 containing the mimicry domain.

The feasibility and advantages of billroth-I reconstruction in distal gastric cancers following resection.

Background: Gastric carcinomas are common malignancies in southern India and distal stomach remains the commonest site in low socio economic groups. Surgery still remains an important modality of treatment to achieve local control and also relieve obstructive symptoms. In this study we investigated the feasibility of performing a gastrectomy and billroth-1 type of anastomosis in a rural cancer center setting, with parameters like adequacy of margins, ease of anastomosis and its functional results were analysed.

Idiopathic periscapular tumoral calcinosis mimicking and presenting as extraskeletal chondromatous tumor.

Tumoral calcinosis is a rare, benign condition of extra-osseous calcification. The term tumoral calcinosis has been liberally and imprecisely used to describe any massive collection of periarticular calcification.It is important to diagnose and differentiate it from other similar conditions causing extra-osseous calcification.

Squamous cell carcinoma of ascending colon. A case study.

We report here a case of squamous cell carcinoma of Ascending colon occurring in a 58 year old male. Squamous cell carcinomas are known to occur in the Ano rectum frequently, but are extremely rare in colon especially the right colon.