Unconventional use of Invisalign® in the treatment of ectopic palatal maxillary canines.

Background: The proper development of the dental arches, including the eruption and correct positioning of the canines in the arch, is essential for the oral health of growing patients. Impacted canines not only give rise to functional challenges but also pose esthetic issues for patients. The aim of this article is to show if it is possible to benefit from the exclusive use of transparent aligners to guide the eruption of ectopic upper canines into the arch in the correct position.

The importance of promoting oral health in schools: a pilot study.

Promotion of oral health has an essential role in the maintenance of teeth in adults. However, health education must start from an early age, in order to monitor the child's growth and prevent pathologies. Schools are in charge of the overall education of children and of guidance to parents but could also be engaged in the promotion of oral health, supported and counseled by pediatricians and dentists.

Epithelial Biological Response to Machined Titanium vs. PVD Zirconium-Coated Titanium: An In Vitro Study.

The aim of this study was to compare the epithelial biological response to machined titanium Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 and titanium Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 coated with zirconia (ZrN) by physical vapor deposition (PVD). Human keratinocytes were cultured in six-well plates. Machined titanium TiAl4V4 grade 5 (T1) and ZrN-coated titanium TiAl4V4 grade 5 (T2) discs were placed in two different wells.

Prevention of malocclusion and the importance of early diagnosis in the Italian young population.

Aim: Malocclusion is an alteration of the normal relationships between skeletal, muscle and dental structures that can lead to impaired functionality as well as aesthetic alteration of the stomatognathic system. Functional alteration can affect various aspects, ranging from chewing ability to respiratory disorders. Paediatricians and dentists are called to prevent and diagnose these conditions as early as possible in order to preserve the patient's health.

Elastodontic Devices in Orthodontics: An In-Vitro Study on Mechanical Deformation under Loading.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the mechanical resistance of elastodontic devices (ED): their maximum compression loads and plastic deformation under loading (percentage). An Instron universal machine (Model 3365, Instron, Industrial Product Group, Grove City, PA, USA) was employed with a 100 N load cell and with Bluehill software for loading analyses. Each device was submitted to a five-cycles test.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS): guideline for differential diagnosis and management.

Aim: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a painful and common ulcerative form that can pose a diagnostic challenge. In fact, similar oral ulcers can appear secondary to a variety of well-defined pathological conditions. Thus, the purpose of this work was to update the current knowledge about RAS METHODS: A narrative review is presented aiming to clarify the extensive differential diagnosis of RAS and its management.

Reduction of radiations exposure in endodontics: comparative analysis of direct (GX S-700, Gendex) and semidirect (VistaScan Mini View, Dürr) digital systems.

The importance of intraoral periapical radiography is crucial as it represents a fundamental mean of evaluation and diagnosis for supporting bone and teeth hard tissues diseases and pathologies. Even though conventional film technology is still widespread, presently there are many digital radiography alternatives. Direct digital systems are devices with an intraoral sensor wired or paired wireless with a computer.

Radiographic and electronic working length comparison. An study of three Electronic Apex Locator devices.

The aim of this study is to compare the working length measured with Root ZX (EAL1), Propex II (EAL2) and Endo Analyzer Model 8005 (EAL3) with radiographic measurements during endodontic treatment. Fifty single canal teeth scheduled for endodontic treatment were selected for the study. After endodontic access preparation, pulp chamber was irrigated with 5mL of 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).

Microbial leakage evaluation of warm gutta - percha techniques.

The aim of this study is to compare bacterial leakage of MicroHeat and continuous wave with and without endodontic sealer. Thirty-eight single-rooted extracted mandibular premolars were selected and randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=8) and two control groups (n=3). Teeth were prepared with Mtwo NiTi files and obturated with MicroHeat or System B with or without endodontic sealer.

Is Dental Amalgam a Higher Risk Factor rather than Resin-Based Restorations for Systemic Conditions? A Systematic Review.

Objective: The aim of this study was to confirm the hypothesis that patients with one or more amalgam restorations have an increased risk for systemic diseases rather than patients with resin-based restorations.

Data: The data search produced an initial 3568 total number of records. All titles and abstract were reviewed by five independent examiners, and only 36 records were selected for full text in depth examination.

Paediatric endodontics Part 2: Pulp regeneration: current approaches.

Dental pulp regeneration: An overview of the current approaches. Regenerative Endodontic Procedures (REPs) are biologically based procedures aimed at restoring the damaged structures and physiological functions of the pulp-dentine complex. Clinically, two strategies have been proposed so far to induce REP: cell transplantation and cell homing.

Paediatric endodontics. Part. 1: Portland Cements Apical Plug.

Treatment of necrotic immature permanent anterior teeth with Portland cements apical plug. The long-term success of endodontic treatment depends on the quality of the apical and coronal seal. In necrotic immature teeth the treatment can be challenging for the clinician as the endodontic anatomy and the presence of bacterial infection need to be addressed with special techniques and materials in order to obtain an effective and biocompatible apical seal.

Antibacterial activity of first and latest generation bioceramic sealers on the elimination of enterococcus faecalis: An .

The main concern of endodontics are bacteria: the microorganisms and the toxins they release determine tissue destruction and inflammatory changes that trigger the pulpal and periapical pathology. Enterococcus faecalis is a particularly hostile bacterium; it is strongly associated with refractory periapical pathology. In this study 3 materials were tested: Aureoseal (OGNA, Italy) (Aur) (first generation bioceramic sealer); Endo Seuqence BC sealer (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA, USA) (EsBC) (latest generation bioceramic sealer); Endoidrox (OGNA, Italy) (Endx) (calcium hydroxide material).

Epidemiological study on radiographic dental health in Albania.

The aim of this epidemiological study is to assess the dental health status of the Albanian population and the most frequently performed dental treatments, also highlighting the differences between sex, geographic area and educational level. The study was performed by analyzing digital orthopanoramic radiographs of 739 Albanian patients, male and female, divided into 5 age groups. In addition, the patients were divided according to regions of origin in North, Centre and South and classified according to the level of education.

Aesthetic correction of double tooth: simplified technique.

The aim of this study is to report aesthetic conservative treatment of double tooth anomaly. Case report: A 7.5-year-old patient presents an anomaly of the maxillary right upper central incisor with a bifid crown and an increased mesio-distal width and a central incisal notch, probably amenable to a gemination.

State-of-the-art on MIH. Part. 2 MIH clinical management using ozone.

MIH is still a challenge in paediatric dentistry, due to the high sensitivity caused to the first permanent molars, that can greatly reduce the cooperation either for home oral hygiene or for in-office treatment. In this contest the use of ozone emphasises the ART technique (Atraumatic Restorative Treatment) and introduces modern "no aerosol" concept.

Shaping Ability of Reciproc R25 File and Mtwo System Used in Continuous and Reciprocating Motion.

Aim: Nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments were designed to be used in continuous rotation mode with controlled speed and torque and a sequence of different sizes. The reciprocating motion was purposed to improve cyclic fatigue of rotary instruments if compared to the conventional rotation. The purpose of this work was to compare the shaping ability of Reciproc R25, Mtwo #25/0.

State-of-the-art on MIH. Part. 1 Definition and aepidemiology.

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is one of the most pressing issues in paediatric dentistry. It is a qualitative enamel defect of systemic origin that affects at least one first permanent molar and can also be associated with permanent incisors. However, the same defects have also been observed on primary molars and other permanent teeth.

CAD/CAM Customized Glass Fiber Post and Core With Digital Intraoral Impression: A Case Report.

Background: After endodontic treatment, a proper restorative technique is necessary to ensure coronal seal and protection of residual dental structure; teeth which have lost two or more walls need to be restored with posts to increase retention and stability of final restoration. Posts can be distinguished in prefabricated and customized, which are manufactured by lost wax technique or CAD-CAM.

Purpose: Digital dentistry has been developed to increase workflow precision and to accelerate production process; use of CAD-CAM to realize customized posts was limited to scanning plaster models obtained from traditional impressions.

Complications in sinus lift.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of atrophic maxillary implants often requires grafting owing to vertical and transversal bone deficiency. The use of this procedure in order to insert implants was introduced by Tatum and published as a clinical study by Boyne and James. It can be performed via a lateral or crestal approach.

Dentinal substrate variability and bonding effectiveness: SEM investigation.

Though the literature reports a well-documented scientific evidence of the performance of modern adhesive systems on normal dentin, few researches are available on the interaction between adhesives and compromised dentin. In this study, the authors analyzed the microscopic structural aspects of the adhesive interface on two common altered dentin substrates: dentin contaminated by metallic oxides and caries affected dentin. Thirty teeth were selected and divided in three groups of ten teeth according to the different dentin substrate they had: (A) normal dentin, (B) caries-affected dentin and (C) dentin contaminated by metallic oxides.

Effect of pressure and light curing of composite micro hardness.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the micro hardness Vickers of a composite micro hybrid polymerized under constant pressure. Twelve experimental samples were made equally divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control. Enamel plus HRi (Micerium) microbiotic composite resin, UD3 colour, was inserted into a syringe heater (ENA HEAT Composite Heating Conditioner) so that the material could be brought to a temperature of 39°C.

The relationship of tooth shade and skin tone and its influence on the smile attractiveness.

Objective: The purpose of this clinical study was to determine if skin tone and tooth color had the same influence on smile attractiveness.

Materials And Methods: A woman's smile photograph was digitally manipulated to create a range of images with varying colors. The skin shade was modified to create four tones (p1: light, p2: light medium, p3: medium dark, p4: dark) using the L'Oreal True Illusion shade as a guide.