Publications by authors named "Gale J"

Technologies that describe the biomechanics of the eye are of emerging importance in glaucoma and keratoconus. A defect in the wall of the eye would be expected to affect biomechanics, resulting in the dispersion of mechanical energy and more viscous rather than elastic behaviour. Here, a mildly myopic man in his 50s was noted to have a deep conduit beside the right optic disc which appeared to pass posteriorly to the optic nerve sheath or orbit.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Saline infusion sonohysterography/hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography is commonly used in the work-up of infertility. Overall, pelvic infection following these investigations is rare, but risk may be increased in patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not professionally recommended in patients with advanced endometriosis, a point that requires reconsideration.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Research shows that taking activity breaks during prolonged periods of sitting in the evening can be beneficial, and this study aims to identify ways to encourage people to adopt this behavior.
  • The study involved interviews with 28 participants to understand the barriers and facilitators to incorporating evening activity breaks into their routines, and the data was analyzed using the Capability Opportunity and Motivation model of Behaviour (COM-B).
  • Key findings highlighted that awareness of the benefits and having reminders enhanced participants' ability to change behavior, while social influences and personal motivation significantly impacted whether they successfully engaged in regular activity breaks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Many metastatic prostate cancer prognostics have been suggested, but few are validated. Nodal metastasis burden and baseline biochemical characteristics are overlooked in the currently accepted stratifications for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) is likely to increase the incidence of pelvic nodal and mHSPC undetected by conventional scans.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

An 80-year-old fit and active gentleman presented with left hip pain and a new central scotoma in his right eye after falling from an electric bicycle. He was able to mobilise independently and presented to ophthalmic services where cotton wool spots were found in both eyes and a presumptive diagnosis of Purtscher's retinopathy (PuR) was made. The patient was referred to the emergency department for assessment of a potential fracture.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Myelination of the retinal nerve fibre layer (MNFL) is generally an incidental asymptomatic finding on fundus exam. While MNFL is thought to be a congenital and stationary finding, there have been cases of acquired and progressive MNFL reported. Here, we discuss a case where a girl in middle childhood presented with reading difficulties and was found to have normal vision and MNFL superior to the left optic disc.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Geographic and environmental factors, particularly temperature, significantly influence the microbial communities in wild flies more than geographic location does.
  • The microbiota composition varies based on diet, with wild flies showing different microbiota profiles depending on the type of food consumed, rather than simply reflecting their diet.
  • Findings suggest that the interaction between the flies’ dietary habits, microbiota, and genetic differences contributes to local adaptation and evolution, especially in a single-orchard ecosystem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To compare fertility outcomes of obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m) undergoing superovulation and intrauterine insemination (SO-IUI) using gonadotropins versus letrozole.

Methods: A single centre retrospective cohort study of obese patients undergoing SO-IUI using gonadotropins or letrozole between January/2019 and June/2022. Primary outcome was clinical pregnancy rate (intrauterine pregnancy with positive fetal heart rate).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A growing body of research shows that rudeness negatively affects individual functioning and performance. Considerably less is known about how rudeness affects team processes and outcomes. In a series of five studies aimed at extending theories of the social-cognitive implications of rudeness to the team level, we show that rudeness is detrimental to team functioning.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To determine if performing regular 3-min bouts of resistance exercise spread over 4 hours in an evening will impact subsequent sleep quantity and quality, sedentary time and physical activity compared with prolonged uninterrupted sitting.

Methods: In this randomised crossover trial, participants each completed two 4-hour interventions commencing at approximately 17:00 hours: (1) prolonged sitting and (2) sitting interrupted with 3 min of bodyweight resistance exercise activity breaks every 30 min. On completion, participants returned to a free-living setting.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: The first case of mpox in Louisiana was identified 2 months ahead of Southern Decadence Festival in New Orleans, the largest LGBTQ+ Pride festival in the South. With mpox case numbers reflecting racial disparities, the objective was to mount an equitable vaccination response.

Methods: The Louisiana Department of Health rapidly pivoted its COVID-19 resources and strategies-specifically, using vaccine strike teams and mobile events, in-state vaccine redistribution through centralized warehousing and shipping support, and community partnerships-to now control mpox transmission.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The global prevalence of diabetes is similar in men and women; however, there is conflicting evidence regarding sex differences in diabetes-related complications. The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in incident microvascular and macrovascular complications among adults with diabetes.

Methods: This prospective cohort study linked data from the 45 and Up Study, Australia, to administrative health records.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Copper is a critical trace element in biological systems due the vast number of essential enzymes that require the metal as a cofactor, including cytochrome c oxidase, superoxide dismutase and dopamine-β-hydroxylase. Due its key role in oxidative metabolism, antioxidant defence and neurotransmitter synthesis, copper is particularly important for neuronal development and proper neuronal function. Moreover, increasing evidence suggests that copper also serves important functions in synaptic and network activity, the regulation of circadian rhythms, and arousal.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Unlabelled: The fruit fly is a model for understanding how hosts and their microbial partners interact as the host adapts to wild environments. These interactions are readily interrogated because of the low taxonomic and numeric complexity of the flies' bacterial communities. Previous work has established that host genotype, the environment, diet, and interspecies microbial interactions can all influence host fitness and microbiota composition, but the specific processes and characters mediating these processes are incompletely understood.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the effectiveness of the AKT inhibitor capivasertib when combined with enzalutamide in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who did not respond well to prior treatments with abiraterone acetate and docetaxel.
  • Conducted as a double-blind, randomized phase 2 trial with 100 men, the primary focus was on the composite response rate, which showed no significant improvement with the combination treatment compared to placebo.
  • Analysis revealed that patients with PTEN loss had poorer overall survival regardless of treatment, with common side effects including diarrhea and fatigue, indicating that while the combination was tolerable, it did not enhance treatment outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Booming pet ownership in the UK and elsewhere brings significant implications for the carbon pawprint. Yet it is unlikely people will ever stop owning pets, so how can pet ownership be made more sustainable? At BVA Live, Justine Shotton and Jen Gale will explore the role of vets in this complex area and how they can support clients in minimising the impact of their pets on the planet.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Calcium orthophosphates (CaPs), as hydroxyapatite (HAP) in bones and teeth are the most important biomineral for humankind. While clusters in CaP nucleation have long been known, their speciation and mechanistic pathways to HAP remain debated. Evidently, mineral nucleation begins with two ions interacting in solution, fundamentally underlying solute clustering.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Psychedelic compounds have potentially rapid, long-lasting anxiolytic, antidepressive and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated whether the psychedelic compound (R)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine [(R)-DOI], a selective 5-HT receptor partial agonist, decreases stress-related behavior in male mice exposed to repeated social aggression. Additionally, we explored the likelihood that these behavioral changes are related to anti-inflammatory properties of [(R)-DOI].

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: To compare the effects of 4 hours of laboratory-based regular activity breaks (RABs) and prolonged sitting (SIT) on subsequent 48-h free-living interstitial glucose levels in a group of healthy adults.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized crossover trial, participants completed two 4-h laboratory-based interventions commencing at ~5:00 pm: (1) SIT and (2) SIT interrupted with 3 min of body weight resistance exercise activity breaks every 30 min (RABs). Continuous glucose monitoring was performed during the intervention and for 48-h after, during which time participants returned to a free-living setting.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To report a successful case of oocyte cryopreservation and subsequent in vitro fertilization (IVF) in a transgender male receiving continued testosterone gender-affirming hormone therapy, followed by reciprocal embryo transfer (ET).

Design: A case report of a rare case of fertility preservation in a transgender man with concomitant use of testosterone therapy for 4 years before and during ovarian stimulation.

Setting: Private fertility clinic with university affiliation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The lack of experimental data on the dynamics of aspartic acid species in water for its range of protonation states and the details of their atomic-level interaction with aqueous calcium carbonate species is a driver for accurate force field development. A classical model that is consistent with the few pieces of experimental data available and with first principles calculations has been developed. The complex dynamics of the aspartate anions relevant to biomineralization and calcium carbonate crystal growth has been explored in water, providing a quantitative description of solvation structure and free energies, including conformational free energy profiles and pairing free energies.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Multicultural and colourblind approaches to managing diversity are often conceptualized to be antagonistic. However, in principle, both have underlying motives for social justice, making it important to understand how they may be psychologically reconciled. In the present research, we examined dialectical thinking as an individual characteristic or condition under which people may endorse them in a conciliatory way.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF