Risks and limits of bariatric surgery: old solutions and a new potential option.

The present review focuses on the side effects that ex-obese patients face following bariatric surgery. We searched through the principal medical indexes (SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE) using the following words, both alone and in combinations: bariatrics; bariatric surgery; anemia; vitamin B12; cobalamin; folate; folic acid; iron; iron supplements; gut microbiota; lactalbumin; α-lactalbumin. To perform exhaustive research, we considered articles published since 1985.

D-Chiro-Inositol and Myo-Inositol Induce WAT/BAT Trans-Differentiation in Two Different Human Adipocyte Models (SGBS and LiSa-2).

White adipose tissue/brown adipose tissue trans-differentiation is one of the main study targets for therapies against obesity and metabolic diseases. In recent years, numerous molecules able to induce such trans-differentiation have been identified; however, their effect in obesity therapies has not been as expected. In the present study, we investigated whether myo-inositol and its stereoisomer D-chiro-inositol could be involved in the browning of white adipose tissue.

Unopposed estrogens: current and future perspectives.

Estrogens and progestogens act on female reproductive tissues in opposite ways. As they counteract each other actions, the correct balance between these two classes of hormones is pivotal to avoid dangerous states. Unopposed estrogens occur when progestogen levels do not balance estrogens, primarily deriving from overproduction of estrogens via aromatase enzyme.

New Insights into the Activities of D-Chiro-Inositol: A Narrative Review.

D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is a natural compound detectable in cell membranes, which is highly conserved as a biological signaling molecule. In mammals, its function is primarily characterized in the intracellular transduction cascade of insulin. In particular, insulin signal promotes the release of pivotal DCI-containing molecules.

Oxidative Stress and Male Fertility: Role of Antioxidants and Inositols.

Infertility is defined as a couple's inability to conceive after at least one year of regular unprotected intercourse. This condition has become a global health problem affecting approximately 187 million couples worldwide and about half of the cases are attributable to male factors. Oxidative stress is a common reason for several conditions associated with male infertility.

Myo-Inositol as a Key Supporter of Fertility and Physiological Gestation.

Pregnancy is a complex process, featuring several necessary changes in women's physiology. Most women undergo healthy pregnancies; even so, several women experience reduced fertility or pathologies related to the pregnancy. In the last years, researchers investigated several molecules as promoters of fertility.

Inositol treatment for psychological symptoms in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome women.

Objective: PCOS women experience different discomfort as a consequence of the illness. During the years, several risk factors and treatments emerged. This review aims at underlining evidence on psychological symptoms in PCOS women and on the effectiveness of therapies.

The use of D-chiro-Inositol in clinical practice.

Objective: D-chiro-Inositol has been widely used in clinical practice to induce ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Only recent evidence established that this molecule acts through two different mechanisms, with potentially different outcomes. On the one hand, under a metabolic perspective, D-chiro-Inositol improves insulin signaling, thus restoring physiological insulin levels in resistant subjects.