[The prevalence of mutations underlying development of Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics in Kazan].

Background: One of the reasons for the decrease of eradication effectiveness is its resistance to antibiotics.

Aim: To examine the prevalence of point mutations responsible for clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistance among the patients with upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorders in Kazan.

Materials And Methods: The study included 203 patients with symptoms of dyspepsia who underwent upper GI endoscopy at the University Hospital of Kazan Federal University (Kazan, Russia) in 2019-2021.

Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy launch with remote telemedicine international proctorship.

Background: COVID-19 limitations have hindered the implementation of new technologies by preventing proctors from coming to the site. We share our first experience of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) treatment with an international remote online proctorship, and develop and evaluate the methodology of remote MRgFUS proctorship.

Methods: This single-center, nonrandomized controlled prospective study included 94 patients: 27 with essential tremor (ET) and 67 with tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease (PD).

[Hypothalamic hamartoma dissection using focused ultrasound under MRI control. The first successful experience in Russia].

Treatment of motor disorders by MRI-guided focused ultrasound is an alternative to neuro- and radiosurgery such as stereotactic radiofrequency ablation and thalamotomy with a gamma knife. However, safety, efficacy and feasibility of this technology for intracranial neoplasms are still unclear. The authors report successful hypothalamic hamartoma dissection by MRI-guided focused ultrasound in a 32-year-old woman with drug-resistant gelastic epilepsy and violent laughter and crying attacks.

[Experience of staged and simultaneous bilateral thalamotomy using MR-guided focused ultrasound in the treatment of essential tremor].

Objective: To show that effective and safe bilateral MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) treatment of essential tremor (ET) is achievable.

Material And Methods: Four male patients underwent bilateral thalamotomy. Two patients underwent staged thalamotomy, with the ≥12 month interval between operations.

Photoinduced assembly of the 3,4,4a,7a-tetrahydro-1-cyclopenta[]pyridine-2,7-dione core on the basis of allomaltol derivatives.

A novel photochemical method for the construction of previously unknown substituted 4a,7a-dihydroxy-5-methyl-3,4,4a,7a-tetrahydro-1-cyclopenta[]pyridine-2,7-diones based on readily available allomaltol derivatives containing an amide group was established. The proposed approach includes the photoinduced contraction of an allomaltol ring and the subsequent intramolecular cyclization of an unstable α-hydroxy-1,2-diketone intermediate. For the first time we have shown the use of a side chain amide function as a trapping element for the final cyclization of photogenerated α-hydroxy-1,2-diketones.

Molecular Docking and Preclinical Study of Five-Membered S,S-Palladaheterocycle as Hepatoprotective Agent.

In order to investigate mechanisms underlying the hepatoprotective action of S,Spalladaheterocycle, inhibition of cytochromes P450 has been modeled by molecular docking of four palladaheterocycle stereoisomers to the active sites of an enzymatic oxidase system. To obtain a deeper insight into biochemical aspects providing a basis for the therapeutic effects of five-membered palladacycles (as mixture of stereoisomers), a number of preclinical trials has been conducted 2D and 3D structures of palladaheterocycle stereoisomers were obtained via converting into SDF files by means of software MarvinSketch. Binding of palladaheterocycle at the active sites of cytochromes P450 2E1 and P450 2C9 has been studied by molecular docking using LeadIT 2.

Synthesis of (Isoxazol-4-Ylmethylsulfanyl)Alkanes and Some Metal Complexes as a Hepatoprotective Agents.

This research is devoted to designing the synthesis of sulfanyl-substituted 3,5-dimethylisoxazoles, which contain structural analogues of the SAM drug in the molecule. SAM (S-adenosyl-L-methionine), formed in the biosynthetic process, is used as an effective hepatoprotective drug. Complexation and hepatoprotective properties of the combinatorial series of bis(isoxazolylsulfanyl)ethane have been studied.

Artificial intelligence: Neural network model as the multidisciplinary team member in clinical decision support to avoid medical mistakes.

Objective: The continuous uninterrupted feedback system is the essential part of any well-organized system. We propose aLYNX concept that is a possibility to use an artificial intelligence algorithm or a neural network model in decision-making system so as to avoid possible mistakes and to remind the doctors to review tactics once more in selected cases.

Method: aLYNX system includes: registry with significant factors, decisions and results; machine learning process based on this registry data; the use of the machine learning results as the adviser.

[Structure and dynamics of occupational morbidity in Bashkortostan Republic].

The authors represent data on analysis of dinamics and structure of occupational incidence in Bashkortostan Republic, according to archive documents of Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, on occupational morbidity dynamics over 2008-2014, on its regional peculiarities.

[GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DEVELOPMENT OF TOXIC HEPATITIS].

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of polymorphic variants of genes CYP2E1 and GSTA1 in patients with pathology of the hepatobiliary system (PHS) and healthy individuals in the Republic of Bashkortostan, as well as an analysis of possible associations of genotypes of this gene with the development of PHS.

Materials And Methods: There were examined 81 patients with pathology of the hepatobiliary system. Was studied association analysis of polymorphic loci of genes CYP2E1 and GSTA1.

[The use of the antioxidant drink by healthy workers exposed to chemical factors].

In chemical manufacturing along with alimentary factors, workers are exposed to occupational hazards resulting in reduced antitoxic protective properties of the organism. The purpose of the present work was to develop a preventive method for reducing antitoxic functions of the body of healthy workers exposed to chemical factors. We have produced the drink containing carrot juice, honey, olive oil.

Neurosurgical training programme in selected European countries: from the young neurosurgeons' point of view.

Aim: In this paper we discuss the Neurosurgical Training Programme (NTP) in some European countries.

Material And Methods: Although there is no official data on how many neurosurgeons are certified in Europe, our calculation shows that this number is somewhat lower than in the United States of America and even 3 times lower than in Japan (per 100.000 population).

[Cases of nickel carbonyl acute poisoning at major petrochemical enterprises].

Follow-up of patients with nickel carbonyl acute poisoning varying in severity revealed a pathologic trend--functional and organic disorders of nervous system with asthenic vegetative, asthenic organic dysfunctions, toxic encephalopathy, bronchopulmonary diseases (toxic bronchitis with subsequent pneumosclerosis), toxic myocardium dystrophy, hepatobiliary system affection--toxic hepatopathy.

[Molecular genetic analysis of the interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha gene polymorphisms in multiple myeloma].

The-174G alpha-->C polymorphism of the interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene promoter and the-308G alpha-->A polymorphism of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) gene promoter were tested for association with multiple myeloma (MM) varying in severity. Of 69 patients, 19 had aggressive MM, 26 had benign MM, and 24 had unidentified MM. The control group (N = 102) matched the test group in age and sex composition.

[The clinico-morphological characteristics of the annular form of iridociliary neoplasms].

The authors present the results of clinical and morphologic analysis of 10 cases with annular iridociliary tumors that occurred within the latest decade. The incidence of this tumor among other intraocular tumors has been 3.7%, that among iridocialiary tumors, 42.

[Pathological mineralization in retinoblastoma].

Calcium phosphate, fluoroapatine mineral, Ca5(PO4)3F, characterized by a strong reflex in interplanar distance d = 2.789 A, were identified in the tissue of retinoblastoma by x-ray destructive analysis. The strong reflex intensity and the respective fluoroapatite level in the tumor are the higher, the more malignant the tumor is.

[Clinico-morphological characteristics of developmental defects of the eye].

Analysis of the records of the ophthalmologic pathoanatomic laboratory of the Kazakh Research Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases has shown that the incidence of developmental abnormalities due to disorders in the embryonal period and organogenesis have made up 3.7 percent of the total number of ocular tumors and 6.0 percent of benign tumors over the past 34 years.

[Malherbe's necrotizing epithelioma of the eyelid with malignant degeneration].

Analysis of 30 cases of Malherbe's necrotizing epithelioma evidences that this tumor is not at all rare and that signs of malignant degeneration may be detected in it. Rapid growth of this tumor early makes it a discomfort for the patient and may even result in impairment of the visual function. Therefore only early removal of the tumor is a guarantee against such troubles, malignant degeneration included.