ACVR and ECVDI consensus statement for teleradiology.

Increased demand for the interpretation of diagnostic images by board-certified radiologists and profound advancements in technology have led to extremely rapid growth in the field of veterinary teleradiology over the past decade. The aim of this consensus statement is to provide a guideline for best practices for quality and safety in veterinary teleradiology. The statement addresses appropriate image acquisition and transmission, the creation of teleradiology submissions, quality control in teleradiology, and appropriate documentation of imaging reports, as deficiencies in any of these areas may directly affect the standard of patient care.

The wedge sign: A possible lung ultrasound sign for pulmonary thromboembolism.

Objective: To describe the finding of the lung ultrasound (LUS) "wedge sign" in dogs with presumptive pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).

Case Series Summary: This case series describes 2 dogs with predisposing risk factors of (1) right transvenous pacemaker terminating in its right ventricle, severe protein-losing nephropathy, and glucocorticoid therapy, and (2) caval syndrome, each having the LUS "wedge sign" in upper lung regions, a sign consistent with pulmonary infarction and peripheral PTE.

New Or Unique Information Provided: Historically, the diagnosis of canine PTE has been made through supportive findings because the gold standard test, computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), poses limitations.

Intervening With Smoking Parents of Inpatients to Reduce Exposure: The INSPIRE Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Hospitalized children have high rates of tobacco smoke exposure; parents who smoke may be receptive to interventions during their child's hospitalization.

Objective: We tested the efficacy of a smoking cessation intervention for parents of hospitalized children.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, single-blind clinical trial from 12/14-5/18 at the Children's Hospital Colorado.

Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease.

Background: Ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema (GBWE) is a marker for anaphylaxis in dogs. Cardiac disease can cause GBWE with similar signs and should be included as a differential diagnosis to prevent interpretation errors.

Hypothesis/objectives: Document GBWE associated with cardiac disease.

Verminous myelopathy secondary to aberrant Dirofilaria immitis migrans was detected in the cervical subarachnoid space of four dogs using MRI and CT.

Aberrant Dirofilaria immitis migrans is a rare cause of neurologic signs in dogs, however, published studies describing the computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of this problem are currently lacking. The objective of this retrospective case series study was to describe the clinical and imaging findings for four adult dogs with verminous myelopathy due to aberrant Dirofilaria immitis migrans within the cervical subarachnoid space. All dogs were toy breeds, were heartworm antigen positive, had neurologic signs (ranging from cervical hyperesthesia to tetraparesis), and similar MRI findings.

Smoking Behaviors Among Tobacco-Using Parents of Hospitalized Children and Association With Child Cotinine Level.

Objectives: Understanding patterns of parental tobacco use and their association with child exposure can help us target interventions more appropriately. We aimed to examine the association between parental smoking practices and cotinine levels of hospitalized children.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data collected from parents of hospitalized children, recruited for a cessation intervention randomized controlled trial.

Prevalence of Social Risks on Inpatient Screening and Their Impact on Pediatric Care Use.

Objectives: Screening for social determinants of health in the inpatient setting is uncommon. However, social risk factors documented in billing and electronic medical record data are associated with increased pediatric care use. We sought to describe (1) the epidemiology of social risks and referral acceptance and (2) association between social risks identified through routine inpatient screening and care use.

Radiological protection of the patient in veterinary medicine and the role of ICRP.

At the request of the Main Commission of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), Task Group 107 (TG107) was set up to consider the issue of radiological protection of the patient in veterinary medicine. TG107, who authored this article, brought together information relating to the use of diagnostic imaging and radiation oncology in veterinary medicine. A number of specific areas were identified that appeared to be appropriate for attention by ICRP.

Tobacco Smoke Exposure Reduction Strategies-Do They Work?

Objective: Many children experience tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) and parents may take preventive measures to reduce TSE. The study goal is to assess if these strategies are associated with lower cotinine values, an objective biological measure of TSE.

Methods: Families admitted to Children's Hospital Colorado from 2014 to 2018 who screened positive for TSE were invited to participate in a tobacco smoking cessation/reduction program.

Diaphragmatic dysfunction in dogs with cervical spinal disorders before and after surgery using fluoroscopy, motion-mode ultrasound and radiography was not different than a group of control dogs.

Cervical spinal disorders can lead to life-threatening respiratory complications. Diaphragmatic dysfunction is attributed to spinal cord morbidity secondary to cervical myelopathy or decompressive surgical intervention. The purpose of this observational case-control study was to determine the frequency of diaphragmatic dysfunction in dogs with cervical spinal disorders and a control group, the strength of association between cervical myelopathies and decompressive surgery with diaphragm paresis, and the agreement between and clinical usefulness of fluoroscopy, motion-mode ultrasonography, and radiography for diagnosing diaphragmatic dysfunction.

Neurolymphomatosis caused by T-cell lymphosarcoma in a cat: imaging description and treatment review.

Case Summary: A 16-year-old domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for acute-onset right pelvic limb monoparesis localized to the sciatic nerve. MRI revealed a homogeneously contrast-enhancing, well-demarcated mass effacing the right sciatic nerve from its intravertebral origin to the end of the viewable field (mid-femur). Abdominal ultrasound revealed thickened small intestinal loops and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes.

Assessment of humaneness using gunshot targeting the brain and cervical spine for cervid depopulation under field conditions.

Population reduction or eradication of domestic or non-domestic species may be required to address their impacts on the environment, other species, or human interests. Firearms are often used to accomplish these practical management objectives, and there is increased concern that the methods used may compromise animal welfare. We document the accuracy and humaneness of gunshot placement to the brain and cervical vertebrae of Philippine deer (Rusa marianna) on Guam during depopulation activities as a model for meeting AVMA standards of euthanasia under field conditions (e.

Physeal Acetabular Fracture in a Dog Treated with External Fixation.

An acetabular physeal fracture in a 13 wk old dog was treated with open fixation using Kirschner wire cross pins and a four-pin Type 1A external fixator, resulting in successful healing of the fracture. Three years following the surgery, marked osteoarthrosis of the affected hip was noted, although clinical function of the hip was good. The authors suggest this fixation method be considered a viable option for fixation of acetabular physeal fractures in dogs.

Retention of gadolinium in the brains of healthy dogs after a single intravenous administration of gadodiamide.

OBJECTIVE To determine brain region affinity for and retention of gadolinium in dogs after administration of gadodiamide and whether formalin fixation affects quantification. ANIMALS 14 healthy dogs. PROCEDURES 13 dogs received gadodiamide (range, 0.

Acute cerebrovascular event in a dog with polycythemia vera.

A 1-year-old neutered male Labrador retriever mixed breed dog was referred for peracute onset of ataxia and seizures. Hematocrit at presentation was 84%. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a lesion in the right caudate nucleus consistent with infarction.

Single-voxel and multi-voxel spectroscopy yield comparable results in the normal juvenile canine brain when using 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging.

Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of canine brain diseases are often nonspecific. Single- and multi-voxel spectroscopy techniques allow quantification of chemical biomarkers for tissues of interest and may help to improve diagnostic specificity. However, published information is currently lacking for the in vivo performance of these two techniques in dogs.

Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and a novel surgical approach of atlanto-axial instability with incongruence in dogs.

Atlanto-axial (AA) instability due to ligament insufficiency is a common cause of cervical spinal cord compression in toy breeds. However, in some dogs a difference in size between the atlas and the axis leads to joint incongruence that exacerbates AA subluxation and makes surgical treatment challenging. Twelve dogs with AA instability with incongruence were enrolled in a single institution prospective observational study.

Canine Hip Dysplasia: Diagnostic Imaging.

Diagnostic imaging is the principal method used to screen for and diagnose hip dysplasia in the canine patient. Multiple techniques are available, each having advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. Hip-extended radiography is the most used method and is best used as a screening tool and for assessment for osteoarthritis.