Convergent and environmentally associated chromatic polymorphism in Bryconops Kner, 1858 (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Iguanodectidae).

Bryconops Kner, 1858, includes two well defined subgenera based on morphological evidence, with each containing at least one species (B. (Bryconops) caudomaculatus and B. (Creatochanes) melanurus) with a very wide distribution, within which regional populations present color variations.

Expanded access to multiple sclerosis teleneurology care following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Teleneurology for multiple sclerosis (MS) care was considered feasible, but utilization was limited.

Objective: To describe how the existing teleneurology populations at two academic MS Centers changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we captured all in-person and teleneurology visits at two academic MS Centers between January 2019 and April 2020.

Design and optimisation of dendrimer-conjugated Bcl-2/x inhibitor, AZD0466, with improved therapeutic index for cancer therapy.

Dual Bcl-2/Bcl-x inhibitors are expected to deliver therapeutic benefit in many haematological and solid malignancies, however, their use is limited by tolerability issues. AZD4320, a potent dual Bcl-2/Bcl-x inhibitor, has shown good efficacy however had dose limiting cardiovascular toxicity in preclinical species, coupled with challenging physicochemical properties, which prevented its clinical development. Here, we describe the design and development of AZD0466, a drug-dendrimer conjugate, where AZD4320 is chemically conjugated to a PEGylated poly-lysine dendrimer.

Revisiting the phylogeny of the genus Lolliguncula Steenstrup 1881 improves understanding of their biogeography and proves the validity of Lolliguncula argus Brakoniecki & Roper, 1985.

The biogeography of American loliginid squids has been improved in recent years, but certain key taxa have been missing. Given that the most accurate phylogenies and estimates of divergence times of common ancestors depend heavily on good taxonomic coverage we have reanalyzed the genus Lolliguncula in light of new samples that increase the geographic and taxonomic coverage. New sequences were produced using standard methods to update an existing dataset for COI, 16S and Rhodopsin markers.

Technology-enabled assessments to enhance multiple sclerosis clinical care and research.

Background: Comprehensive and efficient assessments are necessary for clinical care and research in chronic diseases. Our objective was to assess the implementation of a technology-enabled tool in MS practice.

Method: We analyzed prospectively collected longitudinal data from routine multiple sclerosis (MS) visits between September 2015 and May 2018.

Cherenkov detector analysis for implosions with multiple nuclear reactions.

Nuclear reactions that produce rays occur in inertial fusion implosions and are commonly measured with Cherenkov detectors. Typically a detector is primarily sensitive to a single reaction, but in some implosions, multiple fusion reactions can occur and are combined in the data. We discuss an analysis technique using multiple thresholded detectors to reproduce the individual burn histories from reactions like DT and HT fusion, which is applicable to separated-reactant mix experiments.

Progress on next generation gamma-ray Cherenkov detectors for the National Ignition Facility.

Fusion reaction history and ablator areal density measurements for Inertial Confinement Fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility are currently conducted using the Gamma Reaction History diagnostic (GRH_6m). Future Gas Cherenkov Detectors (GCDs) will ultimately provide ∼100x more sensitivity, reduce the effective temporal response from ∼100 to ∼10 ps, and lower the energy threshold from 2.9 to 1.

Pulse dilation gas Cherenkov detector for ultra-fast gamma reaction history at the NIF (invited).

The Cherenkov mechanism used in Gas Cherenkov Detectors (GCDs) is exceptionally fast. However, the temporal resolution of GCDs, such as the Gamma Reaction History diagnostic at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), has been limited by the current state-of-the-art photomultiplier tube technology to ∼100 ps. The soon-to-be deployed Pulse Dilation Photomultiplier Tube (PD-PMT) at NIF will allow for temporal resolution comparable to that of the gas cell or ∼10 ps.

Development of an ultra-fast photomultiplier tube for gamma-ray Cherenkov detectors at the National Ignition Facility (PD-PMT).

A new ultra-fast photomultiplier tube and associated drivers have been developed for use in the next generation of gamma-ray high pressure gas Cherenkov detectors for inertial confinement fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility. Pulse-dilation technology has been applied to a standard micro-channel-plate-based photomultiplier tube to improve the temporal response by about 10×. The tube has been packaged suitably for deployment on the National Ignition Facility, and remote electronics have been designed to deliver the required non-linear waveforms to the pulse dilation electrode.

First measurements of remaining shell areal density on the OMEGA laser using the Diagnostic for Areal Density (DAD).

A glass Cherenkov detector, called the Diagnostic for Areal Density (DAD), has been built and implemented at the OMEGA laser facility for measuring fusion gammas above 430 keV, from which remaining shell ⟨⟩ can be determined. A proof-of-principle experiment is discussed, where signals from a surrogate gas Cherenkov detector are compared with reported values from the wedge range filter and charged particle spectrometer and found to correlate strongly. The design of the more compact port-based DAD diagnostic and results from the commissioning shots are then presented.

Factors Associated with Sexual Dysfunction in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Assessment and Treatment.

Background: Sexual dysfunction is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) that often goes unreported by both the patient and the clinician. Sexual dysfunction can affect a person's mood, relationships, daily functioning, and quality of life. Gaining a better understanding of the prevalence and nature of sexual dysfunction in individuals with MS would not only help identify patients with this problem but also determine contributing factors, which can inform treatment alternatives available to the patient.

Diffusion-dominated mixing in moderate convergence implosions.

High-Z material mixed into the fuel degrades inertial fusion implosions and can prevent ignition. Mix is often assumed to be dominated by hydrodynamic instabilities, but we report Omega data, using shells with ∼150nm deuterated layers to gain unprecedented resolution, which give strong evidence that the dominant mix mechanism is diffusion for these moderate temperature (≲6 keV) and convergence (∼12) implosions. Small-scale instability-driven or turbulent mix is negligible.

Characterisation of a sub-20 ps temporal resolution pulse dilation photomultiplier tube.

A pulse-dilation photomultiplier tube (PD-PMT) with sub-20 ps temporal resolution has been developed for use with γ-ray-sensitive gas Cherenkov detectors at the National Ignition Facility to improve the diagnosis of nuclear fusion burn history and the areal density of the remaining capsule ablator. The pulse-dilation mechanism entails the application of a time-dependent, ramp waveform to a photocathode-mesh structure, introducing a time-dependent photoelectron accelerating potential. The electric field imparts axial velocity dispersion to outgoing photoelectrons.

The extreme light infrastructure-nuclear physics (ELI-NP) facility: new horizons in physics with 10 PW ultra-intense lasers and 20 MeV brilliant gamma beams.

The European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) has selected in 2006 a proposal based on ultra-intense laser fields with intensities reaching up to 10-10 W cm called 'ELI' for Extreme Light Infrastructure. The construction of a large-scale laser-centred, distributed pan-European research infrastructure, involving beyond the state-of-the-art ultra-short and ultra-intense laser technologies, received the approval for funding in 2011-2012. The three pillars of the ELI facility are being built in Czech Republic, Hungary and Romania.

Observation of the Isovector Giant Monopole Resonance via the ^{28}Si(^{10}Be,^{10}B^{*}[1.74 MeV]) Reaction at 100 AMeV.

The (^{10}Be,^{10}B^{*}[1.74  MeV]) charge-exchange reaction at 100  AMeV is presented as a new probe for isolating the isovector (ΔT=1) nonspin-transfer (ΔS=0) response of nuclei, with ^{28}Si being the first nucleus studied. By using a secondary ^{10}Be beam produced by fast fragmentation of ^{18}O nuclei at the NSCL Coupled Cyclotron Facility, applying the dispersion-matching technique with the S800 magnetic spectrometer to determine the excitation energy in ^{28}Al, and performing high-resolution γ-ray tracking with the Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking In-beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA) to identify the 1022-keV γ ray associated with the decay from the 1.

Next generation gamma-ray Cherenkov detectors for the National Ignition Facility.

The newest generation of Gas Cherenkov Detector (GCD-3) employed in Inertial Confinement Fusion experiments at the Omega Laser Facility has provided improved performance over previous generations. Comparison of reaction histories measured using two different deuterium-tritium fusion products, namely gamma rays using GCD and neutrons using Neutron Temporal Diagnostic (NTD), have provided added credibility to both techniques. GCD-3 is now being brought to the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to supplement the existing Gamma Reaction History (GRH-6m) located 6 m from target chamber center (TCC).

Tailoring 99mTc-Macroaggregated Albumin Administration to Optimize Patient Dose Reduction.

Unlabelled: In the ever-changing field of nuclear medicine, best-practice considerations cannot simply go unchallenged for months and years, with the need to minimize radiation exposure to patients highlighted in "as low as reasonably achievable" principles. The Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency reports that the dose for (99m)Tc-macroaggregated albumin ((99m)Tc-MAA) administered should be 180-200 MBq. An objective of imaging in pulmonary embolism, or indeed any diagnostic procedure involving radiation, is to minimize radiation exposure without sacrificing image quality and diagnostic accuracy.

Metabolism by conjugation appears to confer resistance to paracetamol (acetaminophen) hepatotoxicity in the cynomolgus monkey.

1. Paracetamol overdose remains the leading cause of acute liver failure in humans. This study was undertaken in cynomolgus monkeys to study the pharmacokinetics, metabolism and the potential for hepatotoxic insult from paracetamol administration as a possible model for human toxicity.

Evaluation of a telerehabilitation system for community-based rehabilitation.

The use of web-based portals, while increasing in popularity in the fields of medicine and research, are rarely reported on in community-based rehabilitation programs. A program within the Pennsylvania Office of Vocational Rehabilitation's Hiram G. Andrews Center, the Cognitive Skills Enhancement Program (CSEP), sought to enhance organization of program and participant information and communication between part- and full-time employees, supervisors and consultants.

Extraction of weak transition strengths via the (3He, t) reaction at 420 MeV.

Differential cross sections for transitions of known weak strength were measured with the (3He, t) reaction at 420 MeV on targets of 12C, 13C, 18O, 26Mg, 58Ni, 60Ni, 90Zr, 118Sn, 120Sn, and 208Pb. Using these data, it is shown that the proportionalities between strengths and cross sections for this probe follow simple trends as a function of mass number. These trends can be used to confidently determine Gamow-Teller strength distributions in nuclei for which the proportionality cannot be calibrated via beta-decay strengths.

Phosphorescence lifetime based oxygen micro-sensing using a digital micromirror device.

A digital light modulation microscope (DLMM) that utilizes a digital micromirror device (DMD) on an epifluorescence microscope has been developed to modulate excitation light in spatial and temporal domains for phosphorescence lifetime detection. Local O2 concentration can be inferred through the detected lifetime around an O2-quenching phosphorescent porphyrin microsensor. Combined with microsensor arrays, the DLMM can sequentially address light to each microsensor element to construct a discrete lifetime image or O2 distribution.

Excitation and decay of the isovector giant monopole resonances via the 208Pb(3He,t p) reaction at 410 MeV.

The excitation and subsequent proton decay of the isovector spin-flip giant monopole resonance (IVSGMR) is studied via the 208Pb(3He,t) reaction at 410 MeV. In the inclusive spectrum (60+/-5)% of the non-energy-weighted sum-rule strength for this 2 variant Planck's over 2h omega resonance was found in the region 29 View Article and Find Full Text PDF