Graves ophthalmopathy a neglected comorbidity of graves' disease; a detailed investigation and management of sixty-eight patients in a tertiary healthcare center.

Purpose: To compare the measurements of macular thickness, intraocular pressure and RNFL and hormone parameters before and after antithyroid therapy in patients with Graves' Ophthalmopathy (GO).

Methods: A prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care center. Patients with GO were included and scored (Clinical Activity Score, CAS) according to EUGOGO guideline.

Current Perspectives of Diabetic Dyslipidemia and Treatment Modalities.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis related to dyslipidemia. Although the terms hyperlipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus [DM] or diabetic dyslipidemia are interrelated to each other, these two conditions have some differences.

Aim: This study aimed to highlight possible mechanisms of hyperlipidemia and/or dyslipidemia in diabetic patients, which can be treated with available and newer hypolipidemic drugs.

Changes in Acute Coronary Syndrome Clinic after the Devastating Earthquake in Türkiye.

Background: We aimed to investigate the clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who survived this devastating earthquake and were admitted to our hospital in Antakya/Türkiye.

Methods: We retrospectively examined the impact of the earthquake on the occurrences of acute coronary syndromes in Antakya/Türkiye. All 248 consecutive patients with ACS, also survivors of the earthquake in Antakya, were enrolled as the earthquake group.

The Predictors of Postoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in Endoscopic Endonasal Pituitary Surgery: The Role of Tumor Volume.

 Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (Po-CSF) leak is still a challenging complication of endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. However, data describing the predictive factors of Po-CSF leak in pure pituitary adenomas is lacking. Aim of this study is to determine the risk factors of Po-CSF leak in a pituitary adenoma group operated via pure transsellar endoscopic approach.

Landscape of congenital adrenal hyperplasia cases in adult endocrinology clinics of Türkiye-a nation-wide multicentre study.

Background And Aims: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of disorders that affect the production of steroids in the adrenal gland and are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. The clinical and biochemical manifestations of the disorder are diverse, ranging from varying degrees of anomalies of the external genitalia to life-threatening adrenal insufficiency. This multicenter study aimed to determine the demographics, biochemical, clinical, and genetic characteristics besides the current status of adult patients with CAH nationwide.

Is mean platelet volume a simple marker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?

Background: Due to the increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), there was a need to establish non-invasive tests for its detection. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an inexpensive, practical and easily accessible marker of inflammation in many disorders. Our study was aimed at investigating the relationship between MPV and both NAFLD and liver histology.

Two Cases with 17-alpha Hydroxylase Deficiency Misdiagnosed as Primary Aldosteronism.

Aim: Lack of CYP17A1 prevents sex steroid biosynthesis, yielding a female phenotype in 46, XY males and sexual infantilism in both sexes; overproduction of 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC) in the zona fasciculata typically causes mineralocorticoid hypertension. In this study, we report two cases of severe hypokalemia, hyperaldosteronism, and sexual infantilism.

Case Presentation: Case 1 admitted severe hypertension and hypokalemia with female external genitalia with 46, XY.

Withdrawn: Inadequate Gonadal Replacement in Patients with Turner Syndrome may Result in Pituitary Volume Enlargement.

Unlabelled: Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been withdrawn. Bentham apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused. The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.

A radiomic signature based on magnetic resonance imaging to determine adrenal Cushing's syndrome.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop radiomics signature-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine adrenal Cushing's syndrome (ACS) in adrenal incidentalomas (AI).

Material And Methods: A total of 50 patients with AI were included in this study. The patients were grouped as nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI) and ACS.

Diabetic foot ulcers: A devastating complication of diabetes mellitus continues non-stop in spite of new medical treatment modalities.

Diabetic foot ulcer is a devastating complication of diabetes mellitus and significant cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world and can be complex and costly. The development of foot ulcer in a diabetic patient has been estimated to be 19%-34% through their lifetime. The pathophysiology of diabetic foot ulcer consist of neuropathy, trauma and, in many patients, additional peripheral arterial disease.

Newly-onset Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus Triggered by COVID 19 Infection: A Case-based Review.

The devastating global pandemic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) isolated in China in January 2020 is responsible for an outbreak of pneumonia and other multisystemic complications. The clinical picture of the infection has extreme variability: it goes from asymptomatic patients or mild forms with fever, cough, fatigue and loss of smell and taste to severe cases ending up in the intensive care unit (ICU). This is due to a possible cytokine storm that may lead to multiorgan failure, septic shock, or thrombosis.

Awareness of Vaccination against Respiratory Tract Diseases, Including Pneumonia, Influenza, and COVID-19 in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of severe acute respiratory infections, and vaccination is their life-saving option. This study aimed to investigate the interest and knowledge of patients about influenza, pneumonia, and COVID-19(coronavirus disease 2019) vaccines. .

A machine learning approach to distinguishing between non-functioning and autonomous cortisol secreting adrenal incidentaloma on magnetic resonance imaging using texture analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the possibility of distinguishing between nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI) and autonomous cortisol secreting adrenal incidentalomas (ACSAI) with a model created with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics and clinical features.

Methods: In this study, 100 adrenal lesions were evaluated. The lesions were segmented on unenhanced T1-weighted in-phase (IP) and opposed-phase (OP) as well as on T2-weighted (T2-W) 3Tesla MRIs.

Regional variability of modified Ferriman-Gallwey scorring in premenopausal healthy women in Southern Turkey.

Although modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mF-G) scorring has been the gold standard for assessing hirsutism, also known that this scorring could show variability according to ethnicity. Hence, false positive hirsutism diagnosis and unnecessary anti-androgen therapy can prescribed. It was aimed to disclose the regional characteristics of this scorring in healthy women living in Southern Turkey.

PLXNB1 mutations in the etiology of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) comprises a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by pubertal failure caused by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency. Genetic factors involved in semaphorin/plexin signaling have been identified in patients with IHH. PlexinB1, a member of the plexin family receptors, serves as the receptor for semaphorin 4D (Sema4D).

Is it Possible to Assess the Functional Status of Hormone Secretion or Non- Secretion of Adrenal Masses Through Their Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Characteristics?

Background: Diagnostic imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be performed on all patients with incidentalomas. However, limited number of studies on whether the quantitative measurements (signal intensity index, adrenal to spleen ratio) in MRI could predict the functional status of adrenal adenomas are available.

Methods: Between 2015-2020, 404 patients (265 females, 139 males) with adrenal mass who were referred to the university hospital for further investigation were included.

Novel Classification of Acromegaly in Accordance with Immunohistochemical Subtypes: Is There Really a Clinical Relevance?

According to the recent studies, immunohistochemical subtypes of growth hormone (GH) secreting adenomas have been considered as a predictive factor in determining the clinical outcomes including biochemical, radiologic, and endocrine remission. In a 20 year-of time period, acromegaly patients who were treated and followed at the Endocrinology Department of our University Hospital were screened for the study. Of total 98 patients, 65 patients who had been operated by transsphenoidal surgery and having postoperative specimens were included.

Which predictors could effect on remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus after the metabolic surgery: A general perspective of current studies?

Background: The alarming rise in the worldwide prevalence of obesity is paralleled by an increasing burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metabolic surgery is the most effective means of obtaining substantial and durable weight loss in individual obese patients with T2DM. There are randomized trials that justify the inclusion of metabolic surgery into the treatment algorithm for patients with T2DM, but remission rates of T2DM after metabolic surgery can display great variability.

Outcomes of surgical and/or medical treatment in patients with prolactinomas during long-term follow-up: a retrospective single-centre study.

Objectives: Prolactinoma is the most common cause of pituitary tumours. Current medical guidelines recommend dopamine agonists (cabergoline or bromocriptine) as the initial therapy for prolactinoma. However, surgical removal can also be considered in selected cases, such as patients with macroadenomas with local complications (bleeding or optic chiasm pressure) or those not responding to medical treatment.

Pituitary Volume in Patients with Primary Empty Sella and Clinical Relevance to Pituitary Hormone Secretion: A Retrospective Single Center Study.

Background: According to neuroradiological findings, empty sella seems to be deprived of pituitary tissue in sella turcica. Changing size of the pituitary volume is closely related to the occurrence of primary empty sella. The aim of the study is to determine pituitary dysfunction in patients with partial or total primary empty sella and the significance of pituitary volume measurements in these patients.

Clinical Relevance and Immunohistochemical Patterns of Silent Pituitary Adenomas: 10 Years of Single-centre Experience.

Background: Silent pituitary adenomas are clinically non-functional (i.e., without clinically evident pituitary hormone production).