Late orbital radiotherapy combined with intravenous methylprednisolone in the management of long-lasting active graves' orbitopathy: a case report and literature review.

Purpose: To present a case and review the literature on Orbital Radiotherapy (OR) combined with intravenous methylprednisolone, focusing on its late application in patients with long-lasting active Graves' Orbitopathy (GO). Additionally, we suggest emerging perspective for future research in this context.

Method: Relevant literature (randomized controlled studies, retrospective studies and reviews) was explored on PubMed from January 1973 to January 2024, searching "orbital radiotherapy" & "Graves disease".

Temporomandibular joint involvement in psoriatic arthritis: a prospective clinical and ultrasonographic study.

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a monocentric cohort of patients affected by psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and to investigate the accuracy of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ultrasound (US) compared with clinical evaluation and clinimetric composite index in assessing TMJ involvement.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with PsA who underwent at least one TMJ US examination and maxillofacial surgeon's evaluation between 2018 and 2021. The rheumatology physician's interpretation of each TMJ US exam (presence/absence of TMD) was compared with psoriatic arthritis disease activity indexes and maxillofacial surgeon's clinical judgement (presence/absence of TMD signs and/or symptoms).

The Role of Ultrasound in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: An Update and Future Perspectives.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder is the second most common chronic pain condition affecting the general population after back pain. It encompasses a complex set of conditions, manifesting with jaw pain and limitation in mouth opening, influencing chewing, eating, speaking, and facial expression. TMJ dysfunction could be related to mechanical abnormalities or underlying inflammatory arthropathies, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Effectiveness of orbital decompression for endocrine orbitopathy and impact on quality of life: A retrospective study.

To evaluate the effectiveness of orbital decompression intervention in terms of variation of the exophthalmos and to highlight its association with changes in quality of life before and after surgery. Medical records of patients with moderate-severe GO who underwent orbital decompression surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical parameters, including demographic characteristics, surgical technique, exophthalmos values, and QoL using the GO-QoL questionnaire were studied before and after orbital decompression and analyzed.

Unilateral Sinus Disease: Not Just Odontogenic! - A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Unilateral sinus disease (USD), and especially unilateral maxillary sinusitis (UMS), is an increasingly common finding in the ear, nose, and throat and maxillofacial practice. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe the clinical features of a series of patients affected by USD and, in particular, UMS due to sinonasal anatomic anomalies and of odontogenic origin.

Materials And Methods: A total of 292 patients affected by UMS were reviewed.

TUSC (TUrbinate Surgery Classification): A Novel Classification Proposal for Turbinate Surgery.

Aim of this manuscript is to propose a clear and easily applicable classification for turbinate surgery, based on the use of a numerical model, which could be introduced in the practice of Otolaryngologists and Maxillo-Facial surgeons.Applying this classification, it will be possible to offer an easy format when describing which turbinates are involved in a procedure, and to offer a quick method to record and analyse clinical data, also for scientific purpose.

Mandibular Condyle Osteoma.

Background: Osteoma is a benign tumor composed of both cortical and cancellous bones that increase in size with continuous formation of bone. The pathogenesis is unknown. Osteomas can cause symptoms depending on their location and size.

Transnasal Endoscopic Approach for the Treatment of Medial Orbital Wall Fractures.

The aim of this study is to report a case series of blowout fractures of the medial orbital wall that were treated endoscopically. Isolated fractures of the medial orbital wall are uncommon and can be asymptomatic. Various surgical methods for repairing medial orbital wall fractures have been described.

Orbital Fractures in Childhood.

Pediatric orbital floor fractures exhibit distinctive features that distinguish them from orbital injuries seen in the adult population. This is mainly due to different anatomy and mechanical properties of the orbital bones in children. The management of pediatric orbital floor fractures requires consideration of these factors, including the age of the patient and therefore child's growth potential, using, if possible, a minimally invasive surgical approach.

The arrhinias: Proboscis lateralis literature review and surgical update.

Proboscis lateralis (PL) is a rare malformation, reported for the first time in 1861 by Forster in his monograph on congenital malformations of the human body. The abnormal side of the nose is represented by a tube-like rudimentary nasal structure, attached at any point along the embryonic fusion line between the anterior maxilla and the frontonasal processes. As clefts of the lip (and alveolus) are bilateral or unilateral, an arrhinia can be bilateral (total) or unilateral.

Novel design of miniplate for fixation of fractures at transition zone of parasymphysis-body region of mandible - A clinical randomised study.

Fractures through the mandible at the level of the parasymphysis extending obliquely and traversing through the transitional zone to body region are relatively common. Therefore, a surgeon should have an appropriate understanding of the biomechanics of different plating techniques to fix these fractures. There is always a dilemma for the surgeon as to whether to fix these mandibular segments with one or two miniplates, and the presence of mental neurovascular bundle makes it more challenging.

Autologous Fat Transfer for Facial Augmentation: Surgery and Regeneration.

Autologous fat transfer (AFT) is a well-established and safe surgical technique in which autologous fat tissue is injected at a defective site directly after its harvesting and centrifugation. Initially used as an excellent filler for facial enhancement and rejuvenation, AFT has evolved over the years into more complex reconstructive procedures. Autologous fat transfer is now additionally used for correcting and restoring cranial and maxillofacial volume defects resulting from traumas, tumors, or congenital disorders.

Posttraumatic Glabellar Mucocele: Case Report.

Mucoceles are benign, expansile cystic masses covered by respiratory epithelium filled with mucus secreted by goblet cells interspersed in the ciliated mucosa. Mucoceles result from the accumulation and retention of the products of secretion, desquamation, and inflammation in cases where the drainage is obstructed. We present a case of a nasal mucocele that developed in a 50-year-old man, possibly related to a craniofacial trauma that had occurred 24 years earlier.

An in-vitro evaluation of a novel design of miniplate for fixation of fracture segments in the transition zone of parasymphysis-body region of mandible using finite element analysis.

The mandibular parasymphysis and body regions are highly dynamic areas. They are constantly subjected to both occlusal and muscular forces. Fractures at this transition zone of the parasymphysis and body region thus represent a special pattern that creates a dilemma for the surgeons - whether to use one miniplate fixation or two miniplates as per Champy's guidelines.

Craniomaxillofacial Fibrous Dysplasia: Conservative Treatment and Maxillary Osteotomy Using the Schuchardt-Kufner Technique.

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a disturbance of the mesenchymal tissue that accounts for 2.5% of all bone tumors and more than 7% of nonmalignant bone tumors. In the craniomaxillofacial region, FD affects the calvaria, skull base, zygoma, and jaws, the prevalent site being the maxilla (50% of cases).

Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis After Early Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis: A New Syndrome?

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) has been one of the most innovative concepts in cranio-maxillofacial syndromology and surgery over the last 25 years.Early mandibular distraction in severe micrognathia has recently been recognized as an effective treatment option to safely relieve upper airway obstruction associated with mandibular deficiency.An increased incidence in temporomandibular joint complications during DO in neonates has recently been reported, especially in syndromic patients.

Piezosurgery: A new and safe technique for distraction osteogenesis in Pierre Robin sequence review of the literature and case report.

Introduction: Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is characterized by microgenia and retrognathia. Cleft palate and glossoptosis are frequently associated with airway obstruction and difficulty in swallowing. Distraction osteogenesis with micro-distractors has recently been considered as a surgical option during the neonatal age.

Selective augmentation of stem cell populations in structural fat grafts for maxillofacial surgery.

Structural fat grafting utilizes the centrifugation of liposuction aspirates to create a graded density of adipose tissue. This study was performed to qualitatively investigate the effects of centrifugation on stem cells present in adipose tissue. Liposuction aspirates were obtained from healthy donors and either not centrifuged or centrifuged at 1,800 rpm for 3 minutes.

Management of temporomandibular joint reankylosis in syndromic patients corrected with joint prostheses: surgical and rehabilitation protocols.

Temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) is a severe disorder described as an intracapsular union of the disc-condyle complex to the temporal articular surface with bony fusion. The management of this disability is challenging and rarely based on surgical and rehabilitation protocols. We describe the treatment in two young adults affected by Goldenhar syndrome and Pierre Robin sequence with reankylosis after previous surgical treatments.

Three-dimensional volumetric restoration by structural fat grafting.

The use of adipose tissue transfer for correction of maxillofacial defects was reported for the first time at the end of the 19th century. Structural fat grafting (SFG) was introduced as a way to improve facial esthetics and in recent years has evolved into applications in craniomaxillofacial reconstructive surgery. Several techniques have been proposed for harvesting and grafting the fat.

Craniofacial surgical strategies for the correction of pneumosinus dilatans frontalis.

Introduction: Pneumosinus dilatans is a rare condition and different techniques have been proposed for its management and correction. The abnormally expanded, aerated frontal sinus has been described in the literature as: frontal sinus hypertrophy, pneumosinus dilatans, pneumosinus frontalis, aerocele, pneumocele, sinus ectasia, hyperpneumatization and others. The precise aetiology and pathogenesis of the condition is unknown, although several basic hypotheses have been proposed

Material And Methods: The authors report two cases of frontal bossing and supraorbital ridge deformity correction using craniofacial surgical principles.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis of the temporomandibular joint.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a benign lesion of unclear etiology involving the synovial membranes of joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths. Its occurrence in the temporomandibular joint is particularly rare. Despite its benign nature, pigmented villonodular synovitis is described as being locally destructive to the surrounding structures.

Surgical decompression in endocrine orbitopathy. Visual evoked potential evaluation and effect on the optic nerve.

Endocrine orbitopathy (EO) represents the most frequent and important extrathyroidal stigma of Graves disease. This chronic autoimmune condition involves the orbital contents, including extraocular muscles, periorbital connective-fatty tissue and lacrimal gland. The increase of fat tissue and the enlargement of extraocular muscles within the bony confines of the orbit leads to proptosis, and in the most severe cases optic neuropathy, caused by compression and stretching of the optic nerve.

Endocrine orbitopathy: 11 years retrospective study and review of 102 patients & 196 orbits.

Background: Endocrine Orbitopathy (EO) is the most frequent and important extrathyroidal stigma of Graves' disease. In the active stage of the orbitopathy fibrosis and hypertrophy of the extra-ocular muscles can lead to visual impairment and diplopia. In the stable phase of the disease surgical treatment by orbital expansion and/or orbital decompression can improve the quality of life and it is indicated for morpho-aesthetic and functional reasons.

Structural fat grafting: facial volumetric restoration in complex reconstructive surgery.

Background: The authors overview the application of structural fat grafting (SFG) in the management of volumetric deficit in the maxillofacial area. Structural fat grafting was introduced as a way to improve facial aesthetics and in recent years has evolved into applications in craniomaxillofacial reconstructive surgery.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study population was composed of patients grafted with autologous fat referred to our department from February 2005 to July 2009.