Sex-specific dementia risk in known or suspected obstructive sleep apnea: a 10-year longitudinal population-based study.

Study Objectives: To evaluate sex-specific associations between known or suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and dementia risk over 10 years among older women and men.

Methods: This study included 18 815 women and men age 50+ years (dementia-free at baseline) who participated in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative cohort of US adults. Presence of OSA was defined by self-reported diagnosis or key HRS items that correspond to elements of a validated OSA screening tool (STOP-Bang).

Maternal Lipids in Pregnancy and Later Life Dyslipidemia: The POUCHmoms Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Objective: Maternal lipid levels increase in normal pregnancies. Here, we examine whether pregnancies with the highest total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or triglyceride levels or the lowest high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels predict future dyslipidemia post-pregnancy.

Design: Longitudinal cohort study.

Oxytocin and women's health in midlife.

Menopause marks the cessation of fertility and the transition to post-reproductive years. Nearly 1 million US women experience menopause annually, but despite the significant impact it has on their physical and mental health, menopause has been insufficiently studied. Oxytocin is a neurohormone that regulates emotionality, social behaviors, and fundamental physiological systems.

Sleep health inequities in vulnerable populations: Beyond sleep deserts.

Despite the importance of sleep to overall health and well-being, there is a high prevalence of undiagnosed sleep disorders and adverse sleep health, particularly among vulnerable populations. Such vulnerable populations include people experiencing homelessness (PEH), refugees, and incarcerated individuals. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the literature on sleep health and disorders among key and vulnerable populations (e.

Patterns of Sleep Duration and Metabolic Biomarkers Across the Menstrual Cycle.

Context: Along the menstrual cycle, associations between inconsistent sleep duration and levels of metabolic biomarkers are uncertain and could involve fluctuations in estrogen concentrations.

Objective: To examine associations between patterns of sleep duration and metabolic biomarkers across two menstrual cycles within a cohort of premenopausal women.

Methods: The BioCycle Study was conducted in New York between 2005-2007, enrolling 259 premenopausal women over two menstrual cycles.

Addressing sleep deserts: A proposed call for action.

Sleep deserts are a major cause of health inequity. They occur primarily in disadvantaged neighborhoods because of structural racism, social and environmental factors, and dearth of medical services. We describe several strategies that can serve as a feasible action plan to target structural racism, environmental pollution, and impact of climate change.

Disparities in sleep-wake patterns by labor force status: Population-based findings.

Sleep disturbances have been associated with unemployment, but variation in sleep-wake patterns by labor force status has rarely been examined. With a population-based sample, we investigated differences in sleep-wake patterns by labor force status (, and ) and potential disparities by sociodemographic variables. The analysis included 130,602 adults aged 25-60 y, who participated in the American Time Use Survey between 2003 and 2019.

Delayed Sleep Midpoint Across Pregnancy Is Associated with Excessive Gestational Weight Gain.

Changes in sleep patterns and body weight occur during pregnancy, yet it is unclear whether sleep patterns are related to gestational weight gain (GWG). This study examined the relationship between maternal sleep across pregnancy and excessive GWG. Participants from the Michigan Archive for Research on Child Health (MARCH) cohort study, who had singleton births and provided information on fall-asleep and wake-up times during early (first or second) and the third trimesters, were included ( = 372).

Respiratory infection risk in positive airway pressure therapy users: a retrospective cohort study.

Study Objectives: Concerns regarding the risk of positive airway pressure (PAP)-associated respiratory infection (RI) have shaped consumer views toward PAP device use and maintenance. However, data regarding temporal associations between PAP use and risk for RIs are limited. The purpose of the present study was to examine longitudinal associations between PAP use and risk of clinically significant RIs in a cohort of patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Sleep Disparities Across Pregnancy: A Michigan Cohort Study.

Introduction: Poor sleep health during pregnancy is related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to identify sociodemographic characteristics associated with sleep health during pregnancy and to examine how they relate to changes in sleep during pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: Participants ( = 458) were from the Michigan Archive for Research on Child Health, which is a prospective pregnancy cohort.

Variability in Sleep Duration and Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease Across the Menstrual Cycle.

Variability in sleep duration and cardiovascular health have been infrequently investigated, particularly among reproductive-age women. We examined these associations across the menstrual cycle among a cohort of 250 healthy premenopausal women, aged 18-44 years. The BioCycle study (New York, 2005-2007) collected cardiovascular biomarkers (serum high- and low-density lipoprotein (HDL, LDL), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein (CRP)) at key time points along the menstrual cycle (follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases).

Sleep duration and timing are prospectively linked with insulin resistance during late adolescence.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether short sleep duration or later sleep timing is a risk factor for insulin resistance (IR) in late adolescence.

Methods: Mexico City adolescents enrolled in a longitudinal birth cohort (ELEMENT) took part in two study visits during peri-puberty that occurred approximately 2 years apart. IR was assessed with serum glucose and insulin.

The Interplay Among Natural Menopause, Insomnia, and Cognitive Health: A Population-Based Study.

Purpose: The interrelationships among age at menopause, sleep, and brain health have been insufficiently studied. This study sought to examine the influence of age at natural menopause and insomnia symptoms on long-term cognitive function among US women.

Patients And Methods: Our study included a nationally representative cohort of US adults age 50+ from the Health and Retirement Study (2008-2018).

Pathways between multiple sclerosis, sleep disorders, and cognitive function: Longitudinal findings from The Nurses' Health Study.

Background: The potential mediating and moderating effects of sleep disorders on cognitive outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) have been insufficiently studied.

Objectives: To determine direct and indirect longitudinal associations between sleep disorders and perceived cognitive dysfunction in women with MS.

Methods: The 2013 and 2017 waves of the Nurses' Health Study ( = 63,866) were utilized.

The Impact of Sustained Ownership of a Pet on Cognitive Health: A Population-Based Study.

To examine associations between sustained ownership of a pet and cognitive outcomes among a national sample of U.S. adults.

Gender identity and transition: relationships with sleep disorders in US youth.

Study Objectives: Transgender or gender-nonconforming (TGNC) identity is associated with higher burden of sleep disorders relative to cisgender identity. However, the role of gender-affirming therapy (GAT) in sleep disorders is poorly understood. This study examined relationships between TGNC identity, transition, and sleep disorders among TGNC and cisgender youth.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: The effects of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection on clinical outcomes, including relapse risk, have been insufficiently explored in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of new neurologic symptoms or symptom recrudescence among PwMS who received the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, characterize outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and assess MS-specific determinants of vaccine hesitancy.

Methods: Online surveys that assessed incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination status/type, reasons for vaccine deferral, and postvaccination symptoms were administered to PwMS.

Racial/ethnic disparities in subjective sleep duration, sleep quality, and sleep disturbances during pregnancy: an ECHO study.

In the United States, racial/ethnic minoritized groups experience worse sleep than non-Hispanic Whites (nHW), but less is known about pregnant people. This is a key consideration since poor sleep during pregnancy is common and associated with increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. This study reports the prevalence of subjective sleep measures in a multi-racial/ethnic pregnant population from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program.

Positive Airway Pressure and Cognitive Disorders in Adults With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background And Objectives: Alzheimer disease (AD) and other forms of dementia represent a rising global public health crisis. Because effective treatments to prevent, cure, or slow progression of dementia are unavailable, identification of treatable risk factors that increase dementia risk such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) could offer promising means to modify dementia occurrence or severity. Here, we systematically reviewed the impact of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy on the incidence of cognitive disorders and cognitive decline among middle-aged and older adults with OSA.

Risk of obstructive sleep apnea after treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a cross-sectional study.

Study Objectives: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) or its treatment may be associated with an increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, reported relationships between OSA risk factors and HNSCC are inconsistent. This study examined associations between tumor variables and risk of OSA at least 1 year after completion of treatment for HNSCC.

The association between obstructive sleep apnea risk and cognitive disorders: a population-based study.

Study Objectives: To examine the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk and cognitive disorders among US adults.

Methods: Data from the 2016 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) were utilized. Probable OSA cases were identified with survey items that resembled critical elements of a clinically validated OSA screen (STOP-Bang questionnaire).

Associations between bedtime eating or drinking, sleep duration and wake after sleep onset: findings from the American time use survey.

Sleep hygiene recommendations discourage eating before bedtime; however, the impact of mealtime on sleep has been inconsistent. We examined gender-stratified associations between eating or drinking <1, <2 and <3 h before bedtime, sleep duration and wake after sleep onset (WASO >30 min). This study utilised 2003-2018 data from the American Time Use Survey, a nationally representative sample of USA residents aged ≥15 years.

Objective sleep duration and timing predicts completion of in vitro fertilization cycle.

Purpose: To examine associations between objectively measured sleep duration and sleep timing with odds of completion of an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle.

Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 48 women undergoing IVF at a large tertiary medical center between 2015 and 2017. Sleep was assessed by wrist-worn actigraphy, 1-2 weeks prior to initiation of the IVF cycle.