Nonlinear Economic State Equilibria via van der Waals Modeling.

The renowned van der Waals (VDW) state equation quantifies the equilibrium relationship between the pressure , volume , and temperature kBT of a real gas. We assign new variable interpretations adapted to the economic context: P→Y, representing price; V→X, representing demand; and kBT→κ, representing income, to describe an economic state equilibrium. With this reinterpretation, the price elasticity of demand (PED) and the income elasticity of demand (YED) are non-constant factors and may exhibit a singularity of the cusp-catastrophe type.

Stochastic pairwise preference convergence in Bayesian agents.

Beliefs inform the behavior of forward-thinking agents in complex environments. Recently, sequential Bayesian inference has emerged as a mechanism to study belief formation among agents adapting to dynamical conditions. However, we lack critical theory to explain how preferences evolve in cases of simple agent interactions.

Local versus nonlocal barycentric interactions in 1D agent dynamics.

The mean-field dynamics of a collection of stochastic agents evolving under local and nonlocal interactions in one dimension is studied via analytically solvable models. The nonlocal interactions between agents result from (a) a finite extension of the agents interaction range and (b) a barycentric modulation of the interaction strength. Our modeling framework is based on a discrete two-velocity Boltzmann dynamics which can be analytically discussed.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of xylose isomerase from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurigenes strain 4B.

Xylose isomerase from the thermophile Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurigenes strain 4B has been crystallized by vapour diffusion from Jeffamine ED 4000 as precipitant. The crystal symmetry is P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit cell dimensions a = 85.6 A, b = 153.

The three-dimensional structure of class pi glutathione S-transferase in complex with glutathione sulfonate at 2.3 A resolution.

The three-dimensional structure of class pi glutathione S-transferase from pig lung, a homodimeric enzyme, has been solved by multiple isomorphous replacement at 3 A resolution and preliminarily refined at 2.3 A resolution (R = 0.24).

Glutathione transferase from bovine placenta. Preparation, biochemical characterization, crystallization, and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a neutral class PI enzyme.

A method was developed to purify glutathione transferase from bovine placenta by affinity chromatography and fast protein liquid chromatography. The purified enzyme was homogeneous as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The dimeric enzyme is composed of identical subunits with a molecular weight of 23,000; its isoelectric point is 6.