Production and biochemical and biophysical characterization of fibrinolytic protease of a Mucor subtilissimus strain isolated from the caatinga biome.

Cardiovascular diseases, resulting from the deposition of clots in blood vessels, are the leading cause of death worldwide. Fibrinolytic enzymatic activity can catalyze blood clot degradation. Findings show that 36 fungal isolates recovered from Caatinga soils have the potential to produce fibrinolytic protease under submerged conditions.

Production, Kinetic/Thermodynamic Study, and Evaluation of the Influence of Static Magnetic Field on Kinetic Parameters of β-Fructofuranosidase from Kita UCP 1279 Produced by Solid-State Fermentation.

β-fructofuranosidases (FFases) are enzymes involved in sucrose hydrolysis and can be used in the production of invert sugar and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). This last is an important prebiotic extensively used in the food industry. In the present study, the FFase production by Kita UCP 1279 was assessed by solid-state fermentation using a mixture of wheat and soy brans as substrate.

Enhanced production of prodigiosin by Serratia marcescens UCP 1549 using agrosubstrates in solid-state fermentation.

This work aimed to investigate the production of prodigiosin by S. marcescens UCP 1549 in solid-state fermentation (SSF), as a sustainable alternative for reducing the production costs and environmental impact. Thus, different agro-industrial substrates were used in the formulation of the prodigiosin production medium, obtaining the maximum yield of pigment (119.

Novel production of biodispersant by UCP 1549 in solid-state fermentation and application for oil spill bioremediation.

Oil spills in aquatic ecosystems cause irreparable damage to marine life and the coastal populations of affected areas. In recent years, chemical dispersants have been extensively used to remedy these impacted ecosystems, although these agents have been increasingly restricted due to their toxic potential. In this context, biosurfactants are emerging as a promising alternative to chemical dispersants, which have some advantages including low toxicity, high biodegradability and good ecological acceptability.

Seafood Waste as Attractive Source of Chitin and Chitosan Production and Their Applications.

Chitosan is a cationic polymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin, found abundantly in crustacean, insect, arthropod exoskeletons, and molluscs. The process of obtaining chitin by the chemical extraction method comprises the steps of deproteinization, demineralization, and discoloration. To obtain chitosan, the deacetylation of chitin is necessary.

Biotechnological Strategies for Chitosan Production by Mucoralean Strains and Dimorphism Using Renewable Substrates.

We investigated the influence of corn steep liquor (CSL) and cassava waste water (CWW) as carbon and nitrogen sources on the morphology and production of biomass and chitosan by UCP 1262 and UCP 1266. The highest biomass yields of 4.832 g/L ( UCP 1262) and 6.

Economic microbiological conversion of agroindustrial wastes to fungi chitosan.

To investigate the simultaneous influence of different non-nutritional factors in production and physical-chemical characteristics of chitosan obtained by Syncephalastrum racemosum we used individually agroindustrial wastes as the only nutritional sources for fungus growth. The growth conditions were evaluated according to Factorial Design, 24 with three central points in order to determine the mainly factors for maximum production of microbiological chitosan in submerged culture. Syncephalastrum racemosum grown in corn steep liquor and yield up to 7.

Monohexosylceramides from Species Isolated from Brazilian Caatinga: Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Their Anti-Biofilm and Antibacterial Activities.

Monohexosylceramides (CMHs) are highly conserved fungal glycosphingolipids playing a role in several cellular processes such as growth, differentiation and morphological transition. In this study, we report the isolation, purification and chemical characterization of CMHs from and . Using positive ion mode ESI-MS, two major ion species were observed at / 750 and / 766, respectively.

Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Chitosan Extracted from Waste Shrimp Shells.

This research aims to study the production of chitosan from shrimp shell (Litopenaeus vannamei) of waste origin using two chemical methodologies involving demineralization, deproteinization, and the degree of deacetylation. The evaluation of the quality of chitosan from waste shrimp shells includes parameters for the yield, physical chemistry characteristics by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the degree of deacetylation, and antibacterial activity. The results showed (by Method 1) extraction yields for chitin of 33% and for chitosan of 49% and a 76% degree of deacetylation.

Purification of a fibrinolytic protease from Mucor subtilissimus UCP 1262 by aqueous two-phase systems (PEG/sulfate).

A fibrinolytic protease from M. subtilissimus UCP 1262 was recovered and partially purified by polyethylene glycol (PEG)/sodium sulfate aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS). The simultaneous influence of PEG molar mass, PEG concentration and sulfate concentration on the enzyme recovery was first investigated using a 2(3) full factorial design, and the Response Surface Methodology used to identify the optimum conditions for enzyme extraction by ATPS.

Isolation and bioelectrochemical characterization of novel fungal sources with oxidasic activity applied in situ for the cathodic oxygen reduction in microbial fuel cells.

Brazilian filamentous fungi Rhizopus sp. (SIS-31), Aspergillus sp. (SIS-18) and Penicillium sp.

Green conversion of agroindustrial wastes into chitin and chitosan by Rhizopus arrhizus and Cunninghamella elegans strains.

This article sets out a method for producing chitin and chitosan by Cunninghamella elegans and Rhizopus arrhizus strains using a green metabolic conversion of agroindustrial wastes (corn steep liquor and molasses). The physicochemical characteristics of the biopolymers and antimicrobial activity are described. Chitin and chitosan were extracted by alkali-acid treatment, and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, viscosity and X-ray diffraction.

Effect of corn steep liquor (CSL) and cassava wastewater (CW) on chitin and chitosan production by Cunninghamella elegans and their physicochemical characteristics and cytotoxicity.

Microbiological processes were used for chitin and chitosan production with Cunninghamella elegans UCP/WFCC 0542 grown in different concentrations of two agro-industrial wastes, corn steep liquor (CSL) and cassava wastewater (CW) established using a 2² full factorial design. The polysaccharides were extracted by alkali-acid treatment and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, viscosity, thermal analysis, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxicity of chitosan was evaluated for signs of vascular change on the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken eggs.

Assessment of the effectiveness of the PPD-mallein produced in Brazil for diagnosing glanders in mules.

To assess the potency of the PPD-mallein produced in Brazil, five animals were from a property identified as a focus of glanders. These animals had suggestive clinical signs of the disease and the other five, from a property free from glanders, showed no clinical signs and were serology negative (control group). PPD-mallein from Burkholderia mallei was obtained by precipitation with trichloroacetic acid and ammonium sulfate.

Sialoglycoproteins in morphological distinct stages of Mucor polymorphosporus and their influence on phagocytosis by human blood phagocytes.

The possible role of sialic acids in host cells-fungi interaction and their association with glycoproteins were evaluated using a clinical isolate of the dimorphic fungus Mucor polymorphosporus. Lectin-binding assays with spores and yeast cells denoted the presence of surface sialoglycoconjugates containing 2,3- and 2,6-linked sialylglycosyl groups. Western blotting with peroxidase-labeled Limulus polyphemus agglutinin revealed the occurrence of different sialoglycoprotein types in both cell lysates and cell wall protein extracts of mycelia, spores, and yeasts of M.

Role of the morphology and polyphosphate in Trichoderma harzianum related to cadmium removal.

This study concerns the metabolism of polyphosphate in Trichoderma harzianum, a biocontrol agent with innate resistance against most chemicals used in agriculture, including metals, when grown in the presence of different concentrations of cadmium. The biomass production was affected by the concentration of metal used. Control cultures were able to accumulate polyphosphate under the conditions used.

A new indoloditerpene derivative, penijanthine A, isolated from Penicillium janthinellum.

In a screen searching for new bioactive agents, a new indoloditerpene, penijanthine A (1), was isolated from Penicillium janthinellum IFM 55557. The structure of 1 was established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical investigation, as well as detailed comparison with the spectroscopic and physico-chemical data of paxilline (2), which was isolated along with 1.

On-line biomass estimation in biosurfactant production process by Candida lipolytica UCP 988.

Biomass is an important variable in biosurfactant production process. However, such bioprocess variable, usually, is collected by sampling and determined by off-line analysis, with significant time delay. Therefore, simple and reliable on-line biomass estimation procedures are highly desirable.

Two new meroterpenoids, penisimplicin A and B, isolated from Penicillium simplicissimum.

In the course of our research for new antifungal agents, two new meroterpenoids, penisimplicin A (1) and B (2), were isolated from Penicillium simplicissimum. The absolute structures of 1 and 2 were established by spectroscopic and chemical investigation. Penisimplicin A (1) and B (2) are rare examples of D-ring seco-meroterpenoids.

A new nonadride derivative, dihydroepiheveadride, as characteristic antifungal agent against filamentous fungi, isolated from unidentified fungus IFM 52672.

In the screening of searching for new antifungal agents, a new nonaride compound, dihydroepiheveadride (1), was isolated from unidentified fungus IFM 52672 as the most potent antifungal principle from this organism. The structure of 1 was established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical investigation, as well as detailed comparison of the spectroscopic and physico-chemical data of the oxidized derivative (3) from 1 with those of heveadride (2). Compound 1 showed strong antifungal activity against various filamentous fungi including human pathogens Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium marneffei and Trichophyton spp.

Effect of medium components and time of cultivation on chitin production by Mucor circinelloides (Mucor javanicus IFO 4570) -- a factorial study.

Chitin production of mycelia from Mucor circinelloides (Mucor javanicus) was studied with a two-level factorial design in all combinations of the following factors in the culture medium: time of cultivation, concentration of D-glucose, L-asparagine and thiamine. Chitin was characterised by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The four factors showed statistically significant (95%) positive main effects on chitin production, without interactions between them.

New decalin derivatives, eujavanoic acids A and B, from Eupenicillium javanicum.

Two new decalin derivatives, eujavanoic acids A (1) and B (2), were isolated from Eupenicillium javanicum, along with several compactin derivatives. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic methods and modified Mosher's method. The side chain (2-methylbutanoyloxy) and acid functionalities of compactin derivatives were necessary to show the antifungal activity.