A multicomponent nanosystem for capturing circulating tumor cells from cancer patients with PD-L1 as an immunotherapy oncotarget.

Capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the peripheral blood of cancer patients, where they are disseminated among billions of other blood cells, is one of the most daunting challenge. We report OncoDiscover®, a multicomponent nano-system consisting of iron oxide (FeO) nanoparticles (NPs), polyamidoamine generation 4 dendrimers (PAMAM-G4-NH), graphene oxide (GO) sheets and an anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (anti-EpCAM) antibody (Fe-GSH-PAMAM-GO-EpCAM) for the selective and precise capture of CTCs. We further evaluated this system for therapeutically important oncotargets, exemplifying overexpression of the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a functional assay on CTCs in cancer patients.

Chemical tunability of advanced materials used in the fabrication of micro/nanobots.

Micro and nanobots (MNBs) are unprecedented in their ability to be chemically tuned for autonomous tasks with enhanced targeting and functionality while maintaining their mobility. A myriad of chemical modifications involving a large variety of advanced materials have been demonstrated to be effective in the design of MNBs. Furthermore, they can be controlled for their autonomous motion, and their ability to carry chemical or biological payloads.

Synthesis and characterization of a multifunctional gold-doxorubicin nanoparticle system for pH triggered intracellular anticancer drug release.

A nanoparticle drug carrier system has been developed to alter the cellular uptake and chemotherapeutic performance of an available chemotherapeutic drug. The system comprises of a multifunctional gold nanoparticle based drug delivery system (Au-PEG-PAMAM-DOX) as a novel platform for intracellular delivery of doxorubicin (DOX). Spherical gold nanoparticles were synthesized by a gold chloride reduction, stabilized with thiolated polyethylene glycol (PEG) and then covalently coupled with a polyamidoamine (PAMAM) G4 dendrimer.

Calcium phosphate nanocapsule crowned multiwalled carbon nanotubes for pH triggered intracellular anticancer drug release.

We report calcium phosphate (CaP) nanocapsule crowned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNT-GSH-G4-CaP) as a novel platform for intracellular delivery of an anticancer drug. As a proof-of-concept, CNT-GSH-G4-CaP demonstrates release of anticancer drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) within intracellular lysosomes from the interior cavity of CNT upon pH triggered CaP dissolution. Importantly, we found that the CNT with a CaP nanolid can efficiently prevent untimely drug release at physiological pH but promotes DOX release at increased acidic milieu as observed in subcellular compartments such as lysosomes (∼5.

Self-propelled carbon nanotube based microrockets for rapid capture and isolation of circulating tumor cells.

Here, we report a non-invasive strategy for isolating cancer cells by autonomously propelled carbon nanotube (CNT) microrockets. H2O2-driven oxygen (O2) bubble-propelled microrockets were synthesized using CNT and Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the inner surface and covalently conjugating transferrin on the outer surface. Results show that self-propellant microrockets can specifically capture cancer cells.