Dynamics of antibody nuclease activity in blood of women during pregnancy and lactation.

In human milk we previously found catalytic antibodies (abzymes) catalyzing hydrolysis of DNA, RNA, NMP, NDP, and NTP and also phosphorylation of proteins and lipids. In the present study we have analyzed nuclease activities of antibodies in blood of women during pregnancy and lactation. Blood of healthy male and female volunteers lacked catalytically active antibodies, whereas antibodies from blood of pregnant women hydrolyzed DNA and RNA and their relative activity varied over a wide range.

[Clinico-immunologic subtypes of type I diabetes mellitus].

Aim: To study clinico-immunological characteristics of diabetes mellitus type I.

Material And Methods: Clinical examination was made of 333 patients with diabetes mellitus type I with manifestation of carbohydrate metabolism impairment and intoxication syndrome because of diabetic ketoacidosis (group 1) and without it (group 2). Compared to donors (n = 68), T-cell, B-cell and monocytic components of immune system were studied in patients with uncomplicated DM type 1 in both groups (28 and 15 patients, respectively).

[Predictive value of insulin-glucose homeostasis markers in patients with metabolic syndrome X].

Aim: To clarify informative value of secretory ability of pancreatic beta-cells and correspondence of insulin values to glycemia in the course of standard glucose tolerance test (GTT) in detection of insulin-resistance in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) to verify metabolic syndrome (MS).

Material And Methods: Correlation and factor analyses were performed of correlations between glycemia, immunoreactive insulin (IRI), C-peptide, glucose/IRI in the course of GTT in 111 AH patients divided into groups by the sum of metabolic disturbances.

Results: The greatest number of correlations were seen for glucose/IRI fasting index.

[Importance of estimated value of T-cell activation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Aim: To determine the role of estimated value HLA-DR+/CD19+ in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the course of the disease.

Materials And Methods: The number of CD+ and HLA-DR+ lymphocytes and the ratio HLA-DR+/ CD19+ were estimated in the peripheral blood of 70 IDDM patients aged 9-47 years with the disease duration since the diagnosis 0-10. Indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies was employed.

[Delayed-type hypersensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and effects of short-action insulins produced by different pharmaceutical firms].

Aim: The study of activity of T-effector lymphocytes of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) and effects of short-action insulins produced by different pharmaceutical firms.

Materials And Methods: 79 IDD patients aged 3-48 entered the study.

Results: T-effector lymphocytes activity in DTH patients was abnormal: leukocytes migration was enhanced due to inhibited production of the inhibiting factor.

[The characteristics of the peripheral blood monocytes in diabetics].

The study was aimed at laboratory evaluation of monocytes in peripheral blood of patients with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Irrespective of the disease type and clinical features, monocytes count at the expense of Fc-positive monocytes was increased, activity of monocytes in the test NBT reduction was inhibited. The problem of monocyte involvement in diabetic angiopathy genesis and the role of insulin in this process are discussed.

[Thymogen in the treatment of type-1 diabetes mellitus].

Thymogen effect was assessed in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with clinical and laboratory evidence of secondary immunodeficiency. It was found that thymogen removes signs of secondary immunodeficiency due to activation of T-lymphocyte differentiation. Clinical effect of thymogen was registered in 94.

[The characteristics of the immunogenesis and immunocorrection of diabetes mellitus].

The authors review literature data and their own experience on immunopathogenesis of diabetes mellitus types I and II, discuss desirability of immunomodulating drugs inclusion in the treatment schemes, application of immune system mediators and synthetic immunomodulators, selection of patients for immunocorrection. Immunomodulating therapy in diabetes mellitus is thought beneficial though further serious studies are required.

[The characteristics of T-lymphocyte differentiation in type-1 diabetes mellitus].

Postthymic T-precursors were quantified in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) varying in forms. The number of pre-T-lymphocytes and auto-rosette-forming cells was found to differ significantly in DM type I patients from that of healthy donors. The count of T-precursors was analyzed with regard of DM duration, pattern, ketoacidosis, diabetic microangiopathy, insulin dose, associated diseases.

[Glycosylation products in the early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of carbohydrate metabolism disorders].

HbAIc and FA were investigated as markers in the diagnosis of early carbohydrate metabolic derangements. A group with normal TSH and a high concentration for glycosylation products was singled out. Carbohydrate metabolic derangements in 89 per cent showed a tendency to progression.

[Free fatty acid spectrum and rheological properties of erythrocytes in people with disturbed glucose tolerance and in patients with diabetes mellitus].

The paper is devoted to a study of mechanisms of deterioration of blood rheological properties in disturbed carbohydrate metabolism in 17 patients with disorders in GTT and in 83 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The level of lipids, the spectrum of fatty acids (SFA) were determined in the blood plasma using gas chromatography by an original method, proposed by the authors for assessment of the rheological properties of erythrocytes (rotation viscosimetry of erythrocyte suspension in standard hematocrit of 45%). The concentrations of saturated and polyunsaturated acids in the blood plasma of persons with disturbed GTT and DM were increased, and the concentration of linoleic acid was lowered.

[Glycosylated proteins and the rheological properties of the erythrocytes in carbohydrate metabolic disorders].

The level of glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb AIc), the concentration of glycosylated proteins in red blood cell membranes (GPCM), and fructosamine were measured in patients with different carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities (glucose tolerance test disorders, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus/IDDM/). The "pyrene" probe was used to examine rheological disorders in different shift rates and microviscosity of red blood cell membranes. Close correlations were established between glycosylated proteins and microviscosity as well as between GPCM and viscosity of red blood cell suspension.

[Pathogenetic therapy of tissue hypoxia, hemorheologic disorders and microangiopathies in patients with diabetes mellitus].

To reveal oxygen transport and hemorheological changes in derangements of carbohydrate metabolism, a unified scheme for patients' examination was devised. It includes examination of oxygen metabolism, rheological blood properties (viscosity of the whole blood, hematocrit, viscosity of erythrocyte and plasma suspension), microcirculation and compensatory responses of the body. Identification of oxygen transport disorders and hemorheological shifts, determination of their nature, intensity as well as of the mechanism by which they occur make it possible to form a genuine basis for effective differentiated correction of the abnormalities of the blood rheological properties and tissue hypoxia, and favours stabilization of microangiopathies in patients with diabetes mellitus.

[Blood hyperviscosity syndrome in type I diabetes mellitus].

Blood rheological properties and oxygen metabolism were investigated in 50 patients with type I insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Metabolic and morphological phases of the blood hyperviscosity syndrome were defined in relation to the nature of hemorheological disturbances. Oxygen metabolic disturbances were of unidirectional type manifesting themselves in a decrease in tissue oxygenation and the development of tissue hypoxia.

[Diagnostic significance of determining glycosylated hemoglobin in the detection of early forms of diabetes mellitus].

In order to determine the diagnostic value of glycolytic hemoglobin (HbA1c) in early forms of diabetes mellitus its content was studied in 62 individuals with disturbed glucose tolerance, then used as a kind of screening for examination of 357 workers employees at a factory with a subsequent glucose tolerance test (GTT). The level of HbA1c was raised almost in all persons with disturbed carbohydrate metabolism. There was correlation between HbA1c and GTT results in the diagnosis of disturbed glucose tolerance.

[Lipid peroxidation in patients with diabetes mellitus].

The activity of free radical oxidation in patients with diabetes mellitus was investigated with respect to a type of diabetes using chemiluminescence. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental investigation of 80 patients with diabetes mellitus was conducted. The level of free radical oxidation in the patients changed as compared to that in the controls.

[Desynchronization of circadian rhythms of the oxygen balance in the tissues and rheological properties of the blood in type I diabetes mellitus].

Circadian rhythms of tissue oxygen balance and blood rheological properties were investigated in 40 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The syndrome of blood hyperviscosity determined by a rise of the level of packed cell volume and blood viscosity developed in decompensation of diabetes mellitus, resulting in desynchronization of packed cell volume. Blood viscosity rhythm was preserved but fluctuation ranges were sharply on an increase.