Benzofuroxans: A Possible +100 Years Old Misunderstanding?

Since 1912 benzofuroxans have been believed to exhibit a molecular structure characterised by the presence of two fused rings, i. e. a benzene ring and a pentatomic heterocycle containing a N-O-N fragment wherein one of the two N atoms is involved in a further N O bond, namely benzo[1,2-c]1,2,5-oxadiazole N-oxide.

Helminth infection in wild boars in Primorye, Russia.

Wild boars have a worldwide distribution and also have major economic, veterinary, and medical importance. Due to a small amount of data on the parasitic fauna of wild boars in the Russian Far East, especially in Prymorye territory, a post-mortem parasitic examination of 20 wild boars was provided. The general prevalence was 25%, and a total of six helminth species, including one larva stage, were found.

Stability of Ni-Fe-Layered Double Hydroxide Under Long-Term Operation in AEM Water Electrolysis.

Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) is an attractive method for green hydrogen production. It allows the use of non-platinum group metal catalysts and can achieve performance comparable to proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers due to recent technological advances. While current systems already show high performances with available materials, research gaps remain in understanding electrode durability and degradation behavior.

[Effect of microand nanoplastics on the gastrointestinal mucosa and intestinal microbiome].

Worldwide production and use of the polymers has led to intensive environmental pollution with micro- and nanoplastics (MP and NP). Accumulating in ecosystems, MP are transmitted through food chains and enter the human body. The associated health risks are of grave concern and require assessment.

Self-Standing, Ultrasonic Spray-Deposited Membranes for Fuel Cells.

The polymer electrolyte membrane and its contact with electrodes has a significant effect on the performance of fuel and electrolysis cells but the choice of commercially available membranes is limited. In this study, membranes for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) were made by ultrasonic spray deposition from commercial Nafion solution; the effect of the drying temperature and presence of high boiling solvents on the membrane properties was then analyzed. When choosing suitable conditions, membranes with similar conductivity, water uptake, and higher crystallinity than comparable commercial membranes can be obtained.

Endoparasites of Wild Boars () in Primorsky Krai, Russia.

This study identified helminthic species among wild boars () in Primorsky Krai, Russia. In total, 66 fecal samples were taken from wild boars and examined using the floatation-sedimentation method to identify helminths eggs and protozoan cysts. Age and sex were estimated for each host animal investigated.

Molecular identification of the trematode stat. n. from lungs of siberian tigers justified reappraisal of species complex.

Flukes from the genus Braun, 1899 are medically important foodborne trematodes predominantly occurring throughout Asian countries. Providing molecular genetic characteristics based on ITS2 and partial 28 S rDNA of the paragonimids from the Russian Far East, Northeast, South, and Southeast Asian countries, we performed a partial reappraisal of species complex. Members of this complex are genetically distinct worms with different divergence times and explosive expansion during Miocene-Pliocene epochs.

Molecular Targets of Brown Algae Phlorotannins for the Therapy of Inflammatory Processes of Various Origins.

Inflammatory reactions are part of a complex biological response that plays a vital role in the appearance of various stimuli resulting from tissue and cell damage, the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, and the formation of the subsequent adaptive immune response. The production of many triggers and mediators of inflammation, which are inducers of pro-inflammatory factors, is controlled by numerous differentiation programs, through which inflammation is resolved and tissue homeostasis is restored. However, prolonged inflammatory responses or dysregulation of pro-inflammatory mechanisms can lead to chronic inflammation.

Acute kidney injury in COVID-19: are kidneys the target or just collateral damage? A comprehensive assessment of viral RNA and AKI rate in patients with COVID-19.

Purpose Of Review: To investigate the possible effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on kidney function and assess the rate of viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) shedding/detection in urine.

Recent Findings: Most of the research on the topic suggests that for the moment our ability to estimate whether SARS-CoV-2 is a direct causative agent in acute kidney injury (AKI) or whether it has a cytokine storm effect is limited. During our prospective assessment of 333 patients with COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) it was found that frequency of AKI of 9.

A retrospective study of in domestic dogs: Age, sex distribution, and risk factors.

Background And Aim: infection often appears in domestic dogs. In the present study, parasitological examination of fecal samples from 782 dogs were analyzed for the presence of .

Materials And Methods: Fecal samples were analyzed by means of a standardized flotation method using a saturated salt solution containing NaNO (specific gravity 1.

The prevalence and risk factors of canine demodicosis: A retrospective long-term study of 409 cases.

Canine demodicosis is a common skin disorder with multiple risk factors, including age and breed predisposition. There is relatively limited information about the risk factors for canine demodicosis in large canine populations. This retrospective case-control study was conducted by searching the electronic records of dogs with skin lesions for the presence of Demodex mites in skin scrapings.

CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotyping for the quality of long-standing warfarin treatment in Russian patients.

A total of 263 warfarin naive patients with indications to long-term anticoagulation were included in prospective multicenter study and randomized into Pharmacogenetics and Standard dosing groups. The loading warfarin dose in Pharmacogenetics group was calculated by Gage algorithm and corrected starting on day 5 of treatment according to INR. In Standard dosing group warfarin initial dose was 5 mg and starting on day 3 of treatment it was titrated according to INR.

[Evaluation of the composition of the microbiota of the urethra in men with sexually transmitted infections].

Objective: to conduct a comparative study of the composition of the microbiota of the urethra in men with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and healthy men.

Material And Methods: The study included 103 men aged 18 to 45 years: 42 men with urethritis caused by STIs and 61 clinically healthy men. Identification of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in scrapings from the urethra was performed by PCR in real time (test system Androflor (DNA-Technology, Moscow).

Mitochondria-targeted cationic liposomes modified with alkyltriphenylphosphonium bromides loaded with hydrophilic drugs: preparation, cytotoxicity and colocalization assay.

The purpose of this work was to obtain cationic liposomes based on 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine noncovalently modified using alkyltriphenylphosphonium bromides (TPPB-n) with different lengths of hydrocarbon tail for targeted delivery to mitochondria. The hydrodynamic diameter and electrokinetic potential of hybrid liposomes depending on the lipid/surfactant ratio were monitored in time with the aim to optimize the composition with sufficient stability and positive charge for mitochondria-targeted delivery. It was found that increasing the alkyl tail length of the surfactant (up to TPPB-14) leads to an increase in the positive charge of the liposomes.

[The dialectic approach to biomedical ethics as a foundation of its implementation in actual social cultural conditions].

The most consecutive statement of biomedical ethics principles within educational process and the correct analysis of its problems in the context of rapid development and expansion of a scope of medical technologies are possible only on the basis of synthesis of philosophical, culturological, historical and theological knowledge. Otherwise, biomedical ethics could be substituted for deontology which utilitarian value is indisputable, but which has no sufficient universality in relation to various historical periods and sociocultural conditions. It becomes especially obvious during a globalization era when the states with various experience of cultural-historical development and level of economic potential are forced to create large regional associations for the benefit of the sustainable development.

Alkyl triphenylphosphonium surfactants as nucleic acid carriers: complexation efficacy toward DNA decamers, interaction with lipid bilayers and cytotoxicity studies.

Herein, for the first time the complexation ability of a homological series of triphenylphosphonium surfactants (TPPB-n) toward DNA decamers has been explored. Formation of lipoplexes was confirmed by alternative techniques, including dynamic light scattering, indicating the occurrence of nanosized complexes (ca. 100-150 nm), and monitoring the charge neutralization of nucleotide phosphate groups and the fluorescence quenching of dye-intercalator ethidium bromide.

Sequencing and genetic characterization of two strains Paramushir virus obtained from the Tyuleniy Island in the Okhotsk Sea (2015).

Paramushir virus belongs to Sakhalin virus genogroup within Orthonairovirus genus and is one of the poorly studied viruses with unknown pathogenicity. At the moment, only one nearly complete sequence of Paramushir virus genome, isolated in 1972, is available. Two new strains of PARV were isolated in 2015 from a sample collected at the Tyuleniy Island in the Okhotsk Sea and sequenced using a combination of high throughput sequencing and specific multiplex PCR.

The phylodynamics of the rabies virus in the Russian Federation.

Near complete rabies virus N gene sequences (1,110 nt) were determined for 82 isolates obtained from different regions of Russia between 2008 and 2016. These sequences were analyzed together with 108 representative GenBank sequences from 1977-2016 using the Bayesian coalescent approach. The timing of the major evolutionary events was estimated.

Serological Detection of Causative Agents of Infectious and Invasive Diseases in the Beluga Whale (Pallas, 1776) (Cetacea: Monodontidae) from Sakhalinsky Bay.

Serological detection of some pathogens in the beluga whale population from Sakhalinsky Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk (Sakhalin-Amur beluga whale stock) was performed in 2013-2014 after the largest recorded flood of the Amur River (among observations since 1896). The percent of this population that is immune to the causative agents of clonorchosis was 25.6%; toxoplasmosis, 11.

Isolation and complete genome sequencing of rabies virus strain isolated from a brown bear (Ursus arctos) that attacked a human in Primorsky krai (November, 2014).

An attack of a brown bear (Ursus arctos) on human was detected in November, 2014 in the Barabash village (Khasan region of the Primorski krai) located in close proximity to the national park Land of the Leopard. The bear was shot. The deviant behavior of the bear indicated the possibility of rabies.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Rabies Virus Strain Isolated from a Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) in Primorsky Krai, Russia (November 2014).

We report here the complete genome sequence (GenBank KP997032) of rabies virus strain RABV/Ursus arctos/Russia/Primorye/PO-01/2014, isolated in November 2014 from a brown bear (Ursus arctos) that attacked a person in Primorsky Krai (Russian Federation). This strain was clustered into the Eurasian genetic subgroup of genotype 1 (street rage).

[Dental status in children and adolescents diagnosed with obesity].

Dental status was studied in 168 obese teenagers aged from 12 to 17 years. The study revealed high prevalence in this group of teenagers of oral pathology like caries and fluorosis, inflammatory periodontal disease in 75% of children and poor oral hygiene level. One should consider high need for development of treatment-and-prophylactic measures for improvement of dental status in obese teenagers.

[Parasitic factor and cancer].

There is opinion in the literature as to that liver trematode infections, such as opisthorchiasis, clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, and metorchiasis, can induce cancer of the liver pancreas, intestine - this all is clinically observed. The authors were the first in world practice to show the development of a hepatic blastomatous process in animals (albino rats, cats) with opisthorchiasis in 13%; cancer developed in 28 and 56% with the use of a hepatotropic carcinogen and combined (opisthorchiasis + a carcinogen) exposure, respectively. Throughout his life, a human being can easily catch these trematodes that have carcinogenic activity and these diseases concurrent with household and food carcinogens can give rise to tumors in the liver pancreas and intestine.

Self-assembling systems based on amphiphilic alkyltriphenylphosphonium bromides: elucidation of the role of head group.

A systematic study of the aggregation behavior of alkyltriphenylphosphonium bromides (TPPB-n; n=8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18; here n is the number of carbon atoms in alkyl groups) in aqueous solutions has been carried out and compared with trimethyl ammonium bromides (TMAB-n). Critical micelle concentrations (cmcs) of TPPB-n and TMAB-n decrease with the number of carbon atoms with the slope parameter of ca.0.