Antibody-Based Antigen Delivery to Dendritic Cells as a Vaccination Strategy Against Ebola Virus Disease.

Dendritic cells connect innate and adaptive immune responses. This is a particularly important immune checkpoint in the case of emerging infections against which most of the population does not have preexisting antibody immunity. In this study, we sought to test whether antibody-based delivery of Ebola virus (EBOV) antigens to dendritic cells could be used as a vaccination strategy against Ebola virus disease.

In-Plane Chirality Control of a Charge Density Wave by Means of Shear Stress.

The transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS exhibits a Charge Density Wave (CDW) with in-plane chirality. Due to the rich phase diagram, the Ferro-Rotational Order (FRO) can be tuned by external stimuli. The FRO is studied by Angle-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy (ARPES), Raman spectroscopy, and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED).

Temperature Induced, Reversible Switching of Ferro-Rotational Order Coupled to Superlattice Commensuralibity.

High-quality 1T-TaS crystals are investigated by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction. The Ferro-Rotational Order (FRO) of the charge density wave switches configuration at the transition between the commensurate and the nearly commensurate phase. This process requires samples without built-in or externally induced strain.

Tuning the Multiferroic Properties of BiFeO_{3} under Uniaxial Strain.

More than twenty years ago, multiferroic compounds combining in particular magnetism and ferroelectricity were rediscovered. Since then, BiFeO_{3} has emerged as the most outstanding multiferroic by combining at room temperature almost all the fundamental or applicative properties that may be desired: electroactive spin wave excitations called electromagnons, conductive domain walls, or a low band gap of interest for magnonic devices. All these properties have so far only been discontinuously strain engineered in thin films according to the lattice parameter imposed by the substrate.

Disentangling Lattice and Electronic Instabilities in the Excitonic Insulator Candidate Ta_{2}NiSe_{5} by Nonequilibrium Spectroscopy.

Ta_{2}NiSe_{5} is an excitonic insulator candidate showing the semiconductor or semimetal-to-insulator (SI) transition below T_{c}=326  K. However, since a structural transition accompanies the SI transition, deciphering the role of electronic and lattice degrees of freedom in driving the SI transition has remained controversial. Here, we investigate the photoexcited nonequilibrium state in Ta_{2}NiSe_{5} using pump-probe Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies.

Nematic-Fluctuation-Mediated Superconductivity Revealed by Anisotropic Strain in Ba(Fe_{1-x}Co_{x})_{2}As_{2}.

Anisotropic strain is an external field capable of selectively addressing the role of nematic fluctuations in promoting superconductivity. We demonstrate this using polarization-resolved elasto-Raman scattering by probing the evolution of nematic fluctuations under strain in the normal and superconducting state of the paradigmatic iron-based superconductor Ba(Fe_{1-x}Co_{x})_{2}As_{2}. In the parent compound BaFe_{2}As_{2} we observe a strain-induced suppression of the nematic susceptibility which follows the expected behavior of an Ising order parameter under a symmetry breaking field.

Elastic and magnetoelastic properties of TbMnOsingle crystal by nanosecond time resolved acoustics and first-principles calculations.

Time resolved pump and probe acoustics and first-principles calculations were employed to assess elastic properties of the TbMnOperovskite manganite having orthorhombic symmetry. Measuring sound velocities of bulk longitudinal and shear acoustic waves propagating along at least two different directions in the high symmetry planes (100), (010) and (001), provided a powerful mean to selectively determine the six diagonal elastic constants= 227 GPa,= 349 GPa,= 274 GPa,= 71 GPa,= 57 GPa,= 62 GPa. Among the three remaining off-diagonal ones,= 103 GPa was determined with a bissectrice direction.

Possible observation of the signature of the bad metal phase and its crossover to a Fermi liquid in κ-(BEDT-TTF)Cu(NCS) bulk and nanoparticles by Raman scattering.

κ-(BEDT-TTF)Cu(NCS) has been investigated by Raman scattering in both bulk and nanoparticle compounds. Phonon modes from 20 to 1600 cm have been assigned. Focusing on the unexplored low frequency phonons, a plateau in frequencies is observed in the bulk phonons between 50 and 100 K and assigned to the signature of the bad metal phase.

Possible observation of the signature of the bad metal phase and its crossover to a Fermi liquid in Κ-(BEDT-TTF)Cu(NCS)bulk and nanoparticles by Raman scattering.

Κ-(BEDT-TTF)Cu(NCS)has been investigated by Raman scattering in both bulk and nanoparticle compounds. Phonon modes from 20 to 1600 cmhave been assigned. Focusing on the unexplored low frequency phonons, a plateau in frequencies is observed in the bulk phonons between 50 and 100 K and assigned to the signature of the bad metal phase.

4C3 Human Monoclonal Antibody: A Proof of Concept for Non-pathogenic Proteinase 3 Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a severe autoimmune vasculitis associated with the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) mainly targeting proteinase 3 (PR3), a neutrophilic serine proteinase. PR3-ANCA binding to membrane-bound PR3 on neutrophils induce their auto-immune activation responsible for vascular lesions. However, the correlation between PR3-ANCA level and disease activity remains inconsistent, suggesting the existence of non-pathogenic PR3-ANCA.

Phase-resolved Higgs response in superconducting cuprates.

In high-energy physics, the Higgs field couples to gauge bosons and fermions and gives mass to their elementary excitations. Experimentally, such couplings can be inferred from the decay product of the Higgs boson, i.e.

Magnon bound states versus anyonic Majorana excitations in the Kitaev honeycomb magnet α-RuCl.

The pure Kitaev honeycomb model harbors a quantum spin liquid in zero magnetic fields, while applying finite magnetic fields induces a topological spin liquid with non-Abelian anyonic excitations. This latter phase has been much sought after in Kitaev candidate materials, such as α-RuCl. Currently, two competing scenarios exist for the intermediate field phase of this compound (B = 7 - 10 T), based on experimental as well as theoretical results: (i) conventional multiparticle magnetic excitations of integer quantum number vs.

Nematic fluctuations in the cuprate superconductor BiSrCaCuO.

Establishing the presence and the nature of a quantum critical point in their phase diagram is a central enigma of the high-temperature superconducting cuprates. It could explain their pseudogap and strange metal phases, and ultimately their high superconducting temperatures. Yet, while solid evidences exist in several unconventional superconductors of ubiquitous critical fluctuations associated to a quantum critical point, in the cuprates they remain undetected until now.

Growth Hormone Aggregates Activation of Human Dendritic Cells Is Controlled by Rac1 and PI3 Kinase Signaling Pathways.

The presence of protein aggregates in biological products is suggested to promote immunogenicity, leading to the production of anti-drug antibodies with neutralizing capacities. This suggests a CD4 T-cell dependent adaptive immune response, thus a pivotal role for antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs). We previously showed that human growth hormone aggregates induced DC maturation, with notably an increase in CXCL10 production.

Healthy Donors Exhibit a CD4 T Cell Repertoire Specific to the Immunogenic Human Hormone H2-Relaxin before Injection.

H2-relaxin (RLN2) is a two-chain peptide hormone structurally related to insulin with a therapeutic potential in multiple indications. However, multiple injections of human RLN2 induced anti-RLN2 Abs in patients, hampering its clinical development. As T cell activation is required to produce Abs, we wondered whether T cells specific for RLN2 might be already present in the human blood before any injection.

Evaluation of Assays to Assess the Modulation of Dendritic Cells Functions by Therapeutic Antibodies and Aggregates.

Therapeutic antibodies have the potential to induce immunogenicity leading to the development of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) that consequently may result in reduced serum drug concentrations, a loss of efficacy or potential hypersensitivity reactions. Among other factors, aggregated antibodies have been suggested to promote immunogenicity, thus enhancing ADA production. Dendritic cells (DC) are the most efficient antigen-presenting cell population and are crucial for the initiation of T cell responses and the subsequent generation of an adaptive immune response.

Pressure-Induced Collapse of the Charge Density Wave and Higgs Mode Visibility in 2H-TaS_{2}.

The pressure evolution of the Raman active electronic excitations of the transition metal dichalcogenides 2H-TaS_{2} is followed through the pressure phase diagram embedding incommensurate charge-density-wave and superconducting states. At high pressure, the charge-density wave is found to collapse at 8.5 GPa.

Collapse of Critical Nematic Fluctuations in FeSe under Pressure.

We report the evolution of the electronic nematic susceptibility in FeSe via Raman scattering as a function of hydrostatic pressure up to 5.8 GPa where the superconducting transition temperature T_{c} reaches its maximum. The critical nematic fluctuations observed at low pressure vanish above 1.

Higgs Mode in the d-Wave Superconductor Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+x} Driven by an Intense Terahertz Pulse.

We investigate the terahertz (THz)-pulse-driven nonlinear response in the d-wave cuprate superconductor Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+x} (Bi2212) using a THz pump near-infrared probe scheme in the time domain. We observe an oscillatory behavior of the optical reflectivity that follows the THz electric field squared and is markedly enhanced below T_{c}. The corresponding third-order nonlinear effect exhibits both A_{1g} and B_{1g} symmetry components, which are decomposed from polarization-resolved measurements.

Human blood monocytes are able to form extracellular traps.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular DNA filaments formed during neutrophil activation. This process, called netosis, was originally associated with neutrophil antibacterial properties. However, several lines of evidence now suggest a major role for netosis in thrombosis, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.

Ten-year outcomes of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia catheter ablation in repaired tetralogy of Fallot.

Background: Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (MVT) is common in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and is associated with sudden cardiac death. Management of MVT is not defined, and results of catheter ablation (CA) are limited.

Aims: To evaluate long-term outcomes of MVT CA in repaired TOF.

Strain and Magnetic Field Induced Spin-Structure Transitions in Multiferroic BiFeO.

The magnetic-field-dependent spin ordering of strained BiFeO films is determined using nuclear resonant scattering and Raman spectroscopy. The critical field required to destroy the cycloidal modulation of the Fe spins is found to be significantly lower than in the bulk, with appealing implications for field-controlled spintronic and magnonic devices.

Effect of growth hormone and IgG aggregates on dendritic cells activation and T-cells polarization.

Patients treated with therapeutic biological products (BP) frequently develop anti-drug antibodies (ADA) with potential neutralizing capacities leading to loss of clinical response or serious side effects. BP aggregates have been suggested to promote immunogenicity, thus enhancing ADA production. Dendritic cells (DC) are key effectors in T-cell and B-cell fates, and the subsequent generation of immunogenicity.

Protein kinase CK2 controls T-cell polarization through dendritic cell activation in response to contact sensitizers.

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) represents a severe health problem with increasing worldwide prevalence. It is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease caused by chemicals present in the daily or professional environment. NiSO and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) are 2 chemicals involved in ACD.