Development of a healthcare system COVID Hotspotting Score in California: an observational study with prospective validation.

Objective: To examine the value of health systems data as indicators of emerging COVID-19 activity.

Design: Observational study of health system indicators for the COVID Hotspotting Score (CHOTS) with prospective validation.

Setting And Participants: An integrated healthcare delivery system in Northern California including 21 hospitals and 4.

A successful program preventing nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia in a large hospital system.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a program to presvent hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).

Design: Prospective, observational, surveillance program to identify HAP before and after 7 interventions. An order set automatically triggered in programmatically identified high-risk patients.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery to Change Process Measures and Reduce Opioid Use After Cesarean Delivery: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Objective: To evaluate implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program for patients undergoing elective cesarean delivery by comparing opioid exposure, multimodal analgesia use, and other process and outcome measures before and after implementation.

Methods: An ERAS program was implemented among patients undergoing elective cesarean delivery in a large integrated health care delivery system. We conducted a pre-post study of ERAS implementation to compare changes in process and outcome measures during the 12 months before and 12 months after implementation.

Composition or Context: Using Transportability to Understand Drivers of Site Differences in a Large-scale Housing Experiment.

Background: The Moving To Opportunity (MTO) experiment manipulated neighborhood context by randomly assigning housing vouchers to volunteers living in public housing to use to move to lower poverty neighborhoods in five US cities. This random assignment overcomes confounding limitations that challenge other neighborhood studies. However, differences in MTO's effects across the five cities have been largely ignored.

In-State and Interstate Associations Between Gun Shows and Firearm Deaths and Injuries: A Quasi-experimental Study.

Background: Gun shows are an important source of firearms, but no adequately powered studies have examined whether they are associated with increases in firearm injuries.

Objective: To determine whether gun shows are associated with short-term increases in local firearm injuries and whether this association differs by the state in which the gun show is held.

Design: Quasi-experimental.

Living in Violent Neighbourhoods is Associated with Gestational Weight Gain Outside the Recommended Range.

Background: During pregnancy, most women do not meet gestational weight gain (GWG) guidelines, potentially resulting in adverse maternal and infant health consequences. Social environment determinants of GWG have been identified, but evidence on the relationship between neighbourhood violence and GWG is scant. Our study aims to examine the relationship between neighbourhood violence and GWG outside the recommended range.

Psychometric Attributes of the DISC Predictive Scales.

Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate the psychometric attributes and screening efficiency of a Spanish version of the Children Predictive Scales (DPS) against the Spanish Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV).

Method: This pilot cross-sectional study included 61 children aged 9 to 14 years in a mainstream school. The following psychometric attributes were analyzed: acceptability, scale assumptions, internal consistency, and precision, as well the predictive validity (AUC).

Fast decision in favor of the slow fission process.

The fission probability P(f) of highly excited targetlike nuclei produced in reactions of 2.5 GeV protons on Au, Bi, and U was studied as a function of excitation energy E* whereby E* is deduced eventwise from the multiplicity of evaporated light particles. At the highest E* of 1000 MeV P(f) amounts to approximately 30% with all 3 target nuclei irrespective of the initial fissility.

Synthesis and adsorption of a poly(N-acetylethyleneimine)-polyethyleneoxide-poly (N-acetylethyleneimine) triblock-copolymer at a silica/solution interface. Influence of its preadsorption on platelet adhesion and fibrinogen adsorption.

The synthesis of a triblock copolymer poly-(N-acetylethyleneimine)-polyethylenoxide-poly(N-acet ylethyleneimine) includes two successive steps: the first is the functionalization of a poly(ethyleneglycol) precursor by creating sulfonic esters at its chain ends, the second uses these esters to initiate the cationic polymerization of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline. Homopolymers appear in the raw product; hence successive selective extractions of the copolymer with benzene and dioxane are necessary. The final yield in pure copolymer was 11%.

Preadsorption of polymers on glass and silica to reduce fibrinogen adsorption.

Glass and silica beads were precoated with various polymers to obtain steric exclusion chromatography (SEC) supports which are nonadsorbant for hydrophilic macromolecules. The efficiency of this treatment was estimated by subsequent radiolabeled fibrinogen adsorption. The result obtained with a block copolymer was better than with various hydrophilic homopolymers.