Assessment of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS™) with modification of the management recommendations for pediatric thyroid nodules.

Background: Thyroid nodules are unusual in children, but when present, they carry a higher risk for malignancy, as compared to adults. Several guidelines have been created to address the risk stratification for malignancy of thyroid nodules in adults, but none has been completely validated in children. A few authors have proposed lowering the size threshold to the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS™) management guidelines to decrease missed carcinomas at presentation in children; however, little information is known regarding their accuracy.

Clinical and Radiological Correlation of Low Flow Vascular Malformation Treated With Percutaneous Sclerotherapy.

To retrospectively correlate imaging findings post-sclerotherapy of low-flow vascular malformations with clinical outcome. We retrospectively evaluated 81 pediatric patients who had sclerotherapy in our department over a 14-year period. Patients with a diagnosis of low-flow vascular malformation, pre and post-treatment ultrasound (US) and clinical follow-up evaluation were included in the study.

The utility of post-biopsy ultrasonography in detecting complications after percutaneous liver biopsy in children.

Background: Surveillance post image-guided percutaneous liver biopsy in children is variable.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the value of 4-6-h post-procedure ultrasonography (US) in detecting post-liver-biopsy hemorrhage.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included pediatric patients who underwent US-guided percutaneous liver biopsies.

Intraperitoneal hemorrhage in neonate with multifocal hepatic hemangiomas.

We describe a case of a 5-day-old male who presented with severe hemoperitoneum due to rupture of one of multiple hepatic hemangiomas, necessitating urgent embolization. Hepatic hemangiomas are common in the pediatric age group. The multifocal type typically presents shortly after birth, and have not been reported to bleed.

Soft Tissue Lesions With High Vascular Density on Sonography in Pediatric Patients: Beyond Hemangiomas [Formula: see text].

Infantile hemangiomas are the most frequent vascular soft tissue lumps in the pediatric population. The clinical presentation and evolution of these lesions is characteristic, while the sonographic appearance is classic but not specific. This pictorial essay illustrates the different vascular soft tissue lumps on ultrasound that may mimic infantile hemangiomas.

Non-visualization of the ovaries on pediatric transabdominal ultrasound with a non-distended bladder: Can adnexal torsion be excluded?

Background: The pediatric reproductive organs are optimally imaged with a full bladder. The filling of the bladder, however, often leads to significant delay in diagnosis and can subject the patient to invasive bladder catheterization. As the key imaging feature in ovarian torsion is unilateral ovarian enlargement, we suspected that a torsed ovary is large enough to be visualized even if the bladder is not well distended.

Clinical delineation of GTPBP2-associated neuro-ectodermal syndrome: Report of two new families and review of the literature.

The GTPBP2 gene encodes a guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein of unknown function. Biallelic loss-of-function variants in the GTPBP2 gene have been previously reported in association with a neuro-ectodermal clinical presentation in six individuals from four unrelated families. Here, we provide detailed descriptions of three additional individuals from two unrelated families in the context of the previous literature.

Phosphoserine aminotransferase deficiency: imaging findings in a child with congenital microcephaly.

Serine deficiency disorders can result from deficiency in one of three enzymes. Deficiency of the second enzyme, 3-phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT), has been reported in two siblings; the eldest investigated for acquired microcephaly, spasticity and epilepsy. Our patient had neurological symptoms at birth.

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient of the Placenta in Twin versus Singleton Pregnancies.

Unlabelled: Previous studies in singleton pregnancies reported conflicting trends in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values with gestational age (GA) and stable relative ADC (rADC; ADC placenta divided by ADC globe) throughout pregnancy. The purpose of our study was to compare the ADC and rADC of placentas of twin and singleton pregnancies.

Materials And Methods: Fetal MRI of 11 twin and 23 singleton pregnancies were retrospectively analyzed.

Synovial osteochondromatosis in a 14-year-old boy with a history of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.

We describe a case of a 14-year-old boy with a history of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease diagnosed at the age of 6 years and development of synovial osteochondromatosis of the same hip joint 7 years later. Synovial osteochondromatosis is very rare in children, and to the best of our knowledge, only a single case of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease and secondary synovial osteochondromatosis was described in the literature in a 35-year-old male, making this the first reported case of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease with development of synovial osteochondromatosis in a pediatric patient.